Today, when people talk about the five famous kilns - Ru, Guan, Ge, Jun, and Ding, there is a basic consensus, that is, the Ru kiln is the first of all porcelain, it is rare in the world, aesthetically elegant, and difficult to surpass in future generations, and it is well deserved. But there was a time when the head of the famous kiln was not the Ru kiln, but the Jun kiln.
In the last years of the Qing Dynasty, the scholar Chen Liu, in his book "Tao Ya", ranked the Jun kiln first in Song porcelain, and the Ru kiln relegated to the second, followed by Ding, Guan, Ge, Longquan and Jianyao.
By the time of the Republic of China, the Jun kiln was more respected, and even some sayings were widely popular among the people: "Even if there is a family wealth, it is not as good as a piece of Jun porcelain", "Gold has a price, Jun is priceless", "Jun porcelain hangs red, the value is endless", "Jun is more beautiful than jade" and so on. Why did the people of the late Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the People's Republic have such a fondness for the Jun kiln that the Ru kiln had to retreat to the second place?
Jin Dynasty Jun kiln three pools printing moon disk
Collection of the Guanfu Museum
Yuan Dynasty Jun kiln moon white glaze red spot with lid plum bottle
Collection of the Palace Museum
Jun kiln, belongs to the northern celadon system, its unique feature is that the blue emulsion glaze and copper red kiln glaze, firing out the glaze color of blue and red, just like the sunset in the west, a touch of sunset in the sky, intriguing, deeply loved. How did the ancients express this love and praise this aesthetic taste? If there is the blessing of the Literary Emperor Song Huizong, it is the best.
Therefore, during the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, there was a widespread saying that Guanjun was first burned in the Northern Song Dynasty, because the Song Huizong built the Gengyue Mountain. In the seventh year of Zhenghe (1117), Emperor Huizong of Song listened to the advice of fangshi and imitated the terrain of The Phoenix Mountain in Yuhang and built The Gengyue Mountain to bless the emperor's heirs. The pots and pots of the Jun kiln are used for placing a large number of flowers and trees on Mount Gungaku.
Northern Song Dynasty Zhao Tuo Xishan Autumn Color Map
(The landscape in the painting is considered by later generations to be the scenery of the eastern side of Ganyue Mountain)
Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
However, the claim that The official Jun was first burned in the Northern Song Dynasty has no documentary or archaeological basis at present, and is generally based on speculation and imagination. Since the 1930s, some scholars have gradually proposed the Jin Dynasty theory, the Yuan Dynasty theory, the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties, and the early Ming Dynasty, which are still confusing. Minjun has a recognized conclusion and began to burn in the Jin Dynasty.
The unique glaze color, the blessing of the emperor, and the mysterious life have made the status of the Jun kiln go all the way up. But what really made it a household name and fame was closely related to the "international" antique market at that time.
Jin Dynasty-Yuan Dynasty Jun kiln azure glaze rose purple spot double-series jar
Collection of the Guanfu Museum
Jin Dynasty Jun kiln azure glaze rose purple spotted plum bottle
Collection of the Guanfu Museum
Liu Zifen, a scholar of the Republic of China, once wrote in the "Bamboo Garden Pottery Theory", "The Tang and Song dynasties are still young, the Ming and Qing people are still red, and the Western merchants are heavy purple in recent days, and the purple ware of the Jun kiln is worth ten thousand gold." Huang Mao's "Remembrance of the Sacred Temple of Flowers with People" also records, "With the Europeans the heaviest weight of this porcelain, soaring to more than ten thousand gold, the talker Yun more than twenty years, jun kiln is afraid that it will become extinct in the country." ”
The enthusiasm of the market and the high price made the collectors and merchants at that time naturally leave the "very rare" Ru kiln and the official and brother kilns that "the true one must not be one" behind, and opened their mouths and did not leave the jun kiln, so that even the fragments of jun porcelain rose to a high level.
At that time, the dignitaries and dignitaries of high society all wore rings and belts inlaid with jun porcelain fragments as a fashion, or hung screens inlaid with jun porcelain fragments in the halls as glory, "even if there is a family wealth, it is not as good as a piece of jun porcelain", more than a hundred years later, we are still familiar with this sentence.
Republic of China Jun porcelain hanging screen
Collection of the Guanfu Museum
Mr. Ma Weidu once in Beijing many years ago in a shop specializing in old things, saw a "Republic of China Jun porcelain hanging screen", the back plate is Nan wood, the border is elm wood, a set of four fans, each fan inlaid with ten pieces of ancient Jun porcelain pieces, a total of forty pieces, the pieces are different, intriguing. After several twists and turns, it was finally collected and became the first important collection in Mr. Ma's collecting career, which is of great commemorative significance and is now displayed in the Guanfu Museum in Beijing.
According to this collection [Republic of China Jun Porcelain Hanging Screen] as the model, Guanfu Museum dedicated to the creation of [Guanfu Jiugong Series Jun Porcelain Hanging Screen], a set of four fans, each inlaid with ten pieces of old porcelain fragments of the Jun kiln of the Golden Yuan Period, set into a screen, turning decay into magic, so that the ancient porcelain pieces regained a new life, but also so that the beauty of Jun porcelain can be appreciated and praised by today's people
Guanfu Jiugong Jun porcelain hanging screen has extremely high requirements for porcelain pieces, and must meet the following conditions: those with narrow shapes and long sizes are not taken, those with smaller sizes are not taken, those who are excessively alien are not taken, and those who bend outward are not taken. Fragments of jun porcelain are rare, especially those who can be used to hang screens.
And known as "into the kiln one color, out of the kiln ten thousand colors" said jun porcelain glaze color is rich and diverse, plain and elegant such as moon white, azure blue, magnificent such as rose purple, begonia red. The selection needs to be taken both to fully display the beauty of jun porcelain.
The back plate is made of Burmese yellow pear, the border is large-leaf rosewood, and each hanging screen is like a classic instrument type, with dozens of kinds of ear bottles, chuyi zun, pomegranate zun, garlic bottle, jade pot spring bottle, gall bottle, folding edge washing, incense burner, slag bucket, bowl, chime and so on.
Because the residual porcelain is difficult to find, and the value is high, Guanfu Jiugong Jun porcelain hanging screen set is rare, at present only the remaining collection number 05, 12, 13, 15, 17 these five sets of hanging screens, may this instrument, inherit the ancient people's elegant things, can always appreciate the beauty of the endless changes of Jun porcelain.