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When the glasses were invented, there are different legends and records in various countries around the world.
Many books have a legend that as early as 2283 BC, the Chinese emperor used lenses to observe the stars, and the glasses were transmitted from China to foreign countries. According to Confucius (551-479 BC), glasses made of crystals and other transparent minerals were worn in China to shield the sun from the sun or to cure eye diseases. There is also a legend that the Roman Emperor Nero (37-68 AD) was very fond of emeralds (emerald is the crystallization of a noble beryllium silicone, which is mixed with chromium, that is, green), and he wore emeralds when watching slave fights.
Use lenses to zoom in so that you can see things clearly, the most primitive glasses in the world. In 1267, bacon was made into physical objects for reading the Bible, but it was not universally used. This object can be seen in the Venetian Library in northern Italy and in the Pisa Monastery.
Pin pins or riveting are the oldest spectacle styles in the world. The lenses are set in simple wooden frames, each with a short handle that rivets against each other at the ends of the two short handles. Since then, people have invented the use of legs to connect the two frames and fix them to the ears, but there are also belts or webbing to tie the glasses to the head. The inventors of such glasses were the Italian spinners and Arumadas. By the 16th century, the manufacture of glasses had been improved, and glasses were connected with a mirror bridge that was suitable for the width and narrowness of the nose bridge. Later, there were nose-clamping glasses, and then there were glasses that hung from the ears with the feet of the glasses. The world's first pair of such glasses was made by El Greco at the end of the 16th century. From 1840 onwards, glass glasses were used in Vienna instead of transparent crystal glasses. The process of grinding spectacle lenses was quite complex, and the technological development was relatively slow, and it was not until the beginning of the 20th century that correct imaging of spectacle lenses was available. It was made by Professor Abbe, Rohr, and Henge.
According to the excavated Shang Dynasty oracle bones, as early as more than 3,000 years ago, during the Wuding (1250 BC - 1192 BC) period, there were records of eye diseases, such as "Zhen Wang Fu Disease Eye", "Big Eyes Do Not Lose Sight" and so on.
Among some of the Zhou Dynasty oracle bones unearthed in The Zhou Dynasty in Shaanxi, the smallest text is only one millimeter square, the ancients did not have glasses, but they can carve such subtle and exquisite words, it is conceivable that the Zhou Dynasty's vision requirements for the oracle bone writers are quite high.
During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the ancients invented a kind of "magnifying glass".
In 1980, archaeological excavations were made in the Han Tombs Group of Ganquan Town, Hanjiang County, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, and the owner of the Han Tomb was Liu Jing, the ninth son of Liu Xiu, the Guangwu Emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
The tomb unearthed a cylindrical gold vessel - "inlaid crystal gold circle", the crystal was polished into a convex lens, with this inlaid crystal gold circle like a single piece of reading glasses, when reading a book, the text can be magnified five times, by the archaeological community as the oldest glasses in history.
Previously, it was widely believed that glasses were invented by the Englishman Rogge Bakken in 1268 AD.
In addition, in the tomb of Cao Cao in Bozhou, Anhui Province, and the tomb of Guo Jiashan in the northern suburbs of Nanjing, six convex lenses made of crystal grinding have been excavated.
It can be seen that in the Wei and Jin dynasties, the process of grinding convex lenses with crystals was quite mature.
Reading glasses are made from materials similar to mica stone and glass, which is a kind of fake crystal fired from ore.
In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the famous optical expert Sun Yunqiu developed the "eye-to-eye" refraction method, and the refraction of the lens according to the degree of myopia and presbyopia began.