On February 8, the preliminary evaluation of the 2021 National Top Ten Archaeological New Discoveries Selection was launched. After the voluntary declaration of each excavation qualification unit and the review of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, 32 archaeological projects were finally determined to participate in the evaluation, of which the Jiangxi Zhangshu Guozishan Warring States Tomb was shortlisted.
The Guozishan Tomb is a tomb of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty with a large archaeological discovery in Jiangxi so far. The excavation of the Guozishan tomb is a new breakthrough in the archaeology of Yue and Yue culture, and has important academic significance for the study of Vietnamese history.
Camphor Tree National Character Mountain Warring States Tomb
Poke the video to understand the overview of the tomb of Zhangshu Guozishan
In Zhangshu City, Jiangxi Province, archaeologists have earlier discovered a high-grade tomb from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, which has been excavated for more than four years, unearthing more than 2,000 sets of artifacts, including the longest kite and two bronze ge (halberds) with the inscription "Yue Wang" to date.
The site of the Acropolis and the tomb of Guozishan
On the afternoon of December 25 last year, more than 30 experts from the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, Peking University, the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and the Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology jointly demonstrated the archaeological excavation results of the Guozi Shanyue Royal Family Tomb in Zhangshu City, and announced it for the first time.
Guozishan tomb is the largest archaeological discovery in Jiangxi so far in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty tombs, the excavation of Guozishan tomb is a new breakthrough in the archaeology of Yue and Yue culture, and has important academic significance for the study of Vietnamese history!
According to the excavated relics and other inferences, the tomb era is in the middle of the Warring States period. The Guozishan Tomb is by far the largest archaeological find in Jiangxi during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. The tomb owner has a high status, presumably a Yue royal family noble.
The Guozishan Tomb is located in the southwest of Hongguangtang, Pengze Village, Daqiao Street, Zhangshu City, Yichun City, at the top of a hill about 300 meters west of the site of the Acropolis. The Acropolis was the central site of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in the Qingjiang Basin. A large number of city sites, ruins, tombs, etc. of the same period have been found around the city site, forming a settlement group with the acropolis as the core.
Since 2017, with the support of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, the Guozishan Archaeological Team composed of the Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the Zhangshu City Museum has carried out continuous archaeological excavations and research on the tombs and surrounding areas with the concept of settlement archaeology.
M1 tomb main coffin and funerary coffin
The tomb is an east-west zigzag vertical pit tomb. The tomb is surrounded by a nearly rectangular ditch. The burial chamber is about 16 meters long from east to west and about 14.4 meters wide from north to south. The chamber is rectangular in shape and consists of a cushion wood underneath, a base plate, and a perimeter side panel and cover plate. Nan wood is used in all parts of the chamber. The lintel cover is covered with golden veneer. The rafter chamber is divided into 25 well-organized chambers by partitions and columns. Seven coffins are placed in the rafters. Among them, the main coffin is a ship-shaped single wooden coffin, located in the middle of the rafters, and the other 6 funerary coffins are placed in the surrounding chambers.
Although the tomb was disturbed by early theft, more than 2,000 sets of artifacts were still excavated in various chambers. The types of artifacts unearthed in the tomb are mainly lacquered wood ware, as well as metalware, ceramics and jade ware. From the perspective of utensils, it includes a variety of categories such as ceremonial instruments, musical instruments, weapons, carriage and horse tools, and daily utensils.
The kite in the ceremonial vessel is well preserved, with a total length of 2.3 meters, which is the longest kite found in the pre-Qin period.
The national character mountain tomb was unearthed kite
The most important thing is that the two pieces excavated in the tomb are inscribed bronze ge (halberd). According to expert research, the inscriptions are "The One Who Killed Himself with a Halberd" and "The Eldest Son of the King of Yutai(?) Shou Zi Zha Yuan with a spear". The masters were Xuansun Fei (410-375 BC) of the Yue King's Gou Jian and one of Feng's sons, Bu (?). Shou.
Jerry (戟)
Bu Shou Ge (halberd)
The bronze dove staff sits in humanoid shape
Jade Dragon Phoenix
Clay pots and pottery beans were unearthed inside the niches
The excavation of the Guozishan tomb provides key information for the construction and improvement of the genealogy of archaeological and cultural sequences in the two-week period in Jiangxi, and at the same time lays a solid foundation for the final characterization of the site of the Acropolis and the discussion of the settlement layout and social structure of the two-week period in the Qingjiang Basin.
Two copper cups
In addition to the prominent Yue cultural factors, the Guozishan tomb also has a considerable number of Chu cultural factors and Qunshu cultural factors, reflecting the characteristics of the integration and coexistence of various cultural factors, which is of great academic value for the study of the Wu-Yue-Chu relationship, the evolution of the political pattern and the process of "pluralism and integration of Chinese civilization" in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty of the Jiangxi region as the "Wutou Chuwei".
Top 10 new archaeological discoveries in China in 2021
Preliminary evaluation of candidate projects
(Sorted by morning and evening)
1 Sichuan Daocheng Piluo ruins
2 Gansu Zhangjiachuan 圪垯川 ruins
3 Shanxi Yuncheng Xia County Division Village Ruins
4 Ningxia Longde Zhoujiazuitou ruins
5Gangshang Ruins in Tengzhou, Shandong
6 Henan Nanyang Huangshan Ruins
7 Hunan LiXian Chicken City Ruins
8 Zhejiang Yuyao Shi'ao ruins
9 Guangdong Huangpu Pitouling Ruins
10 Guangdong Zengcheng Jinlan Temple ruins
11 Sichuan Guanghan Sanxingdui ruins sacrifice area
12 Henan Anyang Taojiaying site
13 Zhejiang Yuhang Jumping Head Ruins
14 Shaanxi Baoji Zhouyuan ruins
15 Zhejiang Qujiang West Zhou high-grade mound tomb group
16 Shanxi Yuanqu North White Goose Cemetery
17 Shandong Linzi Qi Ancient City Small City Outside the West Gate Building Site Group
18 Jiangxi Zhangshu Guozishan Warring States Tomb
19 Hubei Yunmeng Zhengjiahu Cemetery
20 Guizhou Pu'an Dapo ruins
21 Shandong Qingdao Langyatai Ruins
22 Shaanxi Xi'an Baqiao Jiangcun Tomb
23 Inner Mongolia Sunit Right Banner JihuLangtu Xiongnu Tomb Group
24 Ruins of the Southern Dynasty Buddhist Temple in Xiying Village, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province
25 Gansu Wuwei Tang Dynasty Tuguhun royal family tomb group
26 Tibet Lhasa Dangxiong Cemetery
27 Xinjiang Yulikk Kuduk Beacon Site
28 Hebei Zhengding Kaiyuan Temple South Ruins
29 Shaanxi Xianyang Hongduyuan tomb group
30 Heilongjiang Acheng Jinshangjing Ruins
31 Shandong Jinan Yuan Dynasty Guo family cemetery
32 Anhui Fengyang Ming capital city ruins
Source: Jiangxi Release Comprehensive CCTV News Client, People's Daily, Wenbo China, etc
Editor: Xu Lin
Jiangxi has a long history and culture
Rich in underground treasures!
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