In addition to Ouyang Xiu and Cai Xiang, there were many calligraphers in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty, although their influence in the history of calligraphy was not as great as that of the "Four Song Families", but it is also worthy of our understanding and attention.
1. Shi Yannian
Shi Yannian (994-1041), whose name is Manqing, was a native of Songcheng (now Shangqiu, Henan). After repeated attempts, he was relocated to the rank of military minister. He was the commander of Jinxiang County, the general judgment of Haizhou, and the school manager of the secret pavilion, and the final prince Zhongyun. There is "Shi Manqing Collection".
(Statue of Shi Yannian)
Shi Shi focuses on the main book. Zhu Changwen's "Continuation of the Book" records:
...... Manqing is writing into the wonderful product, especially the wall, do not choose paper and pen, natural and majestic. ......
Fan Wenzheng said: "Manqing's pen, Yan muscles and willow bones, scattered in the world, treasure is a sacred object." Uncle Ouyang Yong tasted the poem: "Manqing and Zimei are really geniuses, and they have been buried in Huang Ai for a long time." Zimei is born poor and dies more and more expensive, and the broken chapters are like Qiong Gui; Manqing is drunk with red and pink walls, and the iron has been stripped of bituminous coal. The river tilts Kunlun and twists and turns, and the snow presses Dahua Gao Cui Wei. Since the two sons have disappeared one after another, the mountains and rivers have been devastated by the weather. "The words of the two princes are credible, and they are not false.
"Body and face, willow" is the origin of Shi's calligraphy. Southern Song Dynasty Zhou Bida Yiyun: "Yu Jiazang Shi Manqing's big book "Raising Pen Post" poem, like Yan Lu Gongxin's painting, today's friends have undoubtedly shown its grass two crosses, absolutely like Liu Cheng hanging. Fan Wenzheng Gongyun: 'Manqing's pen, Yan muscles and willow bones'. Forgive me!"
Shi Yannian belongs to Zhang Xu's kind of characters, and he has never met talents, so he borrowed wine to open his mind with books, but the difference is that the book style he uses is a book with weak lyricism. As a result, he often uses tools to achieve strange results.
Huang Tingjian quoted Su Shi as saying that the bigger the book, the more strange it is (that is, the sentence "the smaller the small characters of Jun Mo are more wonderful, and the larger the big characters of Manqing, the more strange they are", which may refer to the unexpected effect produced by this kind of non-brush book.
Shi Yannian's handwriting no longer exists, not only because he died young, but also because his handwriting was mostly used for the inscription list at that time, and the inscription list at that time was only engraved and not engraved, so it could not be preserved for a long time. Ouyang Xiu has deep sympathy for Shi Yannian, who died young, and his "Sacrifice to Shi Manqing" can be described as a word and a tear.
Shi Manqing has been proud of poetry and wine since he was a child, his appearance is magnificent, his poetry is strange, and he works in books, his strokes are strong, and his body has both face and willow, which is cherished by the world. The Yu family tasted the paper of Chengxintang after the Southern Tang Dynasty, and Manqing wrote his poem "Raising Pen Station" for Yu on this paper, and Shi Manqing loved himself in his life. So far hidden, the number is three unique, and the real Yu family treasure is also.
Second, Tang Xun
Tang Xun (1005-1064), a native of Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang), took his father Suyin as the general as the master of the prison, and Tianshengjian (1023-1032) should be edicted to dedicate articles and give Jinshi and the first. Knowing Changxing, Zhuji two counties, Wu, Gui, Lu, Hu Zhuzhou, tired officials to give things, out of Suzhou, Hangzhou, Qingdao three states, Bai Hanlin to study for a bachelor. It is good to collect famous inkstones from all over the world, and he is the author of three volumes of "Yan History" (a work of "Yan Record").
Tang's calligraphy is Ouyang Xun. This is fateful, after all, his name is destined to be associated with this Tang Dynasty sage. Zhu Changwen's "Continuation of the Book" said:
The handwriting is charming, quite a European book, rich in strange inkstones, non-fine paper and good pens are not in vain.
Huang Tingjian also said:
Tang Yanyou got Ouyang to change the number of books, and he thought about learning, and Yan You took the title of the book all over the world.
Tang Yanyou and Qian Mu's father (勰) all learned from Ouyang and deserved to be his likeness.
Tang Xun's handwriting is no longer missing, but his son Tang Kun (Zi Linfu) has a handwriting that survives, such as Tang Kun's "Letter of Consolation to Hu Zongyue":
(Part of Tang Kun's "Condolences to Hu Zongyu")
Careful examination, it is indeed full of "European" meaning. Since Tang Kun's calligraphy comes from family tradition, Tang Xun's calligraphy style can be seen.
Tang Xun's greatest contribution is the development of Qingzhou Black Mountain Red Silk Inkstone, which is now known as one of the four famous inkstones. It is a pity that his "Yanlu" has long been lost, otherwise it will provide a lot of precious information for the history of the Four Treasures of the Scholar's Room.
3. Su Shunyuan and Su Shunqin brothers
Su Shunyuan (1006-1054), a native of Yanquan, Mianzhou (now southeast of Mianyang, Sichuan). Yi Jiansun. In the seventh year of the Heavenly Sage, he was born as a Jinshi. Lifugou main book, Xianping Zhi County, move the palace in Cheng, know Meizhou. Repeatedly written Chen Yu's Western Xia strategy. In the third year of Qingli, he changed Dr. Taichang, mentioned Fujian Road Prison, and moved to Jingxi, Hedong, and Liangzhejiang Zhulu. In the first year of Huangyou, he knew Yangzhou and moved to the west of Beijing. He became a judge of the three divisions. Noh poetry.
Su Shunqin (1008-1049), the character is beautiful. Brother Shun Yuan. In the first year of Jing Yu and Jinshidi, he was the main book of Guanglu Temple and the Dali Commentator. In Kangding (1040-1041), the Hedong earthquake caused a clear sparse situation. In the fourth year of Qingli, Fan Zhongyan recommended his talents, and was the manager of Jixian School and supervised the Academy. Because his father-in-law Du Yan was the prime minister, he and Fan Zhongyan carried out a new policy, fell into the trap, and was removed from the prison for the crime of self-theft, and lived in Suzhou. Build the Canglang Pavilion and let go of the roar. In the eighth year of Qingli, he was reinstated as the governor of Huzhou, and died not long ago (apparently, he died earlier than his brother). There is "Su Bachelor's Collection".
(Statue of Su Shunqin)
The Su family is a family of eunuchs, and it is good to hide the famous calligraphy of the past dynasties. From Mi Fu's "Treasure Chapters to be Visited" and "Book History" can be seen, the Jin and Tang Dynasty relics, Wang Yizhi's "Fast Snow and Clear Station", "Orchid Pavilion Preface", Huaisu "Self-Narrative", etc., have been hidden in the Su family. Su Qi, the father of the Shun Yuan brothers, once wrote "Calligraphy and Painting", under the influence of such superior conditions, the Su brothers became the only figures before Cai Xiang.
However, the Su brothers are mainly famous for their cursive writing, and their cursive methods are derived from Huaisu, and Shun Yuan's cursive writing is now only seen in the "Miscellaneous Calligraphy" engraved in Wen's "Stopping Cloud Pavilion Post", as shown in the picture:
(Detail of Su Shunyuan's "Miscellaneous Books")
And Su Shunqin only has six lines added before Huaisu's "Self-Narrative Post", as shown in the picture:
(The first six lines of Su Shun Qin Huaisu's "Self-Narrative Post")
Su Shi and Mi Fu looked down on Su Shunqin, thinking that the calligraphy of the Su brothers was too fashionable. This is normal, because Xu and Su Shang were satirized by Su Shi's poems: "Turning the drunken and the two bald men, chasing the world to be called a calligrapher." He once dreamed of the king and the king, and vainly whitewashed and deceived the blind and deaf. It's like the city advocates smearing the blue and red, and the demon song and dance dazzle the children", it is not surprising that Su Shunqin, who is a student of Huaisu, has such a prejudice. Su and Mi rejected the wild grass at all, and their opinions were certainly not enough to teach them.
IV. Fumihiko Hiroshi
Wen Yanbo (1006-1097), whose name is Kuanfu, was a native of Jiexiu (now Shanxi) in Shazhou. The fifth year of Tiansheng (1027) and Jinshidi. In the palace of the former officials, he served the imperial history, the deputy envoy of the Hedong transfer, and the envoy of the capital, knew Qinzhou, and contributed to the defense of Western Xia.
(Image by Hiroshi Fumihiko)
In the seventh year of Qingli (1047), Zhiyi Prefecture summoned the privy deputy envoy to pay homage to the governor. To Pingbei Prefecture worship the same book under the door of the Ping Zhang. In the third year of Huangyou (1051), he was impeached and deposed, and he was sent out of the state army of Xu, Qing, and Yongxing. In the second year of Zhihe (1055), he was re-phased. In the third year of Jiayou (1058), he sentenced Henan, Daimyo, Taiyuan and other prefectures, and sealed the Duke of Luguo. Yingzong Dynasty entered the Privy Council. Shenzong opposed Wang Anshi's reforms. In the sixth year of Xining (1073), he was sentenced to Heyang and other places. In the sixth year of Yuanfeng (1083), he was a master of ether. Yuan Yu is changed, and the complex phase. In the fifth year (1090), the Taishi was restored. Loyal martyrs. There is "Wenlu Public Collection".
The Wen family has been honored for four dynasties, and he has been a general for 50 years, and in ancient times, there were not many nobles like him who were blessed and long-lived. His calligraphy can not only be called Zhu Changwen's so-called "heroic style", but what is even more commendable is that he has a warm and moist atmosphere that will not fade until he is old, which is a sign of longevity. Wen's "Bianhe Sticker" was written in the fifth year of Yuanfeng, when he was 77 years old. If it were not for the years, it would be difficult for people to believe that such heroic handwriting came from the hands of the elderly.
(Fumihiko Hiroshi, Wanghe Fan)
His calligraphy has a kind of sparse wind god who does not exceed the rules from the heart, and this wind god really has something in common with the Jin people. Although it is a little loose, the wind that is revealed in it is not comparable to the soft and vulgar calligraphy of wěi bèi. Lou Keyyun: "Lugong Hanmo is flying, which makes people daunted. ”
Fifth, Han Qi
Han Qi (1008-1075), whose name is Zhigui, called himself Gansuo, was a native of Anyang, Xiangzhou (now Henan). The fifth year of Tiansheng (1027) and Jinshidi. Tired of moving the right minister, impeaching and dismissing four people at one time, it was called the time. Western Xia anti-Song, served as the pacification envoy of Shaanxi, entered the privy council, and the deputy envoy of Shaanxi Jingluo pacification, and fought against Xia with Fan Zhongyan, and was called "Han Fan" at the time. In the third year of Qingli (1043), he was also appointed as a privy deputy. The New Deal failed, and it was born in Yang, Yun, Ding and other states. In the first year of Jiayou (1056), he became a privy envoy and visited the prime minister for three years. After Yingzong ascended the throne, he urged the empress dowager to return to power, enter the right servant, and seal the Duke of Wei. The gods are established, and they worship Sikong and serve in the middle. Spun out of the sentence Yongxing Army, Xiangzhou, and Daimyo's Mansion. Oppose Wang Anshi's reforms. Loyalty. There is "Anyang Collection".
(Portrait of Han Qi)
Han's calligraphy Yan Zhenqing.
In the Song Dynasty, Yan Zhenqing became more and more important. Emphasizing his book and taking him as a person, this way of judging is most fully manifested in Yan Zhenqing. Cen Zongdan, who was almost at the same time as Han Qi, said: "Zhenqing is as honest as Zhou Bo." "Han Qi as an important minister of the imperial court, and the two dynasties to make a decision to take care of the merits, his merits and the Han Dynasty An Liu Zhou Bo has similarities, due to the internal and external reasons of temperament and deeds, Han Qi and Yan Zhenqing have a sense of identity is very natural, therefore, it is natural for him to learn calligraphy Yan Zhenqing.
Han Qi's calligraphy is made in the first year of Zhiping, as shown in the picture:
(Han Qi's "Letter Post")
The whole post is meticulous, and it is very obvious that he has inherited the traces of Yan Zhenqing. It can coincide with Wen Yanbo's poem "Yuan Gong Kai Law is also Yan Tu". Han Shu is indeed rated as "strong and strong" ("Continuation of the Book"), but his knots are not broad, but have the characteristics of Ouyang Xun, no wonder Tao Zongyi said that he is "quite exposed" ("Book History Meeting").
Sixth, Liu Chang
Liu Chang (1019-1068), the original father of the word, the father of the Central Plains, the name of the Gong, was a native of Xinyu (now Xinyu, Jiangxi) in Linjiang Army. Qingli six years and Jinshidi. Nan Cao, the right Zhengyan, and the knowledge system. Sent to the Khitan, with a familiar knowledge of the geography of mountains and rivers, he was impressed by the Khitan. Envoy also, out of Yangzhou, Xiyun Prefecture and Jingxi East and West Road to pacify the envoy. He also recruited and picketed the prison in Beijing and repaired the jade, and asked for the Yongxing Army (or for its archaeological needs), and was recalled due to illness after a year.
What can be seen in Liu Chang's handwriting today is an excerpt from the regular script "Zhuangzi Qiushui Chapter". Mr. Cao Baolin believes that his calligraphy may have been influenced by Song Shou's "Dynasty Style".
Liu Chang grew up in the "Spring and Autumn Period", did not restrict biography and notes, and opened the Song Dynasty to comment on the Han Confucian pioneers. There are "Spring and Autumn Trade-offs", "Spring and Autumn Biography", "Seven Classics Biography", "Gong is Collection" and so on. He also co-authored six volumes of "Hanshu Annotation" with his brother and Zi Fengshi.
Liu was a scholarly calligrapher, and his achievements are worth noting in the study of paleographies. In addition, he was a pioneer of "field archaeology". However, this is not what we should focus on in the history of calligraphy, so it is omitted.
([Follow the pudding calligraphy history] No. 134, some pictures come from the Internet, the copyright belongs to the original copyright owner)