[News Page-Taiwan Straits Network]
Blue and white glazed string pattern gourd bottle
Qing Dynasty colorful Fulu Shou vase
In the Dehua Song and Yuan Ceramic Culture Exhibition Hall, there is a green and white glazed string pattern gourd bottle, which is from the "Nanhai No. 1" Song Dynasty shipwreck, the shape of the instrument is full, the glaze water is thick, small and cute.
The gourd harmonic "Fulu" is an important embodiment of the "Fu" culture. Gourds and gourd-shaped bottles, pots, seals and other utensils have appeared many times since the Song Dynasty. In the Dehua kiln system, in addition to the Song Dynasty gourd bottles that came out of the water, there were many productions of gourd-shaped ceramic wine pots, water bowls, and incense sticks in later generations. It is worth mentioning that many Ming Dynasty He Chaozong sculptures will have the knowledge of the gourd seal, objectively speaking, the gourd seal is not the first creation of He Chaozong, Song Huizong has used the seal in the shape of a gourd, but in the sculpture of the gourd seal as a model recognition is a unique existence, the later generations of Dehua local sculpture artists have imitated.
It is not uncommon for Dehua kilns to use "bats" as materials to express the cultural theme of "Fu". Qing Dynasty blue and white plates, the flower surface often has five "bats" around the "shou" pattern. In addition, the colorful flower plates of the Qing Dynasty, flying through the flowers and clusters are mostly bats, but butterflies are rare, and this expression method is still quite prosperous even in the Republic of China.
The earliest appearance of the "blessing" element of plum blossoms in Dehua kilns is the plum blossom cup of the Ming Dynasty, and the rhinoceros-shaped cup body is decorated with flowering plum trees, and the main technique is stacking stickers. In the same period, the dragon and tiger cup, in addition to decorating the dragon and tiger, also has embellishments such as plums. The technique of stacking plum blossoms has been well inherited in the Dehua kiln, and it is even more brilliant in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, expanding from cups to cans, pots, plates, etc., and the content has also joined magpies, bats, butterflies, etc. from a single plum tree, and the technique is more complex and superb, and the artistic conception is more lofty. After the Qing Dynasty, plum blossoms have become an important painting subject of Dehua kiln color porcelain, especially in modern and contemporary times, painting plum blossoms on plum bottles is a favorite creative technique for craftsmen.
Qing Dynasty Dehua kiln craftsmen painted "Fulu Shou" portraits on ceramics and were not scarce. The crown of the Fuxing bundle is on the right, the luxing crown is in the center, the birthday star has a long beard and baldness, and the clothing and objects held have their own characteristics, there are blue flowers, there are colorful, and it is mostly painted on the belly of the bottle. Although religious themes are an important part of Dehua kiln sculpture, the three stars of "Fulu Shou" appeared together in the pre-Republic of China, and only a single life star sculpture occasionally survived, and there were sporadic discoveries in the excavation of kiln sites.
Writing has always been the most effective and convenient way to express information, and Dehua kiln porcelain with the character "Fu" appeared in the antique market in the early years, especially in the Qing Dynasty and the blue and white porcelain of the Republic of China, which wrote the word "Fu". In addition, Dehua ceramic turtle prints are usually used to make rice kway for birthdays, and the words "Fu", "Fu Lu Shou", "Xi" and "Cai" are engraved in the middle of an oval mold with a turtle-shaped pattern, and the pattern is rich. Minnan Dehua kiln turtle printing dating back to the Ming Dynasty, more glaze to medium and low temperature firing, glaze color to white glaze and sauce glaze mainly, is still in use now, but the style is simpler than the old times, most of them only have a "Shou" character.
Source: Fujian Daily