Legend has it that Cao Cao maintained his military resources by stealing the graves of his ancestors during his lifetime, fearing that he would also be excavated after his death, so he built seventy-two suspected tombs in Linzhang County and Ci County, Handan City, Hebei Province, and left a "Testament Order" before his death: "Buried in shifu, buried in Xigang, Yizhi, similar to the Ximen Leopard Shrine." There are no gold and jade treasures. "Accomplished the mystery of eternity.
Funeral culture can be described as a major feature of the traditional culture of the mainland. As we all know, burial was popular in ancient China, when people believed that only by placing the coffin of the deceased in the loess could the soul of the deceased be sublimated and put into the next reincarnation. In other words, the fallen leaves return to the roots. Although burial was more popular in ancient China, this does not mean that it monopolized the funerary "market".
Due to the different economic strengths and cultural concepts of different regions, their funeral styles are also diverse. For example, cave burials and hanging coffin burials are popular in the southern region, tree burials and wind burials are popular in the northeast and southwest regions, and sky burials and tower burials are popular in ethnic minority areas. Leaving aside these various styles, the difficulty of holding funeral rites alone is already high in high school. Therefore, the funeral culture is quite mysterious in the mainland, which adds a special meaning to the traditional culture of the mainland.
However, not all coffins must be buried in accordance with the local style. Inner Mongolia unearthed a rare ancient tomb, the husband and wife nestled with each other, experts said: 1000 years, finally found. So whose tomb is this? A happy life and a happy family are the common wishes of most families. This desire was especially strong in ancient times, so some people proposed the idea of husband and wife burial.
In this way, it can not only show the unswerving love between husband and wife, but also facilitate the worship of children, which is a two-pronged approach. But there is also a saying that in ancient China, the concept of husband power was strong, and the husband and wife lived and died together, but it was only a confinement to the woman. Born as a human wife, and died as a husband, the implicit comparison of women to men's appendages reflects the low social status of women to a certain extent. As for the placement of the bones in the coffin, it is also very exquisite.
In ancient times, if there was a certain difference in the time of death between the two people, the woman had to be placed on the left and the man on the right. In modern society, this order is reversed, showing the effect of "male left female right". However, with the popularization of modern people's concept of freedom and equality, more and more people no longer force husband and wife to be buried together, but choose to hold funerals according to their own and their parents' wishes.
More and more antiquities appear in front of the eyes of the world, and the joint burial tombs unearthed in Inner Mongolia have made experts gain a lot. This exquisite ancient tomb rich in more than 3,000 funerary items was built in the Liao Dynasty and has extraordinary significance. It turned out that the people of the Liao Dynasty were rough, and even the construction manufacturing and anti-theft measures were very simple. The so-so mentality of the makers brought great obstacles to the archaeological research of later generations, and because the Liao Dynasty was not very proficient in architectural techniques, the tomb protection facilities were also pitiful.
Therefore, as of now, almost all the imperial tombs of the Liao Dynasty have been looted by tomb robbers. It can be seen that the excavation of the Mongolian husband and wife burial tomb is undoubtedly a heavenly gold. In this regard, some people even shouted: "1000 years, finally found!" "In addition, in ancient times, non-special women were not eligible to own an ancient tomb of such a scale. Even if it is a husband and wife burial tomb, the hostess does not necessarily appear in such a high-level burial chamber. It can be seen that the identity of the owner of the tomb must be unusual, which arouses the curiosity of experts.
During the inspection, experts found that this ancient tomb of the Liao Dynasty is rarely complete. Not only is the epitaph firmly engraved on the location where it exists, but there is no trace of a cave even around the tomb. This provides great convenience for expert action. Experts later found that the owner of this tomb was indeed unusual. From the epitaph, it is known that the hostess of the tomb is a princess of the Liao Kingdom, who was posthumously honored as the Princess of Chen Guo after her death, and was only 18 years old when she died, because she was deeply loved by her parents before she died, and her face was red and thin, so the tomb specifications were amazingly high.
As for the man who was buried with her, it was the princess horse, that is, her uncle. Speaking of this, many people may be surprised by the identity of the man in the tomb. How can a princess of a country marry her uncle, is this not an act of incest? For this question, historians have given a relatively reasonable explanation. Originally, the Liao Dynasty people's customs were rough, and they paid great attention to blood in-law relations, and the Khitan people were even more proud of the same clan bloodline, requiring that the royal bloodline must be pure, so the marriage of close relatives was quite common in the Liao Dynasty.
In the tomb, the bones of the princess and her horse are firmly dependent on each other, in the form of snuggling with each other. However, according to the epitaph, the two did not die at the same time, so the warm and full scene that the expert saw was nothing more than the goodwill of posterity.
Whatever the attitude of the ancients toward the burial of husband and wife, it could not hide their desire for a happy family. In a society of husband power, the joint burial of husband and wife is naturally considered to be the continuation of the marital relationship, but in the eyes of some modern people, this behavior is actually the entanglement of the husband and wife who are not in line with the feelings. Fortunately, the contemporary concept of equality and freedom is popularized, and more and more people can choose the way to bury themselves, which can be said to be a major progress of the times.
Resources:
"Testament"