Xining, February 23, China News Network Title: Qinghai's 90-year-old quyi folk customs "living dictionary" research has been unremitting for 70 years
Author Li Jun Chen Qifeng
Before the second day of the second month of the lunar calendar arrived, the "New Year's taste" in the hearts of the people of all ethnic groups in Qinghai has not yet dissipated.
On the 23rd, the reporter met Shi Yong, a 90-year-old man known as the "living dictionary" of Quyi folk culture in Qinghai Province, in Xining City, Qinghai Province. In good spirits, he and his friends played and sang, immersed in the unbroken "new year's taste", comfortable.
Mr. Shi Yong, who is 90 years old this year, is the deputy research librarian of the Qinghai Provincial Mass Culture Center, and has a deep understanding of the research of various ancient local music and traditional folk culture in Qinghai Province, and has written three national-level local music works and more than ten provincial-level works.
The picture shows That Shi Yong is still working hard. Photo by Chen Qifeng
In Qinghai, Tibetan, Hui, Tu, Sala, Mongolian and other ethnic minorities live in large numbers, and there are many kinds of local music and art, with a long history and colorful colors. Representative Qinghai Pingxian, Yuexian and Xining Xianxiao have all been included in the national intangible cultural heritage project.
Shi Yong introduced that the tune of Qinghai Quyi is beautiful, mostly ancient small tunes, the rhythm of the lyrics is rigorous, and the degree of poetry is high. The accompanying instruments are sanxin, yangqin, banhu, yueqin, erhu, "yue'er" and so on. Among them, the accompaniment flavor of "Yue'er" is unique. The so-called "Yue'er" is a small porcelain dish with a diameter of about 3 inches, the singer uses a chopstick to hold it in the left hand, and the right hand holds another chopstick to strike, accurately grasping the mood and rhythm of the whole song singing, the voice is crisp, and the local characteristics are strong.
"Most of the content played by Ping Xian and Xianxiao is to abandon evil and promote good, show the virtuous and filial piety, and persuade people's hearts. There are some tunes that can be sung by bands or listeners in addition to the singer, which is known as 'pulling a little bit'. It is characterized by a singing crowd, which shortens the emotional distance between the audience and the singer, and strengthens the sense of participation on the scene so that the audience resonates with the emotions of the singer. Shi Yong said.
The picture shows Shi Yong and his friends singing local music. Photo by Chen Qifeng
Shi Yong, a music teacher, began to study local music at the age of 20, and by the 1980s began to modernize and innovate local music in Qinghai. In the past, Qinghai local music was an entertainment activity after the folk tea and dinner, mostly improvised singing, and the singing form was not good. Although it has a high degree of recognition in the folk, Shi Yong has always hoped to make Qinghai's local music art go to the whole country, and has been committed to the stage and regularization of local music art for a long time.
"It turns out that our Qinghai flat strings and yue strings are all functions of self-entertainment, and performers do not require an audience or go to the public to perform. Later, we found a way to bring it to the stage. Shi Yong said.
From the 1980s to the present, Shi Yong has choreographed many excellent works that combine the conditions of Qinghai Province with the "old tunes and new words" of the times, and has toured the country many times. For example, "Tibetan-Chinese Couple Ben Xiaokang" and "Americans in Huangyuan: David Bo's Hometown". Behind these works, shi Yong's grasp of the changes and development of the times and his deep roots in traditional music performance are derived.
The picture shows the qinghai local music art accompanied by "Yue'er". Photo by Chen Qifeng
"Originally, the flat strings and crossed strings sang traditional passages, and now our traditional paragraphs are also sung, and the newly compiled paragraphs are also sung, and the 'ground stalls' are also sung, and they are also sung on the stage. We now advocate walking on two legs, with two modes running in parallel. Shi Yong said that Quyi emphasizes tradition, not only ancient things, but also closely follow the pace of the times.
Shi Yong, who is now in his old age, is still active in the frontline of local music and art, composing songs and filling in lyrics, writing and working tirelessly, and guiding countless excellent local cultural programs. At the beginning of this year, the husband was in poor physical condition, and he still hoped to be able to do some work within his ability.
The picture shows Shi Yong (third from left) and his friends singing local music. Photo by Chen Qifeng
"Continuous innovation, close to real life, close to the public is the only way to create art." Only by turning self-entertainment into self-entertainment and self-entertainment and preaching can we give play to the function of local music and art, which is what we modern music artists have to do, and it is also our great responsibility. Shi Yong said. (End)