01. Ancient tomb on the playground
In October 1975, when Fuzhou No. 7 Middle School was expanding its playground, it accidentally found the tomb of a 17-year-old noblewoman from 700 years ago. This daughter was the eleventh granddaughter-in-law of Zhao Kuangyin, the grandfather of the Song Dynasty.
A number of "shocking" fashion clothes were unearthed in the tomb, witnessing the luxurious life of this Southern Song Dynasty white and rich beauty...
After preliminary exploration, this is a three-dimensional brick chamber tomb. A 60-centimeter robbery hole was found in the leftmost tomb, and the left and middle two caves have been excavated and buried. Fortunately, the tomb on the right is intact and there are no traces of theft.
After the interpretation of the epitaph, the identity of the owner of the tomb became clear.
The owner of the unexhumed right cave tomb was a young woman named "Huang Sheng", and her husband (zhao and jun, the owner of the middle tomb) was the eleventh grandson of Zhao Kuangyin, the grandfather of the Song Dynasty.
It turned out that Huang Sheng married Zhao Youjun at the age of 16, but only a year later (the third year of ChunYuan was 1243), he died of a violent illness, and the 17-year-old noblewoman Xiang Yuyu died a pity.
On the far left of the burial chamber is Zhao and Jun's wife Li Shi.
02、 Southern Song Dynasty "Bai Fumei"
The reason why Huang Sheng is called "Bai Fumei" comes from everyone's understanding of her family lineage from the epitaph.
Huang Sheng's father, Huang Pu, was the head of the Southern Song Dynasty in the second year (1229) of Shaoding, and successively served as a high-ranking official in Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, fujian and other places.
Huang Pu and Zhao Shishu, the ninth grandson of Zhao Kuangyin, the grandfather of the Song Dynasty, were also disciples of Huang Shu, the first descendant of Zhu Xi, the great Confucian of the Southern Song Dynasty, and Zhao Shishu was the grandfather of Huang Sheng's husband Zhao Youjun.
This Miss Huang was born in Shuxiangmendi, grew up in a wealthy coastal area, with a dignified and knowledgeable character, and was already famous in her teens.
In the end, it is natural that his father and the Zhao family have a great relationship, and they have achieved a beautiful marriage of talents and beautiful people.
A story told in the epitaph more than 700 years ago was soon presented in the dazzling funerary items excavated from Huang Sheng's tomb – this archaeological excavation has re-acquainted us with the luxurious life of the aristocratic women of the Southern Song Dynasty.
03. Luxury funerary products
The archaeologists opened Huang Sheng's coffin, and the bones were relatively well preserved, and his head was covered with a piece of silk. He is 1.6 meters tall, has a waist circumference of about 60 centimeters, and has a well-proportioned body shape.
The bun is covered with gilt and silver noodles, two strings of rosary beads hang from the neck, a heart-shaped gilded hollow silver sachet on the chest, and a gilded skeleton pendant (which we often call the Kasumi pendant) that only the women of the imperial court are entitled to enjoy.
Although the woman in the coffin has been dead for more than 700 years, all the accessory details show the rich and luxurious atmosphere of the burial.
The epitaph records that Huang Sheng died a year after his marriage, so experts deduced that it was possible that he died of illness, but the reason for this is no longer known.
Judging from the rich burial items carefully prepared, whether it is the husband's family or the mother's family, almost all of them are buried.
A total of 436 artifacts were excavated from Huang Sheng's tomb, and 354 pieces of clothing and silk fabrics were completed, including 201 pieces of clothing and 153 pieces of high-grade fabrics and fabrics.
These precious Fabrics of the Southern Song Dynasty, except for a few carbonizations, are still well preserved! It contains a variety of fabrics such as luo, aya, silk, satin, yarn, silk, and silk.
In addition to the common types of robes, robes, vests, pants, skirts, bandeaus, bibs, and bibs, etc., women's intimate sanitary belts (similar to today's sanitary napkins, can be washed and reused).
It is understood that this is also the first time in archaeological history that physical hygiene products used by ancient women have been found.
In these exquisite silk fabrics, the appearance of a light and thin "bandeau" seems to be challenged by the impression of those who once had a "stereotypical and simple" impression of women in the Southern Song Dynasty!
This dark smoky peony flower vest weighs only 16.7 grams, its texture is light and soft, the texture is delicate and smooth, and it fits perfectly with women's skin as a close-fitting clothing!
According to the later recollection of the archaeologists, several young people who participated in the excavation were young people who had just joined the work, and when they saw the intimate costumes of ancient women for the first time, they almost blushed and were embarrassed to continue working...
In addition, there is a brown printed pleated skirt in the tomb, which is 78 cm long and 158 cm wide at the hem, transparent and light, with flowing pleats. The skirt is narrow and wide, and the hem is curved, like a folding fan, shaped like the "miniskirt" worn by women who love beauty today.
Whether it is workmanship or fabric and style, this weaving skirt is rare in the Song Dynasty fabric unearthed in China!
According to the research of relevant experts, the various costumes excavated from huang sheng's tomb are extremely elaborate in production styles, and decorative techniques such as mud, gold printing, gold sticking, painting, embroidery and so on have been widely used in clothing embellishment.
According to the epitaph, Huang Sheng's husband also died six years after his death. Thinking like this, for the death of his 17-year-old wife, this Zhao family must be devastated.
Since the two are door-to-door pairs, natural age will not be very different. Huang Sheng's husband Zhao Youjun was forced by family pressure, although he continued the Li family, but his heart still always missed Miss Huang Family of Qingmei Bamboo Horse...
Until six years later, the Zhao family prince was also depressed. The two finally meet hand in hand in another world, and the love affair continues.
More than 700 years have passed, and as this archaeological excavation unfolds, the most valuable "Song Dynasty Silk Treasure House" left by Huang Sheng to posterity has been discovered.
The name of this beautiful girl, which was originally only imprinted on the tombstone and the hearts of relatives, will be remembered by more people!
Light sarongs, red sleeves add incense, the beauty is still here, a song of heartfelt intestines...