The development of ancient jade craftsmanship in mainland China, from the prehistoric period to the Ming and Qing dynasties, has developed and changed to a certain extent in all dynasties.
Burrow houses detail the characteristics of the development of jade craftsmanship throughout the ages, so that you can gain something through a short article.
First, the development of prehistoric jade craftsmanship
The history of mainland jade carving is very long, and the most primitive jade craft has been presented since the prehistoric period.
For example, although the shape of Hongshan cultural jade is very concise, it has a profound meaning, and some of the jade holes are carefully selected.
The shape of liangzhu culture jade is generally larger, the craftsmanship is meticulous, and the ornamentation is natural and smooth, such as cloud pattern, bird pattern and animal face pattern, which are exaggerated and abstract, and the mystery is full.
Although it was a prehistoric period, there were already several simple jade carving techniques such as yin carving, yang carving, circular carving, relief carving, and skeleton carving.
The emergence of these carving techniques has also laid a very solid foundation for the excellent development of jade in the future.
Second, the development of jade craftsmanship in the pre-Qin period
The Xia, Shang and Three Dynasties were important historical periods for the development of Chinese jade. There are very few jade artifacts handed down from the Xia Dynasty, and the jade excavated from the Erlitou site is very similar to the jade artifacts of the prehistoric Longshan culture period, which can be understood as the remnants of the Longshan culture.
The highest achievement of the Shang Dynasty jade is most representative of the jade excavated from the tomb of the woman. And at this time, there were even beautiful jade carvings.
The Zhou Dynasty's concept of jade changed even more. Jade was more personified. The concept of jade beide was deeply rooted in the hearts of the ancients at that time, and has always influenced the development of jade in the future.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the monarchs of various princely states also had a higher pursuit of jade. Jade is a symbol of status and status, but also a transformation of people's aesthetics.
At this time, jade carving was full of innovation, such as the use of the living ring process represented the highest jade achievements at that time, making jade more exquisite and colorful.
Third, the development of Qin and Han jade craftsmanship
Few jade artifacts have been unearthed in the Qin Dynasty, but from the results of the literature, Qin Yu has amazing artistic achievements, and many of them are rare treasures.
The Han Dynasty was the peak of the development of jade craftsmanship. At this time, it is not only a summary of the experience of the jade of the previous dynasty, but also the development of innovative ideas. Ceremonial jade, ornamental jade, ornamental jade, funeral jade, etc. have all performed well. Among them, the Mancheng Han Tomb, the Lion Mountain Chu King Tomb, the Guangzhou Nanyue King Tomb, etc. have unearthed shocking top jade objects, highlighting the artistic achievements of the jade of the han dynasty kings.
Fourth, the development of Sui and Tang jade craftsmanship
During the Sui and Tang dynasties, the development of jade craftsmanship reached a new height. The jade excavated from the tomb of Li Jingxun in Xi'an and the jade excavated from the cellar of Hejia Village are the best embodiment of jade treasures in the Sui and Tang dynasties.
These jades not only have the local style of the Central Plains, but even the jade of exotic colors is also reflected, such as the many well-known "beast head agate cups" and so on, which are examples of the integration of various ethnic groups at that time.
Fifth, the development of jade craftsmanship in the Song Dynasty
The Song Dynasty was a booming period for the development of jade craftsmanship. Due to the emperor's preference, the study of jade and antique artifacts were highly recommended. These jades not only have practical functions, but also have a strong cultural atmosphere. At this time, jade was on the road of secularization.
Sixth, the development of Liao, gold and yuan jade crafts
During the Liaojin period, which coincided with the Song Dynasty, the development of jade carving technology was mostly decorated with the hunting theme of nomadic peoples, and the nationalization was very distinct.
The highest achievements of jade carving in the Yu Dynasty are embodied in the large-scale jade carving "Dushan Dayuhai". This jade can be said to have shocked the history of the development of mainland jade, and it is the oldest large-scale jade in history.
In addition, jade hat tops, jade seals, etc. are also more distinctive jade varieties in the Yuan Dynasty.
Seventh, the development of jade craftsmanship in the Ming Dynasty
The technological development of Ming Dynasty jade is mainly characterized by the inlay of various gold and silver and gorgeous gemstones. In particular, the emergence of Lu Zigang, the first master of jade carving in the Ming Dynasty, also contributed to the development of Ming Dynasty jade and was remembered by history.
8. Development of jade craftsmanship in the Qing Dynasty
The development of jade craftsmanship in the Qing Dynasty has reached the highest level in history. The forms of expression are rich and colorful, and various character ornaments, Shanzi jade carvings, jade bonsai, antique utensils, jade jewelry, inlaid jade, etc. are exquisitely made and perfect, especially in the Qianlong period, which is the most prosperous period for the development of jade carving technology. After that, the development of jade craftsmanship gradually fell lonely.
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