Today, on the commute every morning and evening, we are used to the picture of a crowd of people, each looking down at their own mobile phone screen. Many people are saying that the current fast-paced life makes reading "fragmented", and it is difficult to maintain the depth and continuity of reading.
In fact, in the Song Dynasty more than a thousand years ago, people have already opened "fragmented reading". For example, Ouyang Xiu has a record of "fragmented reading" in the Guitian Record:
Although Qian Sigong (Qian Weiyan) grew up rich, he had few hobbies. When he was in Silo, he said: "In ordinary life, I can only read well, I can read the history of the Scriptures when I sit, I read novels when I lie down, I read small words when I go to the toilet, and I don't taste the interpretation of the scrolls in an instant." ”
Qian Wei acted
"History of the Scriptures" refers to the Five Classics and the History Books, which were the most important books in the eyes of the ancients, so it is necessary to sit and read, that is, to use the whole time to read. As for the fragmented time of lying in bed and squatting on the "toilet", it is used to read less serious books, such as "novels" and "small words".
The "small words" mentioned here are also the "words" that we often say in later generations. In the general concept of the literati of the Song Dynasty, the style of "word" is still difficult to climb the hall of elegance, so Qian Weiyan will choose to read it on the "toilet". However, don't look at Qian Weiyan just using this "fragmented" time to read words, but he can also write popular lyrics. The following "Magnolia" has been praised by critics of all generations:
The scenery of the city is chaotic, and the smoke waves under the city are lapping on the shore. The green poplar grass rested for a few hours, and the tearful eyes and sad intestines were broken first. Feelings gradually became late, and Luan Jian Zhu Yan was shocked and changed. In the past, many years of illness were tired of Fangzhu, and today Fangzhu is afraid of shallowness.
Huang Sheng, a Song dynasty, commented on this article: "The words are extremely poignant. Li Panlongyun, a famous literary scholar of the Ming Dynasty: "The magic is conveyed at the end of the sentence." ”
"Dictionary of Words and Phrases" and "Supplements to the Dictionary of Words"
"Fragmented" time can be used not only for reading, but also for creation. As one of the eight masters of the Tang and Song dynasties, Ouyang Xiu once summed up his creative experience like this:
Most of the articles written by Yu Pingsheng are on the "three uppers", which are on the horse, on the pillow, and on the toilet. Cover this in particular can belong to Sihr.
"Immediately", "on the pillow" and "on the toilet" are actually "fragmented" time. However, according to his own experience, Ouyang Xiu believes that in these "fragmented" time periods, it is precisely possible to abandon external interference and concentrate on conceiving articles.
Speaking of the model of "fragmented" writing, we have to mention hong mai, a famous scholar of the Song Dynasty. Hongmai character Jinglu, number Rongzhai, Poyang people. The "History of Song" records that Hong Mai "read thousands of words a day at a young age" and "Bo Ji zai, although the barnyard official Yu Chu, the old man was released, and he did not dabble in hunting." The "Rong Zhai Essays" written by him, which went in and out of hundreds of homes, was quoted by the side and carefully examined, and was praised by the Siku Guanchen as "the head of the Southern Song Dynasty". And this classic academic work is actually the product of "fragmented" writing. According to Hong Mai himself in the preface to Rong Zhai's Essays:
To the old to learn lazy, not much to read, the meaning of what, and then Ji Ji, because of its first, there is no repetition, so the purpose of the "essay".
It can be seen that when Hong Mai first wrote "Rong Zhai Essays", he did not have an overall plan and conception, but just wrote it casually when he was interested. And the "Rong Zhai Essay" that finally appeared in front of us is also a short and concise account or discussion, much like our circle of friends and Weibo today.
"Rong Zhai Essay Certificate"
However, Hong Mai himself did not expect that his "Weibo collection" actually alarmed the Emperor Taishang at that time, that is, the Song Gaozong Zhao Shuo as we know it. In August of the fourteenth year of Chunxi (1187), Hong Mai entered the palace, and Song Gaozong suddenly talked about the "Rong Zhai Essay" while chatting, and said that "there is a good discussion". Hong Mai was surprised and delighted, and after returning home to inquire, he learned that it was the bookseller who had taken his manuscript to be engraved, and then circulated it into the palace.
Such a surprise made Hong Mai sigh: "The encounter of the scholar can be described as the most glorious." At the same time, Gaozong's praise also greatly encouraged Hong Mai and decided to continue to "serialize" "Rong Zhai Essays". Thus, five years later, in the third year of Shao Xi (1192), Hong Mai once again collected his essays from several years into a book and carved them into a "sequel" to "Rong Zhai Essays". In order to distinguish it from the previous book, Hong Mai named it "Rong Zhai Continued Pen". Since then, Hong Mai has worked tirelessly and has written "Three Strokes", "Four Strokes" and "Five Strokes". The "Rong Zhai Essay" mentioned in later generations generally refers to the content of the five parts from "Essay" to "Five Strokes".
Hong Mai was able to continue to "serialize" his "Rong Zhai Essays" thanks to his use of "fragmented" time. In the preface to the Three Strokes of Rong Zhai, Hong Mai says:
On the shore of leisure and loneliness, poor and happy, always grasping the pen and a few, and following the interests of the people, although there is no strange theory, but the meaning is immediate, but also very happy.
It can be seen that Hong Mai often uses his leisure time to write by hand, so he can swing it at will and write into fun.
Even after returning home, Hong Mai did not take the whole time to continue writing "Rong Zhai Essays". This is mainly because he devoted a lot of time and energy to the writing of another huge work, Yi Jianzhi. Therefore, the "update" of "Rong Zhai Essay" can still only be carried out in a stitch-and-needle manner.
At this time, the "urging" of a special reader played an important role, that is, Hong Mai's younger son Hong Wei. According to the preface to Hong Mai's "Rong Zhai Four Pens", his youngest son Hong Zhao was very fond of his father's "Rong Zhai Essays" series. When he saw that "Rong Zhai Essay" was slow to see movement, he often complained and urged his father, and even stood at his father's desk every day, and must wait until Hong Mai wrote an essay before stopping, and "although he went to bed, he was still on the side of a pillow." The follow-up series of "Rong Zhai Essays" was produced in this "fragmented" creation and reading.
Therefore, instead of complaining about the "fragmented reading" model, it is better to reflect on whether you are using fragmented time to do meaningful things like the ancients. As long as it can be reasonably arranged and fully utilized, even "fragmented" reading and writing can produce amazing results.