To the town of the original medicine gourd ancient city
Find the legend of the battlefield of the Northern Song Dynasty breeder
The wheat seedlings are green on the ancient city of medicine gourd.
Overlooking the ruins of the ancient city of Yaohulu.
Yaozhou porcelain blue glaze engraved porcelain bowl unearthed from the site of the medicine gourd.
The story of the Yang family generals is a household name in China, but what is little known is that the stories of the Yang family generals are mostly fictional, and many of the materials for the romance come from another generation of families who fought hard and guarded the border of the Great Song Dynasty - the family generals, from the beginning of the rebuilding of the Western Army during the Qing period of Song Renzong, the names of the generals have been flashing in the annals of history.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhenyuan County, Gansu Province is located in the strategic area of the Song-Xia border, in order to resist the invasion of the Western Xia, the Northern Song Dynasty, especially when Fan Zhongyan governed Qingzhou, built many castles and fortresses in the territory of Zhenyuan, these walled cities played a major role in resisting the invasion of the Western Xia and protecting the territory and the people......
Students, now come with me to visit the ruins of the ancient city of Yaohulu and find the legend of the battlefield of the Northern Song Dynasty breeders......
1 Who is the Jingluo Xianggong in "Water Margin"?
In "Water Margin", the opening chapter vaguely mentions that during the reign of Huizong, when traitors were in power, the seed family would still be the mainstay of defending the northwest border of the Northern Song Dynasty. For example, Lu Zhishen, Wang Jin, and Yang Zhi have all talked about the old and small races, and in the first episode of "Water Margin", Wang Jin, the head of the 800,000 forbidden army, took his mother to Yan'an to avoid trouble because he was afraid of Gao Yu's personal vendetta......
Shi Nai'an's "Water Margin" is three points real and seven points false, in the Northern Song Dynasty, there were indeed old species and small species were slightly related, these two were uncles and nephews, the old kind of Jing was slightly related to each other, and the small kind of Jing was slightly called the seed master Dao, all of them were famous generals of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the father of the seed family, Chong Shiheng, was the person who opened the mountain.
There are now seven ancient city ruins in the Northern Song Dynasty to defend the Western Xia in the territory of Zhenyuan, namely Pengyang City, Kaibian City, New Town, West Trench City, Liuquan City, Medicine Gourd City, Yinjia City, among which Medicine Gourd City is the slender waist gourd city built by Shiheng.
It is located on the secondary platform "Yaohuluzui" on the north bank of the Puhe River after the confluence of the Anjiachuan River and the Baijiachuan River in Sancha Town, 20 meters away from Sancha Street in the east, facing Erlang Mountain in the south, facing the Anjiachuan River in the west, Baijiachuan River in the west, and the Lao Ye Mountain in Gaowan Houhe, and the Black Mountain Beam in the north and the Black Mountain Gully in the north.
The medicine gourd is now the cultivated land of wheat seedlings and green green, looking for a long time, did not find the rammed earth layer of the city wall, let alone picked up one or two fragments of Yaozhou porcelain, only the sour jujube thorns all over the ridge are hooked with clothes, we can only analyze the general scope of the ancient city from the morphological characteristics of the mountains and rivers around the medicine gourd Tsui.
The inspection report describes the style of the ancient city of Yaohulu as follows: "The city site is 200 meters long from east to west, 280 meters long from north to south, with an area of nearly 60,000 square meters. It is found that the remnant city wall is 10 meters high, the residual length is 12 meters, the rammed earth layer is 0.1-0.2 meters thick, there are 23 holes in the upper and lower two layers of caves in the city, the city wall is 10 meters below the cliff and built, three sides are cliffs, easy to defend and difficult to attack. Standing on the east edge of the eight or nine meters high platform and carefully observing, we finally have an understanding of "cutting cliffs and building" and "easy to defend and difficult to attack".
Drive to Lao Ye Mountain, which is across the road from the ancient city of Yaohulu, and look at the surrounding terrain of Yaohuluzui again from a distance, and confirm that the ancient city is here.
2 Is the city of the medicine gourd and the city of the gourd with the waist of the gourd the same city?
Cultural relics experts have found that the exposed cultural layer is 1-3 meters thick on the section of the ancient city of Yaohulu, the top layer is cloth pattern tile, raindrop pattern pottery piece, bean celadon piece, Yaozhou kiln blue glaze carved porcelain bowl has been unearthed; the middle is the Jomon gray pottery plate tile, cylinder tile and other fragments; the lower layer is the sand red pottery, gray pottery, stone knife and other fragments; the surface of the city site is scattered with a large number of building components and various tiles, the later cultural layer is in the west, the early cultural layer is in the east.
On the north hill adjacent to the ancient city of Yaohulu, there is a Song Dynasty fort site commonly known as Liangshan Liang, which is located on the commanding height of the mountaintop, with a wide field of vision, and Anjiachuan and Baijiachuan are in full view. On the west side of Yaohulu City, the Great Wall of Qin in the Warring States Period is like a dragon snake, crossing the Anjiachuan River from the south bank of Anjiachuan and "swimming" in the east of Baijiachuan.
Let us trace our eyes back to the Qingli period of Renzong of the Northern Song Dynasty nearly a thousand years ago (1041-1048), and we can see the extremely high military value of the ancient city of Yaohulu: there are two rivers in the north of Yaohulu City, one is Baijiachuan, which leads directly to Huanzhou in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the other is Anjiachuan, which leads directly to the Zhenrong army in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the two rivers are directly connected to the border of Western Xia. The city was set up here in successive dynasties, which can not only prevent the border, but also control the throat of the Silk Road, and at the same time can appease the border and control the key points.
During the period of Song Renzong, the rulers ruled the Qingming Dynasty and were praised by the world, but at this time, the northwest border of the Great Song Dynasty was overwhelmed by black clouds and wanted to destroy the city. Li Yuanhao, the party leader who occupied the land west of the river, was fledgling and finally showed his fangs to the Northern Song Empire. The Northern Song Dynasty sent the best Wenchen Xia Zhu, Fan Zhongyan, and Han Qi to the northwest in an attempt to recover the decline. Under the painstaking management of Fan, Han and others, the situation on the northwest border of the Northern Song Dynasty was greatly improved.
After Fan Zhongyan went to the northwest, he was very pragmatic and low-key, and he went to the northwest to defend with the Xixia people, not to attack. On the battlefield in the northwest, the party members have already become proficient, and guerrilla warfare is fought with great skill, and the strategy adopted by Fan Zhongyan is to build cities and fortify the borders, fight a protracted war, and look for opportunities to counterattack in defense.
He is also Bole, and has discovered and cultivated many first-class border generals in actual combat, among which Chong Shiheng and Di Qing are outstanding representatives.
At that time, there were three Qiang tribes of Minjuer, Mizang and Kangnuo between the Western Xia and the Song Huanqing Road, which had always been strong, and there were two rivers in the north of the nomadic land to communicate with the Western Xia. The Song court sent troops to recruit many times, but because of its dangerous land, they all lost their troops and returned defeated.
In the fourth year of Qingli, in order to prevent the three clans from having personal relations with Western Xia, Fan Zhongyan decided to build a new city between Huanzhou and Yuanzhou to cut off the route between them, so he ordered Shiheng to build a slender gourd city. Chong Shiheng sent people to entertain the Qiang people with a plan to make them indisputable, and called the chiefs of the three tribes to reward, telling them that the construction of this city was to help them protect the Emperor. The three clans were caught off guard, and there was no foreign aid, so they had to bow down and obey orders.
The question is whether the ancient city of Yaohulu is the thin-waisted gourd city contained in the history of the Song Dynasty? Experts put forward such circumstantial evidence, there is an ancient city 2 kilometers east of Yaohulu City, the city wall is partially preserved, unearthed Xixia black glazed plum dot porcelain plate, Song and Jin Dynasty relics are very many, the local people all call it Yuanhao City, this village is also called Yuanhao Natural Village, according to legend, it is the ancient city of Tunbing built by Li Yuanhao of Xixia who invaded here. It can be inferred from this that the Medicine Gourd City is very likely to be the Slender Waist Gourd City in the Northern Song Dynasty, and it was falsely rumored to be the Medicine Gourd City over time.
3 A city, the last effort of a generation of famous generals
The rise of the breed of Shiheng and the breed of the family will not rely on the merits of the ancestors. Chong Shiheng was resourceful, and often made strange plans during the town side, and repeatedly broke the Western Xia soldiers. He once subdued the ethnic minority tribes in the northwest with Zhixin, and often received his help in the war against the Western Xia. "History of the Song Dynasty: The Biography of Chong Shiheng" and Shen Kuo's "Mengxi Writings" both record in detail the clever plan of Chong Shiheng, which made Li Yuanhao, the lord of the Western Xia, and the famous general Yeli Yu beggar, Yeli Wangrong brothers, the monarchs and ministers turned against each other, and the story of the Yeli family was no less wonderful than the "Jiang Gan stolen the book" in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".
At that time, when the slender waist gourd city was built, Shiheng was already sick in bed, but he struggled to get up and led the soldiers to build day and night. But he was lucky, he had several good sons, who took over his banner tent in the northwest and firmly planted the banner of the family army in the northwest.
Chong Shiheng has eight sons: Chong Xuan, Chong Diagnosis, Chong Counsel, Chong Yong, Chong Ge, Chong Shuo, Chong Ji, and Chong Yi, which is the second generation of breeders. Species, diagnosis, and cultivation are each led by a department of Shiheng, known as the "three kinds", all of which are generals of the Song Dynasty and have quite meritorious military achievements. Among the breeders of this generation, they are the most well-known for their planting and friendship. The "Old Seed Classic" mentioned in "Water Margin" refers to the seed of the Seed, who once defeated the Western Xia army of 80,000 in Wudingchuan outside Mizhi City, and played the prestige of the "Seed Army". Chong Yi is the youngest son of Chong Shiheng, who is good at reading and strict in governing the army. The local people said: "If you have a kind of friendship, you can win 200,000 elite soldiers." ”
The third generation of breeders will mainly include the son of the seed of the seed Pu, the son of the seed of the seed of the seed master Dao, the seed master Zhong, the seed master Min and others. The most famous is the Taoist who is known as the "small race of the scriptures". In the first year of Song Jingkang (1126), the Jin people invaded, and the seed master Min and the seed master were martyred successively (before that, Chong Pu had been killed in the battle with the Qiang people). Soon after, the planter also died of grief at the age of 76. Three generations of the seed family have survived and died together with the Northern Song Dynasty, and this tragic ending makes people sigh.
With the difficulty of Jingkang, the Song Dynasty moved south, and the seed family left the northwest frontier guarded by generations, and the fourth generation of the seed family will be such as Chong Hao, Chong Xi and others although they hold military positions, but their achievements are far less than the ancestors, and the seed family will be obliterated from now on, and soon the Yue family represented by Yue Fei and Yue Yun and his son will appear on the stage of history, staging a more tragic and magnificent historical plot.
Rushing News Lanzhou Morning News reporter Liu Xiaolei