Author | Fan Deng Reading · The clouds are light and the wind is light
Anchor | Fan Deng Reading · Jia Luo
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Dear book lovers, good evening
Welcome to Fan Deng's reading character column - "Stars".
Reading the Stars Shine · Experience extraordinary life.
One issue per day, welcome your continuous attention~
The protagonist who appears today is a figure as important as Confucius.
He left no writings to pass on, but was described by Cicero as "the man who summoned philosophy from heaven."
Let's walk into the life story of the ancient Greek philosopher - Socrates
It is said that Socrates was the Confucius of the West.
They have all fulfilled their historical mission and ushered in a new era.
Without relying on military violence and political repression, purely with a spiritual force, rational and thorough understanding of life, and leading to a new attitude towards life.
Socrates is a maverick, creating disruptive ideas to drive the world forward.
If you want to stay awake in a lost life, read Socrates.
Learn from his love of life, self-reflection, and the wisdom of living a wonderful life.
Only by knowing yourself can you know life
On the temple of Apollo in the ancient Greek city of Athens, an oracle is inscribed: Know thyself.
No one can understand this sentence.
Socrates liked to discuss philosophy with people on the street every day and was recognized as a wise man.
His friend ran to God to ask if Socrates was the smartest man in the world.
The god Apollo must have said that Socrates was the most intelligent man in the world.
The world was shocked, and Socrates himself did not believe it, he always felt that he was ignorant.
Socrates decided to go find someone smarter than himself and take him with him to question before God.
Socrates sought out politicians, poets, and craftsmen, and it turned out that there were no really intelligent people, some people just pretended to be smart; some people appeared smart only in familiar areas.
Socrates, after a painstaking journey of searching and pondering, suddenly came to his senses.
God says He is the wisest not because of how wise he is, but because Socrates knew he was ignorant and dared to admit it openly.
Many people spend their entire lives unable to recognize themselves and dare not admit their ignorance.
Through introspection and reflection, Socrates pointed out to the world that the greatest philosophy of life is not to read the world, but to know oneself.
Then change yourself, elevate yourself, challenge yourself, push the limits, and go on a journey to success.
The best people are yourself
In his later years, Socrates had a loyal assistant by his side.
Socrates called his assistant and said:
"I don't have much wax left, I have to find another wax and light it, do you understand what I mean?"
"Understand," said the assistant, "that the brilliance of your thoughts will be passed on..."
"But," said Socrates slowly:
"I need a successor of the finest, who not only has considerable wisdom, but also has full confidence and extraordinary courage... Do you help me find it? ”
"I'm going to do my best."
Socrates watched his assistant tirelessly search everywhere, bringing one after another, and he could only refuse one by one.
When the assistant returned again in vain, Socrates stood up and said:
"It's really hard for you, but the people you found are actually not as good as..."
Before he could finish speaking, his assistant interrupted him: I must redouble my efforts and find out everywhere. ”
Socrates could only smile and continue to be silent.
Half a year later, Socrates was about to die, but the candidate was still not found, and the assistant said:
"I'm sorry I've disappointed you!"
"It is I who are disappointed, but it is you who are sorry," said Socrates helplessly:
"Originally, the best is yourself, but you can't believe yourself, so you ignore and lose yourself...
In fact, everyone is the best, the key lies in how to know themselves, how to discover and reuse themselves..."
A generation of philosophers left forever, and the assistant regretted having spent the second half of his life with remorse.
This story is a wake-up call to people, if you want to live out yourself and aspire to success, you should keep this wise quote in mind:
"The best person is yourself!"
Only by expecting a little can we approach the highest happiness
When Socrates was single, he lived with a few friends in a room of seven or eight square meters, and he was very happy every day.
Someone asked: You guys are so crowded, what coke is there?
Socrates said:
Isn't it worth rejoicing that friends are together, exchanging ideas and feelings?
Later, the friends became a family, and only Socrates was left, and he was still happy.
The man asked again: You are so lonely, what is there to be happy about?
I have a lot of books, and a book is a teacher. How can you not be happy!
A few years later, Socrates also became a family, living in a seven-story building.
The lowest floor where he lived was noisy, dirty and insecure, and Socrates was still happy.
The man asked curiously: Can you still be happy in such a room?
It's wonderful to live on the first floor! Entering the door is home, no need to climb the stairs; easy to move things; friends visit, do not have to ask floor by floor... You can also raise flowers and vegetables, which is really fun!
A year later, Socrates gave the first floor to a friend to take care of the elderly who were paralyzed in the family, and he moved to the seventh floor, still happy every day.
The man came and asked again: Is it good to live on the seventh floor?
Yeah, going up and down the stairs every day is exercise; the light is good enough to write an article; no one interferes with it and it's quiet.
The less demanding, the more happy you are.
Socrates enjoyed the moment and was pure-hearted.
No matter what angle you can find the joy of being alive, and enjoy this happiness 100%.
The most effective way to educate people is not to tell people the answers, but to ask them questions
The secret of Socrates' education is to ask questions.
Socrates' three questions are:
The first step is Socratic sarcasm; the second step is definition; the third step is called midwifery.
A student asked: Socrates, what is good deeds?
Socrates asked:
Are theft, deception, and the sale of people as slaves good or evil?
Student: It's evil.
Socrates:
Is it evil to deceive the enemy? Is it evil to sell captured enemies into slavery?
Student: This is good deeds. I'm talking about friends, not enemies, though.
According to you, theft is evil for friends. But if a friend is going to commit suicide and you steal the tools he is going to use to commit suicide, is that evil?
Student: It's a good deed.
You say that it is evil to deceive a friend, but in war, the commander of the army, in order to boost morale, tells the soldiers that reinforcements are coming.
But in fact, there are no reinforcements, is this evil?
Student: This is good deeds.
Socrates was good at asking questions, and he was like a midwife, enlightening and driving thinking.
Under his powerful logic and clever questions, the answer is clear, and the reason is self-evident.
Question-based teaching, like modern brainstorming, is undoubtedly the most effective method of education.
A good marriage only brings you happiness, a bad marriage can make you a philosopher
Socrates has a lion nose, thick lips, bulging eyes, and is short, but his wife is very beautiful and has a hot personality.
At one point, Socrates was discussing scholarship with his students.
During the argument, his wife suddenly rushed in, scolded Socrates, and then ran out to bring a bucket of water and threw the water on Socrates.
The students thought socrates would be furious and scold his wife.
Who knew that Socrates calmly touched the wet clothes and said humorously:
I knew that after the thunder, it would rain heavily.
Someone asked Socrates, "Why would you marry a lady like this?" ”
Socrates replied, "Those who are good at equestrianism always have to pick a fierce horse to ride, and if they are accustomed to riding a fierce horse, it is not a problem to drive other horses." ”
Do you think their relationship is very bad?
In fact, on the contrary, Socrates' wife commented:
"My husband is a great and wise man."
At the last moment of Socrates' life, his wife came dressed up to say goodbye, and she said to Socrates, "It won't be long before I find you." ”
Socrates said affectionately:
We love each other. I'd love to hear you nag... I am waiting for you in Elysium and I will repay you for everything.
In other words, when encountering such a fierce lady, from time to time thunder and rain, fighting in the street at every turn, they have long been angry or scattered, but Socrates and his wife have lived a hot life.
It was Socrates who used philosophical wisdom to tolerate and influence his wife.
Socrates turned a seemingly terrible marriage into a rival standard love.
How many people in marriage, a good hand of cards played poorly, but Socrates played a bad hand into a king bomb, had to admire his wisdom and pattern.
No wonder modern people like to say: afraid that the wife may be able to become Socrates.
You can do whatever you want to get love, but keeping it takes wisdom
Once, the wife ripped Socrates' coat off her back in public at the bazaar.
Socrates' friend wanted him to return the favor, and Socrates said:
You all want to join in our quarrel and say, "Fight, Socrates! "Well done, Xansipa!" ”
Socrates actually has a mirror in his heart, he knows that others are not afraid of the stage when watching the play.
Some have provoked that the scolding of Xansippa (Socrates' wife) is intolerable.
Socrates said:
No, I'm used to it, as if I'm used to the intermittent clicks of a winch. And you don't mind the goose crunching.
The man retorted, "No, the goose brought me goose eggs and the goose."
Xansipa is also the mother of my children.
Socrates knew how to position his wife and amplify the advantages and benefits of his wife.
If we also learn from Socrates and often praise the virtues of our lovers, we can naturally live happily.
Xansipa allows me to learn to adjust myself to the rest of the world.
His wife loved him to the death, saying that they would be together in the next life.
Socrates lived a life of chicken feathers into a sense of luxury, and transformed a seemingly bad marriage into a touching love.
It turns out that the top wisdom of running a marriage is to constantly perceive and adjust yourself.
We want to be better selves and meet beautiful love.
Those who want to influence the world must first be able to influence themselves
Plato, a student of Socrates, had a cousin, Ge Laokong, who wanted to be a leader and liked to make public speeches.
Look at a self-motivated young man with ideals. But his knowledge and talents did not match.
The family thought he was so ambitious, and finally Socrates went out to enlighten him.
When Socrates met Ge Laokong, he shouted from afar: I heard that you want to be a leader, is this true?
Gerrang: I do think so.
That's a good thing. If you can achieve it, you will enjoy everything; shine in the court, add glory to the country; fame is widespread, and you will be admired everywhere you go.
Ge Laokong listened excitedly and stopped to talk.
Socrates took the opportunity to say: If you want to be respected, you should contribute.
Grünen: As you said.
Socrates asked him to talk about his intentions. As he pondered, Socrates asked him, how can taxes be increased? How can deficiencies be replenished?
Ge Laokong could not answer a word. It is even more clueless about governing the country.
Socrates enlightened him:
Governing the country and the family is the same, you first try to improve the welfare of your uncle's family?
Ge Laokong said: My uncle will listen to me, and I will definitely be able to help him."
Socrates laughed:
How? You can't even convince your uncle, and you want the whole of Athens to listen to you?
If you want to get ahead, you have to have extraordinary talent; super insight and skillful ability to deal with things.
The arrogant Gelugon was persuaded by Socrates.
He finally understood that if he wants to have an open and hanging life, he must be strong; if he wants to influence the people of the world, he must first influence himself.
There is no value in life without scrutiny
There are three big questions in philosophy: Who am I? Where did it come from? Where are you going?
These three questions include important propositions such as the essence of human beings, the value of life, and the goals of life.
Throughout his life, Socrates worked hard to reflect, create doctrines, and finally answer these three questions with his life.
Socrates felt that he was a gift from God to the Athenians, a cattle fly, on a mission to help people love the intellect.
He advocated "self-knowledge and ignorance" and fear of God.
He constantly dialectically, created doctrines, paid attention to people's ideological life, introduced people-centered thinking, and realized a spiritual revolution.
Socrates became the great founder of Western philosophy.
Socrates was unfortunately charged with contempt for traditional religion, the introduction of new gods, the corruption of youth, and opposition to democracy, and sentenced to death.
Friends and students pleaded with him to beg for forgiveness or to flee.
Socrates refused, and he eventually drank poisoned wine and died at the age of 70.
Socrates loved his country and revered ideals, and he did not allow the country and ideals to be desecrated in the slightest, so he resolutely chose death.
After a great trial, Socrates was executed by law in the name of justice. He bravely put his life on the altar.
Socrates ignored life and death, fulfilled his mission with his life, and left precious spiritual food for the world.
Throughout his life, Socrates examined his heart, burned himself, and lived an unusual meaning of life.
Click "Watching" and encourage your friends.
Author | The clouds are light and the wind is light: time is like wine, and the pen is slightly drunk.
Column Director | Cheng zi
Typography | Zheng to the north
Image | Some of the pictures in this article come from the Internet, invaded and deleted
Music | 《morning light》