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Tang Dynasty talented daughter Xue Tao as "Chiping Edge Building"
The female poet Xue Tao was originally the daughter of the Chang'an Liang family. When he was young, he followed his father into Shu, but unfortunately his father died, and he was left as a prostitute without relatives. She was intelligent since childhood, good at playing and singing, and also worked poetry, and had paid singing contacts with famous poets such as Yuan Shu, Bai Juyi, and Liu Yuxi at that time.
In the fifth year of Emperor Dezong of Tang 's reign ( 789 ) , Xue Tao was sent to Songzhou (present-day Songpan ) for offending Wei Gao , the envoy of the then Jiannan Xichuan Jiedushi , for a minor incident. After several acquaintances dredged up, Xue Tao presented a volume of poetry, and Fang was released back to Chengdu.
When Xue Tao was in charge of the army, he learned that Li Deyu was building a border building in Victoria during his tenure as an envoy to Xichuan Jiedushi. According to the Tongjian, "Deyu went to the town, made a side building, Tushu terrain, south into Nanzhao, west to Tubo." Although the pawns and barbarians have nowhere to go, they visit mountains, rivers, cities, and roads, and are wide and narrow. Before the month, they are all involved in the calendar. ”
It can be seen that Li Deyu built a side building, which is not only for the purpose of climbing and viewing, but also related to the military. During his tenure, the city of Victoria, which had been occupied by Tubo, was recovered, and the area around Xichuan was always stable. Until Xue Tao's twilight years, he was shocked to hear that the war on the western frontier had started again, so he felt sorry for the time and wrote seven masterpieces in Chengdu.
Raise the side building
Ping Linyun Bird Eight Windows Autumn,
Sou Nishikawa Shiju.
The generals Mo Qiang horses,
See the edge at the top.
The first two sentences of the poem write the building: "Ping Linyun Bird", then the height of the building can be known; "Eight Windows Autumn", then the sky is clear and the scene of endless hope can be seen; the second sentence "Strong pressure on the forty states of Xichuan", with the word "Zhuang", points out the place where the side building is located in the capital of Xichuan. These two poems not only outline the meteorological majesty of the side building, point out Li Deyu's intention to build the building, but also full of the poet's sense of the past and present. The last two sentences are solemnly condemned in a deep sigh, meaning that because the generals were short-sighted and greedy and plundering, they attracted war with the Qiang, and they did not have the ability to resist, so that even Chengdu, the capital of Xichuan, was threatened by war.
The poem ends with "see the edge at the highest level", which is "high", this "see", and the first sentence "Ping Linyun Bird" echoes far away; and "see the side head", which is a sharp contrast with the second sentence "Strong Pressure Xichuan", which means that this towering tall building, which was once the heart of the political and military of the whole Shu Dynasty, became the symbol of the commanding heights of Xichuan; and with the passage of time, you can now see the beacon of the border land when you climb the tower. Through this contrast, the changes in the situation in the Xichuan area and the gains and losses of the imperial court's employment of people are concentrated from this building of specific historical significance; and the poet's sentimental and long-term feelings of sentimentality and long-term thinking, that is, Du Fu's words that "the terrain of Western Shu is dangerous, and the safety and danger are still out of the crowd" (the generals) are also affectionate. From a syntactic point of view, the sentence of "generals" suddenly turned and jumped out of the above, and the last sentence came back in one stroke, still boiling down to the side building, saying that it was still climbing the stairs to overlook, which was really hard words and empty, and the force penetrated the back of the paper.
The first two sentences of this poem write the scene, the momentum is magnificent, and the solemn atmosphere is not lost in the heroism; the last two sentences are discussed, with far-reaching meaning, and the scene warns and is old and sophisticated. The poet's deep feelings are in stark contrast with the grandeur of the first two sentences, which fully shows Xue Tao's sense of being concerned about the world and his feelings of home and country that are worried about the country and the people. In this short seven-word sentence, there are discussions, feelings, narratives, descriptions, turbulences, and subtle setbacks, which are rare in Chinese and Tang poetry.
It is said that Li Deyu sent this poem to all the officers and men of the army, warning them to put the country first and the overall situation first, and not to abolish border defense for their own selfish interests.
In her life, although Xue Tao suffered great changes since childhood, experienced ups and downs, and suffered hardships, she did not dare to forget the country and felt empathy for the suffering of the people's lives, this kind of concern for the safety of the country and the warmth and coldness of the people, and the feeling of wishing for national harmony has always been admired by future generations.
Source: Zhizhong Aba
Contributed by: Lixian Center for Party History Research and Local History Compilation
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