In October 2021, I went on a business trip to Baofeng County, Pingdingshan City, Henan Province, to participate in the "Party History Education in Language Textbooks" activity of the Chinese Chinese Modernization Society, and once talked to friends about the local cultural celebrities of Pingdingshan, mentioning that there is a Xu Yunuo in Lushan. In fact, at that time, I still knew nothing, only that he was a famous poet in the May Fourth period and one of the founders of new Chinese poetry. Lu Xun once offered to write a preface for him, and Ye Shengtao wrote a 10,000-word poem review for him. Recently, because I wanted to edit a commemorative collection of essays for my alma mater, Huaiyang Normal School, I learned that this poet originally had many kinds of fate with me, and suddenly felt so "close". First, he has twice taught at Huaiyang Normal School and is our predecessor alumnus. Second, he was an old friend of Ye Shengtao, a famous educator and literary scholar, who twice made a special trip to Visit Ye Shengtao at the County Fifth Higher Primary School in Luzhi Town, WuXian County, Suzhou, and had contacts with Gu Jiegang, Guo Shaoyu, Zheng Zhenduo, Wang Boxiang, and other literary and historical figures, and could not help but be in awe; third, he learned from the township sage Zhang Hengshi's "Teacher Xu Yunuo in Shangshui" that Xu had visited my hometown of Shangshui twice in 1930 and 1940, and his "Half Pot of Bran Paste" was created in Shangshui, and he could not help but have a "sense of locality."
One
Xu Yunuo (1894-1958), originally known as Yanxin, Zi Yunuo, With Character Line, Milk Name Yunzhi, Nickname Jianzhi, Pen Name Red Midge, Lady Red Midge, Lan Rotten Sheng, etc., in his later years, he called himself Ice Silkworm Old Man, Yunuo Old Man, etc., a native of Xuying Village, Lushan County, Pingdingshan City, Henan Province. Xu Yunuo was born in a farmer's family and is still mowing grass and herding cattle at home at the age of 11. His father, Xu Jiaofang, worked as a domestic servant in the family of Xu Jiaoshi, the owner of the village oil mill (a member of the Chinese League Association). In 1905, under the influence of the new trend of thought, Xu Jiaoshi opened a private school at home, and Xu Yunuo's father let his son enter the school at the cost of less wages. Xu Yunuo was diligent and studious, with a wide range of interests, and in addition to the Four Books and Five Classics, he was particularly fond of reading "idle books" such as "Zhuangzi", "Selected Writings", "Tang Poems", and Yeshi Yanyi, which was deeply valued by Xu Jiao's poetry. In 1912, Xu Yunuo was admitted to Lushan County Higher Primary School together with Xu Jiaoshi's son Xu Yanzhi. In 1916, he was admitted to the Provincial First Normal School of Henan Province, Kaifeng, at the age of 22. Since then, Xu Yunuo began to contact "New Youth" and other progressive books and periodicals, influenced by the new cultural trend, actively participated in the student movement, was elected as a student representative, served as a director of the Student Federation of 15 secondary schools in Kaifeng, participated in the organization of strikes, denounced the Beiyang warlords and Henan overseers Zhao Qian, supported the struggle of the people of Shandong, and suppressed Japanese goods. Because of the protests against the reactionaries' arrest of students, he once went to Kaifeng Nanguan Station to commit suicide on the tracks to warn the Chinese people, but was found by his teacher Ji Wenfu and his classmates. In 1920, he sent his novel "Conscience" to Guo Shaoyu, a special writer for the supplement of the Morning Post, and was able to publish it on Guo's recommendation, and from then on embarked on the road of literature. After graduation, he worked in Lushan Public Primary School (1921, 1939), Jilin Yuwen Middle School (1921 to 1927, three times in succession), Fuzhou Yinghua Academy (March 1922), Henan LinyingJia Sericulture School (September 1922), Xiamen Siming Daily (September 1923), Jimei Normal School (February 1924), Xiamen University (September 1924), Henan University (1925), Henan Provincial Fourth Normal School (Luoyang, 1926), Huaiyang Normal School (1928-1929, 1940), Provincial Second Women's Normal School (Xinyang, 1929), Qufu Normal School (1930), Xinyang Normal School (1931), Yantai Shandong No. 8 Middle School (1933), Luyang Middle School (1934), Huaiyang Henan District Rural School, Huaiyang Middle School/Huaiyang County Normal School (1935), Yantai Commercial College (1937), Lushan People's Education Center (1938), Shangqiu Middle School (1941), Nanyang Middle School (1943), Lushan Middle School, Huaiyang Middle School (1949), etc.
After the founding of New China, people have not forgotten this "hero" in the history of New Chinese poetry. In April 1950, Xu Yunuo participated in the First People's Congress of Henan Province, and after the meeting, he stayed in the Preparatory Committee of the Henan Provincial Federation of Literature and Literature and served as the director of the Organization and Liaison Department. In 1951, he attended the Central and Southern Literary and Artistic Workers Congress. In 1956, he joined the Chinese Writers Association. He also served as a member of the Henan Provincial People's Government Committee, a member of the Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, a member of the Standing Committee of the Provincial Federation of Literature and Literature, and a librarian of the Provincial Museum of Culture and History. He died in Kaifeng in April 1958. His mentor Ji Wenfu personally served as the director of the funeral committee, and Governor Wu Zhipu sent a telegram of condolences. After the memorial service, Xu Yunuo's son escorted his coffin to be buried at the foot of Phoenix Mountain in Xuying Village, Lushan County, his hometown. In 1994, on the occasion of Xu Yunuo's 100th birthday, Henan writer Li Wei wrote a couplet for him: "Enthusiasm is like fire; true and pure as a baby." In 2009, Xu Yunuo was named "60 Heroic And Exemplary Figures of Henan Province who made outstanding contributions to the founding of New China". In 2016, Xu Yunuo's former residence was a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit in Henan Province.
During his teaching at Huaiyang Normal School, Xu Yunuo also taught part-time at Huaiyang County Normal School and Huaiyang Chengda Middle School. Before and after liberation, he stayed in Huaiyang with his family and his family for five or six years intermittently (Han Shaoshi's "Remembrance of Xu Yunuo in Huaiyang"). Just a few days after the Mid-Autumn Festival in 1929, for some reason, the poet Xu Yunuo, who was taking a class, suddenly became emotionally excited, and left the lecture notes and left. As a result, the whole school was in an uproar, and teachers and students denounced the principal Jiang Fuzhi, saying that he had forced the new poet away, and some students even went on strike to protest (Xu Fengcai's "Yu Dafu and Henan"). It is said that Xu Yunuo ignored the school's regulations and did not quit, but in the end it was someone else who was condemned, which shows the degree of popularity of this "strange" teacher in Huaiyang Normal School. Zhang Hengshi's "Tribute to Xu Yunuoshi" represents the admiration and mourning of the people of Huaiyang:
The group pushed the Old Poet of May Fourth, and the liver of the sick lungs tasted bitterness.
Self-singing elegy contains blood and tears, and people sneer at the spirit of birth.
Good words have been rewarded by a lot, and good sentences have been invited to St. Tauchin.
I have been sitting in the spring breeze for three long years, and I am ashamed that I have no talent to pass on the salary.
Reminiscing about the past to avoid soldiers to the secluded forest, ancient and modern Chinese and foreign comments.
The new poem is tired of saying that it is appropriate, and the novel only pushes Lu Xunzun.
The island is thin and cold to sex, and the yuan is rough and white and vulgar.
Luyang West hope is difficult to find, where to find the rain and spring wind?
Xu Yunuo's works include: the poetry collection "The Garden of the Future" (Commercial Press, 1922); the short story collection "The Night Talk of Zhu Jia Tomb" (Henan People's Publishing House, 1958); "Selected Poems of Xu Yunuo" (Henan People's Publishing House, 1983, foreword by Wang Yao); "Selected Poems of Xu Yunuo" (People's Literature Publishing House, 1987, edited by Liu Jixian); and "Xu Yunuo's Poetry Collection" (Shangxia, Henan University Press, 2008).
Two
As a meteor in the history of New Chinese poetry, Xu Yunuo created more than 400 new poems, more than 30 novels, more than 20 essays, and 7 plays in his lifetime. His literary creation began during his studies at the First Normal School of Kaifeng Province. In January 1921, he published his first novel , "Conscience " , a supplement to the Morning Post " , and his first new poem , Impulse , published in the Shishi Xinbao Literary Magazine. The period from 1920 to 1924 was the period of his literary explosion. It is said that when it comes to it, it can be written into a collection of poems in a few poems a day, or even within ten days. In the past five years, he has written more than 300 poems, which have been published in newspapers and periodicals such as "Novel Monthly", "Morning News" supplement, "Literature Weekly", "Poetry" and so on. Zhu Ziqing edited the "New Literature Series" poetry collection, he and Hu Shi both have 9 selected poems. In 1922, the Commercial Press published a collection of poems for him, "The Garden of the Future", preceded by Zheng Zhenduo's "Prefaces" and later by Ye Shengtao's "The Poetry of Yunuo". In June of that year, Ye Shengtao and Zheng Zhenduo compiled "Snow Dynasty" published by the Shanghai Commercial Press, a collection of new poems with a total of 157 poems, including Zhu Ziqing (19 poems), Zhou Zuoren (27 songs), Yu Pingbo (15 songs), Xu Yunuo (48 songs), Guo Shaoyu (16 songs), Ye Shengtao (15 songs), Liu Yanling (17 songs), and Zheng Zhenduo (34 songs). The second volume of the Centennial Dictionary of Chinese New Poetry (Changjiang Literature and Art Publishing House, 2013), edited by Hong Zicheng and Cheng Guangwei, contains 16 poems by Xu Yunuo.
Xu Yunuo's closest friend in the circle of literary circles is Ye Shengtao. Through Ye Shengtao, he also got to know Gu Jiegang, Wang Boxiang, Guo Shaoyu, Zheng Zhenduo and so on. He and Ye Shengtao first met in the early summer of 1921, when he was still studying at the First Division in Henan, and Ye Shengtao was a primary school teacher in Suzhou. At that time, "correspondence and friendship" was popular among literati, and when they read good articles in the press, they wrote letters to the authors, and when they came and went, everyone became friends. After reading Ye Shengtao's novel, he took the initiative to write a letter to Ye Shengtao and sent a photo. Ye Shengtao saw that his face was pale and yellow, his eyes radiated a "mysterious light", "chaotic hair fluttering in the wind", and felt his "real simple heart". Guo Shaoyu looked at it and said that he was a "mystic". So Ye Shengtao wrote a letter inviting him to visit Luzhi. Although the two had never met each other, because they had been friends for a long time, as soon as the small steam wheel arrived at the dock, Ye Shengtao looked at them one by one, and went forward to hold a person's arm: "You- Yunuo?" The other party also shook hands tightly: "You------------------------------------ "That's what happened when they first met. Xu Yunuo was in Lufa for three consecutive days, and his master could not play with him every day, but he was accustomed to seeing the wilderness of the Central Plains, and suddenly saw the fields of Jiangnan, and he was barefoot, stepping into the kneeless rice fields, touching the bamboo trees on the creek, interviewing the peasant girls, sitting on the small stone bridge at the door, lying on the grave with wildflowers, and thinking it was particularly fresh and interesting. Ye Shengtao accompanied him to Suzhou again, because he was in a hurry to return to school for class, he entrusted him to gu Jiegang, a friend who was recuperating in Suzhou at the time, to help take care of him, and it happened that Guo Shaoyu was also from Shanghai to Suzhou, and the two of them visited Xu Yunuo at the "same to sanxin hostel". In the spring of 1922, Xu Yunuo sent his poem "The Garden of the Future" to Ye Shengtao, who wrote a poetry review for him, praising his poems as "fresh and true", "full of imagination and wonderful and thinking aesthetics". In July 1922, Xu Yunuo resigned from the teaching position of Fuzhou Yinghua Academy, and went to Luzhi to visit his old friends, talking about the situation of the rampant bandits and people in Henan' hometown, Ye Shengtao was shocked, and wrote a documentary novel "Fire", in which the "Yan Xinjun" was Xu Yunuo. Xu Yunuo was very touched to see it, and also gave a poem with the title of "Fire". Two articles of "Fire" were simultaneously published in The Novel Monthly, Vol. 14, No. 1, which caused a warm response. Xu Qiaofu, Zhou Fangxi, and Ah Ying have written articles one after another, which have become a good story of "literature of blood and tears" in the modern literary circles of the mainland (Shang Jinlin's "The Complete Biography of Ye Shengtao"). Ye Shengtao was a generous and simple person, and the idea of fighting and forging ahead touched him greatly. Back in Kaifeng, he excitedly said to his teacher Ji Wenfu: "My thoughts are all solved, and all are gone." Just because I saw the beautiful scenery of Gangnam. In 1923, Xu Yunuo was going to Xiamen to become the editor of the supplementary magazine of Siming Daily, when Ye Shengtao had already arrived in Shanghai as an editor at the Commercial Press. Because Ye Shengtao wanted to go to work, he rented a bicycle and took Ye Shengtao's son Ye Zhishan to play around. Ye Shengtao's friend Wang Boxiang recorded in his diary: "Yunuo came from Xiamen and lived in Huizhong. Come and go this afternoon. After dinner, I looked at Zhenduo and Shengtao, walked out together, and said goodbye to the door of Xianshi Company. Tomorrow he may move to Shunerli to live in Yaye" (January 18, 1924); "Yunuo sent me the supplement of Siming Bao, "Lujiang Chao", and read it, and those who reprinted "Literature" should be crowded out by everyone in Xiamen as propagandists of the Literary Society" (January 19). More than two months later, Xu Yunuo went from Henan to Xiamen and then to Shanghai to see his old friend, Wang Boxiang's diary: "Yunuo came from Yu, and after the museum was dispersed, he visited with Shuomin and Shengtao, and also went to Naiqian. Yu Nuo said that he was in the Longsheng Hotel, and he knew that he had misremembered and could not find it everywhere. Later, when Rong sheng visited, he first met. Because of the covenant together, drinking and talking. The conversation was very smooth, and they returned at 9 o'clock (March 4). In 1930, Xu Yunuo went to Shangshui to escape the chaos of the war, lived in the home of Zhang Hengshi's uncle Shuoqing gonggong in Wanggou Bridge, and wrote a letter to Ye Shengtao in Shanghai (Zhang Hengshi's "Xu Yunuo's Teacher in Shangshui"). In July 1957, Xu Yunuo wrote a letter to Ye Shengtao, pouring out that his son Xu Kui had been beaten to death as a rightist, full of teardrops and blurred handwriting. In June 1958, Ye Shengtao received a letter from Xu Yunuo's son Xu Xia, saying that the last words his father said before his death was to ask him to inform Ye Shengtao. Ye Shengtao wrote back: "I remember that when I first met Lord Zun, it was more than thirty years ago, and the situation at that time was vividly remembered. Later, I often learned about his situation from friends in Henan, knew that he was still well, and thought that there would be a chance to meet again, but now this wish has become a vain! This is truly deplorable. (Wang Yumin, "Xu Yunuo's Three Visits to Ye Shengtao") In the early winter of 1979, someone from Pingdingshan visited Ye Shengtao in Beijing's Dongsibatiao and learned that Xu Yunuo's son had passed away, and both grandsons were farmers, and that they were over thirty years old, and because they were poor or bachelors, Ye Shengtao wrote to Su Jinshan, chairman of the Henan Provincial Federation of Literary and Art Circles, saying: "Mr. Yunuo was an early author of new poems, and now few people know about it. I hope that the Henan Federation of Literature and Literature will write a biography to him through investigation and research; 'And through proper channels, if the poverty of his second grandson is slightly improved, then I will be grateful for Yunuo on his behalf'." (Ye Zhishan, "Father's Long Life")
Xu Yunuo's new poetry creation naturally caused a warm response in the literary world at that time. In the spring of 1921, Zheng Zhenduo, the founder of the Literary Research Society, personally introduced him to the Literary Research Society (No. 56), praising him as "a modern poet with a true disposition" and "the first of the new Chinese poets to sing 'his own elegy'". Wen Yiduo, who studied in the United States, wrote to Liang Shiqiu, who studied at Tsinghua University, saying: "The Garden of the Future should be considered a good product in its category. It may be comparable to "Stars". In a letter to his son Wen Jiasi, he also said: "Xu Jun is a writer with personality, and I said that he was the first poet in the Literary Research Society. Ye praised his poems for their "wonderful expressiveness, subtle thoughts, painterly techniques and appealing style." The writer Zhou Fobao (Zhou Fangxi) said that "his reputation was first above Guo Moruo.". Wang Renshu (a Ba ren) said that he was "really a great genius." In October 1923, Qu Qiubai read Xu Yunuo's "Ask the Shoemaker", "Real and can't stand it, it is inevitable to continue the mink", so he wrote "Oriental Shoes", published in "New Youth". In October 1935, Zhu Ziqing edited the "New Literature Series of Poetry Collection", selecting 10 poems by Xu Yunuo. Mao Dun edited "New Literature Series and Novels", which included two novels by Xu Yunuo, saying that he was a "talented author" and "between 1923 and 1924, his creative power was quite strong". In June 1938, Feng Yuxiang commented: "Mr. Xu is a famous writer, writing novels, writing vernacular poems, running education, advocating cloth, archaeology, studying medicine, tasting medicine, and doing anti-war propaganda with young men and women. ”
Xu Yunuo and Lu Xun are also a good story that people talk about. In 1923, Lu Xun repeatedly instructed Sun Fuyuan, the editor of the supplement of the Morning Post, to write a letter to Xu Yunuo, collecting Xu Yunuo's novels for publication, and expressing "voluntary preface". Xu Yunuo's great-grandson, Xu Shuailing, who taught at Lushan Yigao, analyzed that the main reason may be that the great-grandfather thought that the creation at that time was not very mature and did not want to publish it for the time being (Wang Chunsheng's "The Spiritual Home of poet Xu Yunuo"). Xu Yunuo later said in the poem "Always Sorry - Remembering Mr. Lu Xun": "Pack up the "Conscience" as a long preface, and entrust Fuyuan to convey the heart." Hate me for fear of being rejected by Mingwan, and only afterwards did I know I was sorry. In May 1954, Xu Yunuo wrote in an article recalling Lu Xun: "Ai Luo cursed the Narrow Cage, and Lu Xun sympathized with him. Stupidity is Yunuo, and it disappoints Mr. Yu's heart. The poem is appended: "In 1923, Mr. Lu Xun received twenty novels such as "Conscience" from me, which were intended to be published, and in a long order, and Sun Fuyuan sent a letter to discuss them, but I politely refused. On October 9, 1934, Lu Xun wrote to Xiao Jun: "I know Xu Yunuo's name very well, but I don't seem to have seen him. Because he is a poet, but I don't pay attention to poetry, I may not meet. Now I haven't seen his work for a long time, and I don't know where it went? ”
In recent years, Xu Yunuo has gradually attracted the attention of Chinese and foreign scholars. In November 2007, Qiu Jishou, a Japanese scholar of Xu Yunuo, proposed: "The great writer Lu Xun of the mainland and The 'Lu Xun of Taiwan' Lai He, the two Lu Xuns across the strait, have been deeply influenced by Xu Yunuo, a writer who is not famous in modern times after all." "(Lu Xun)" From the theme, content, imagery, writing techniques and even specific language expressions, "Wild Grass" can be seen everywhere (Qiu Ji collected "Lu Xun and Xu Yunuo"). In December 2014, Haiyin and Shi Daguan edited "Selected Poems of Xu Yunuo" published by Changjiang Literature and Art Publishing House; Xu Yunuo Society shi Daguan of Lushan County, Henan Province, edited and printed "Xu Yunuo Series". In May 2016, Qiu Jishou believed that "the value of Xu Yunuo's literature is higher than that of the current positioning in the history of literature." In 2017, Xu Yunuo learned to compile and print the "Xu Yunuo Research Series" (8 volumes), including "Xu Yunuo's Future Garden", "Xu Yunuo's Diary Letters", "Selected Readings of Xu Yunuo's Poems" (4 volumes), "Xu Yunuo of the Literary Research Society", and "Xu Yunuo, a great poet who loves the country for the people". In July 2018, the first International Symposium on Xu Yunuo's Poetry was held in Caiwei Pavilion, Langrun Garden, Peking University. The seminar was sponsored by xu yunuo society and Beijing Youth Poetry Society, and co-organized by the Institute of New Poetry of Peking University and other units. Xu Yunuo's daughter Xu Xilan (91 years old) and other relatives attended the meeting to deliver speeches. At the seminar, the Xu Yunuo Society awarded the first Xu Yunuo Poetry Award. Poet Chen Jiaping directed the documentary "What Kind of a Poet Is He", which reflects the new understanding of Xu Yunuo in today's poetry community, as Jiang Tao, a professor and poet of the Department of Chinese at Peking University, said: "How to turn Xu Yunuo into our contemporaries?" ...... How to activate this resource to respond to our contemporary questions, contemporary spiritual situation, writing situation? ”
Three
Xu Yunuo is maverick, different customs, eclectic, and a wandering skeleton, leaving many anecdotes. Professor Shang Jinlin once said: "Among modern writers on the mainland, Xu Yunuo's 'quirks' are far above Zhu Xiang and Bai Cai. Zhang Mosheng and Xu Yunuo worked in the Huaiyang Normal Language Group for half a year, and he wrote an article in "The Biography of Different Lines" (Oriental Book Club, 1946 edition) entitled "Remembering the Strange Poet Xu Yunuo" (Mao Defu edited "A Hundred Years of Memory - Henan Literature and History Materials", Volume II), which described Xu Yunuo's various strange behaviors. Here only two or three anecdotes of him are selected, which shows one of his temperaments.
1. Drop off
In 1922, when Xu Yunuo was in the Linying Sericulture School in Henan, he once went to the station to send friends, and when he was driving, he was very excited, so he boarded the train together. After passing through Zhengzhou, he still couldn't bear to separate, and went to Beiping together. After his friend went, he found himself empty-handed, so he had to use his clothes as collateral, found a most humble inn near the Qianmen station, and published a "job notice" for two consecutive days in the "Morning News" "Hundred Things Sold": "Xu Yunuojun is willing to be a literature professor at all levels, or a proofreader and various clerks in various newspapers, who can work ten or fourteen hours a day, and the monthly salary is only twelve yuan." "When lu xun zhou zuoren and two brothers saw that they were looking for someone to send the russian blind poet Ai Luo Xianke to Helsinki via Siberia to attend the World Language Conference, Zhou Zuoren went to the hotel to find Xu Yunuo, and he sent Ai Luo Xianke to Harbin, and then became a teacher at Jilin Yuwen Middle School. Tired of living in Jilin, I went to Fujian again. People often say, "If you send a thousand miles, you must say goodbye", but he sent it for several years. It was not until the Revolutionary Army's Northern Expedition to Henan that he returned to his hometown to learn that the school and his family thought that he had been "kidnapped" by bandits, that his daughter died of illness because he wanted his father, and that his wife was trapped in Luoyang and almost starved to death.
2. By train
When Xu Yunuo returned to Henan from Fujian, passing through Shanghai, the railway station was crowded with refugees, and he could not help but feel compassion, so he wrapped the 800 yuan plate he carried with him and sent it to the refugees. I have to buy a ticket and find that I have no money, what should I do? He thought for a moment: I don't have no money, I just give money to refugees! The more I think about it, the more I feel righteous, don't buy a ticket is nothing, get on the bus! So I strode onto the first-class car and sat down in a very dignified manner. When the conductor came to check the ticket, he stood up sharply, pointed to the bridge of his nose and said sharply: "Don't you know me Xu Yunuo?" The frightened conductor apologized: "Yes, yes!" I didn't know you before, please sir don't be surprised. So he took the train, changed the ship, changed the car, and returned to his hometown.
3. Anecdotes about Huaishi
While teaching at Huaiyang Normal School, Xu Yunuo had two hobbies that caused a sensation. One is to raise donkeys, and the other is to make clothes. One day he suddenly missed the donkey at home, so he sent his family to school, regarded it as a family treasure, and often invited colleagues to watch. Later, he felt that the donkey should work, so he bought stone grinding and wheat, and milled rice on behalf of the donkey, taking nothing, just for the donkey to have work. He raised cattle while working in Xiamen, and when he went to Kaifeng to attend the provincial people's congress, he also carried a sheep ("Luan Xing", "Remembering the Poet Xu Yunuo"). When he was in Huaiyang Normal School, he was once obsessed with making suits. First write to London, Paris and various suit stores in China, order machines and many samples, and then use Huaiyang's local coarse cloth for experiments, cut according to cats and tigers, and waste a lot of cloth. When the clothes are ready, develop customers among colleagues and students. Everyone was happy to spend a few dollars to make him enjoyable. Sometimes the collar is open, or the crotch is small, he does not say a word, the cloth is made separately, and a dress is often made several times. Occasionally, when he was done well and praised him a few times, he hurriedly shook hands and thanked him, and he also had to waive the wages.
The Chinese tradition advocates the "middle way", impartial, with the flow, hello me hello everyone. If anyone dares to do the opposite, has "out of line" words and deeds, does not take the usual road, and takes a unique path, of course, it will appear "different", that is, "weird", Xu Yunuo is such a "weird" poet. Those who do not know think that it is "neurotic", and those who know it regard it as "crazy" also. Confucius said, "If you don't go in the middle and go with it, you will be crazy?" In this regard, Ye Shengtao once had a very pertinent evaluation: "Mr. Xu Yunuo, a great poet of our vernacular poetry and the forerunner of the New Literary Movement, also has many strange behaviors that others find strange, and some of his stories, at first glance absurd, are actually timeless and profound. The interesting talk in the lanes of that year has become a good story in The Forest. Some people may not agree with his 'coolness' and his 'absoluteness', but I have always held an appreciative attitude towards this strange thought and behavior, and I think I can understand the philosophical references hidden behind the strange appearance. "In my opinion, there are two sides to everything. If we look at it from another angle and understand it from the positive side, "crazy" means radical, aggressive, and courageous to move forward. Qian Daxin, a Qing dynasty, said, "Twenty years old is not crazy, and thirty years old is still crazy and has not been out." "Foxy" means that gengsuke has a temperament and refuses to go along with it, so such a person will at least not do bad things.
Gu Zhichuan is a native of Shangshui County, Zhoukou City, Henan Province. Editor and reviewer of the People's Education Publishing House, researcher of the Institute of Curriculum and Textbooks, evaluation expert of the National Social Science Fund, and the original director of the Secondary School Language Teaching Professional Committee of the China Education Association, he has edited dozens of language textbooks for junior high schools and high schools, and published more than ten kinds of works such as "Language Curriculum and Examination Theory", "Language Tools", "Research on Chinese Vocabulary in the Ming Dynasty" and so on.