Are you still afraid to go to the bathroom to charge your dad?
Are you still screaming about the price of gasoline?
Is there really no inexhaustible, inexhaustible, environmentally friendly, and relatively safe energy source?
Needless to say, it seems that there really is, that is, the recent frequent hot searches, new energy hydrogen energy.
What exactly is hydrogen?
Let's first understand the hydrogen chemistry formula for hydrogen, H2 is a very flammable, colorless, odorless gas, insoluble in water.
Well, let's take notes.
In short, hydrogen is like a transparent ninja, you can't see or touch it, but it's always there, a dedicated spear ready to "fight" at any time. In junior high school chemistry class, we shake our heads and recite countless times that hydrogen is the lightest known gas in the world, with a density of only 1/14 of air, or 0.0899 g/liter.
As we all know, another "sister theory" of thermal expansion and cold contraction is that rising and falling are lighter than air, which means it can float up. Hydrogen balloons, airships, etc., common in life, use this property of hydrogen to "reach the top".
What are the key properties of hydrogen?
Yes, very flammable.
Speaking of which, some viewers may have noticed something because it is flammable and explosive, not a natural fuel?
Yes, hydrogen energy has been crowned as the "king of new energy" such as "new energy" and "carbon neutrality".
On November 4, Shanghai issued the "Notice on Supporting the Development of the Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle Industry", which considered almost all aspects of hydrogen fuel vehicles, whether it is research and development, hydrogen refueling station construction, hydrogen energy sales, or subsidies, as long as they can be built for everyone to use.
For a long time, people's pseudo-concept of environmental protection of electric vehicles has divided the entire industry into two factions, and some people say that electric vehicles have not reduced carbon emissions at all, which is capital speculation, which is obviously increasing carbon emissions. After all, wool comes from sheep, and when electric cars take off their "eco-friendly" coats, the core is still coal.
In other words, electric vehicles just play a blinding role, transfer pollution to power plants, play a very good role in energy conservation and environmental protection, how does it sound like the taste of "taking off your pants and farting"?
It is precisely because of the public's attention to electric and hybrid vehicles over the years that hydrogen energy vehicles have been able to share in the current electric vehicle boom, and it seems to be growing and developing.
Hydrogen energy dimensionality reduction impact fossil energy?
Hydrogen energy has only recently been proposed, but it is not a novice, as early as the 50s of the last century, the United States General Motors began to develop modern meaning hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.
In the 60s, the Apollo moon landing, known as the "feat", brought liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen to the moon to provide water for astronauts, as for whether the Apollo landed on the moon or not, we don't know, but hydrogen energy is far from a new new energy concept.
In the 1970s, the U.S.-Soviet rivalry for supremacy was at a fever pitch, the Middle East was in chaos, and the two subsequent oil crises unnerved everyone.
Good industrial gold, how to say it, while solving the oil crisis, we have not forgotten to look for another good situation.
Since oil is the key to our threat, let's develop hydrogen and use our forefoot to solve the oil crisis. In March 1974, the International Hydrogen Energy Association was founded in Miami.
90, after the signing of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Europe, the United States, Japan and South Korea have all begun to chase the new runway of hydrogen energy.
Why must hydrogen energy be, and what are the benefits of hydrogen energy?
Nowadays, the climate problem is so severe, polar bears have almost no home, carbon neutrality, carbon peak, has long become a new direction of energy development, just like barefoot meets shoes sellers, hydrogen energy is because of cleanliness, caught up with this hitchhiker.
As we all know, diesel, gasoline and other fossil fuels will produce a large amount of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide and other harmful gases when burning, let's take a look at the formula for the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen.
2H2 + O2 = 2H2O
H2O is water, if you look at it correctly, it is clean water, for fossil energy, it is a dimensionality reduction blow, and then we look at the energy density, the energy density, the amount of energy contained in the unit volume of matter, the higher the density, the more energy it contains.
The energy density density density of hydrogen is 140 MJ per kilogram, while lithium batteries are 0.7 megajoules per kilogram and oil is 40 megajoules per kilogram, directly impacting the existing energy source hydrogen.
Since the invention of the internal combustion engine in the 1860s, improving thermal efficiency has been a pleasure for lovers of internal combustion engines. Although the internal combustion engine has a history of one hundred years, the thermal efficiency of ordinary engines is still only 40%, do not think that 40% is too little.
Do you know how long it takes for a car engine to heat up from 30% to 40%?
More than 50 years
Shield machines, space shuttles, atomic clocks have all failed, the thermal efficiency of the engine is only 10%, and hydrogen seems to have been a godsend, for example, for hydrogen batteries, scientists do not have much thermal effect.
Existing hydrogen battery products, thermal efficiency is basically above 60%, some laboratories even increased to 80%, which is already a big number, the internal combustion engine is clamoring to cheat, why do you have to come with invisible bonuses?
Don't worry, it's not over yet. Geography textbooks teach us from an early age that the earth's natural resources are limited. In 1956, the American geologist Robert Hubbert "solemnly" predicted that 2050 would be the end of oil and oil. Whether the oil will run out is anyone's guess.
But in any case, hydrogen as a renewable source can be produced in many forms, which is a complete explosion of pure fossil fuels, not only from fossil fuels containing hydrocarbons tīng, but also from the electrolyzed water of water, thermochemistry, biological hydrogen production of hydrogen, hydrogen energy is like "all essential oils", which has been used since birth.
Compared with fossil fuels, the "green, energy-saving, and efficient" hat does have the potential to become a "new energy terminal", but this is just talk, hydrogen energy is as good as its thorn.
Hydrogen fuel cars are a myth?
Now that hydrogen fuel is doing well in every way, logically speaking, now is not the time to rush to buy it. Then "electric daddy" sorry, the next step it may calm everyone down.
As mentioned earlier, the thermal efficiency of hydrogen fuel cells is very high, but in the process of heat release, the catalyst layer is very critical, it is equivalent to the mobile phone operating system, there is no difference between the mobile phone and the plate brick without the operating system, the catalyst layer is the core of the hydrogen fuel cell.
But do you know what this thing is?
platinum
Yes, it is an "aristocratic" metal, more than 30 times rarer than gold. According to current technology, the amount of platinum used in a hydrogen energy car costs between 20 and 30g, but don't forget how expensive platinum is – $3400 per gram.
In other words, it costs tens of thousands of dollars to produce a car alone, not to mention that the continent has very little platinum ore and relies heavily on imports, even though the United States has developed new catalysts such as iron and cobalt at lower costs.
But it belonged to someone else after all, and it was his duty to escape this card neck.
As mentioned earlier, hydrogen is a secondary energy source that needs to be converted and processed through other energy sources to form.
For example, didn't we just say that hydrogen can be achieved by electrolyzing water?
Hydrogen produced by electrolyzing water in one degree Celsius of electricity can only be transported to a car as fuel at most 0.3 degrees Celsius. How efficient is the charging?
0.9 degree
In other words, a barrier to hydrogen transport.
So far, it is still a little difficult to break through, coupled with the flammable, explosive and explosive nature of hydrogen, the transportation is more difficult, so that such a large national project as "West-to-East Gas Transmission", the production of hydrogen, seems a bit whimsical.
Speaking of flammable and explosive, if you built a hydrogen station near your home, would you run away overnight?
Hydrogen seems to be "on fire" in every way.
In 2019, in Oslo, Norway, an explosion at a hydrogen refueling station exploded with no casualties, but there were rumors that "hydrogen" was changing color. Similarly, a similar incident occurred in Gangwon-do, California.
In 2019, Shanghai plans to build 100 hydrogen refueling stations, but seeing the United States, South Korea and other hydrogen originators explode, directly reducing 100 hydrogen refueling stations to 1.
In addition to safety issues, the technology gap is also the biggest obstacle to our development of hydrogen fuel vehicles.
Zushi grandpa, like the Japanese, are standing on the top of the mountain ready to cut leeks, we want to overtake in the corner, I am afraid it is a little difficult, Japan's development of hydrogen energy, in the end, is also a helpless move.
Looking at their country's energy mix, fossil fuels are almost immeasurable, and most of them rely on imports, otherwise the Fukushima accident would not have happened because hydrogen is renewable, clean, and in many ways available, killing two birds with one stone is a good thing.
Therefore, even if the soot is rolling, Japan has made the hydrogen energy technology simple and clear, hydrogen energy has not yet succeeded, and comrades still need to work hard.
Hydrogen energy is indeed the terminal of new energy, but hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will be difficult to open, and we still need to slowly overcome.