On the eighth day of the Chinese New Year, the day after the official resumption of work, I wish you all a haircut! To this day, presumably many "returning migrant workers" have experienced the high-speed traffic jam before and after the Spring Festival every year, Xiaobian shared his own experience, my hometown is about six hundred kilometers away from the work place, along the way more populous provinces, so every year the Spring Festival driving home on the road, traffic jam is bound to have a program, short as an hour or so, long is more than two hours, serious when the highway is a large parking lot, blocked to people without temper can come down to play badminton for half an hour.
What's the most upsetting thing about this time? Is it that navigation maps always provide limited information, and I can't be sure how long this road will be blocked? I don't know exactly what happened earlier. I don't know if it is better to turn to the provincial road at the nearest highway after the road is slightly dredged, or to continue to walk along the highway? In short, it is a variety of vague information that is put together, making it difficult to make the most favorable response.
Imagine if this is a smart road in a smart city, all the traffic participants on this road can do information exchange, every car and every passenger can have a clear and real-time grasp of the road information in front of them, not to mention that there will be no traffic jams, even if how to deal with traffic jams is also clearly arranged, everyone's mentality will be much better.
Today, the smart road of this smart city is exactly the direction we are pursuing, which is V2X. In the future, the high-level automatic driving system relying on bicycle intelligence can alleviate the pressure of a single vehicle driver himself, but as the entire traffic environment, V2X that takes the vehicle-road coordinated route will be the final solution to intelligent transportation.
What is V2X?
So what is V2X first? V2X technology, also known as vehicle wireless communication technology, refers to the information exchange technology between the car and the outside world, V represents the vehicle, and X represents the road, people, vehicles, networks and all the external devices that can be connected. Compared to bicycle intelligence, V2X vehicle-to-road collaboration is a complex system solution.
In fact, based on the different communication methods between the traffic participation units, V2X is also divided into two kinds, the current domestic government and automobile manufacturers the main development route, is to use the cellular network as a V2X communication technology, that is, we often mention C-V2X.
C refers to cellular (Cellular), which is a vehicle wireless communication technology based on the evolution of cellular network communication technologies such as 3G/4G/5G. On the other hand, the DSRC route has now been gradually marginalized, and we are only talking about C-V2X (V2X for short).
At present, C-V2X contains 4G and 5G communication technology applications, 5G has the greatest empowerment, 5G has low latency, high reliability, high applicability and other characteristics, and V2X, although X represents everything, but also subdivided into specific categories, between cars and vehicles (V2V), between cars and roads (V2I), between cars and people (V2P), between cars and networks (V2N) interaction.
So what are the advantage scenarios for V2X applications?
First of all, through the V2X "interconnection" between the vehicle itself and different traffic participants, that is, it can improve traffic safety, traffic efficiency, etc. in different scenarios, especially in some commercial-specific scenarios, such as scenic spots, mines, and port scenic spots, V2X can take the lead in realizing the application of small-scale scenarios.
In the daily traffic environment, for example, we all know that when driving through traffic light intersections, we must slow down, but in the actual driving process, especially when encountering traffic light intersections without seconds, how much you need to slow down is the best choice, although different drivers have different judgments, but this also reduces the traffic efficiency.
With the help of C-V2X, when the vehicle is about to arrive at the intersection, the vehicle can directly obtain the traffic light data in front of it through V2N or V21, and finally give the recommended speed, especially when this function is combined with ADAS, which can greatly improve the traffic efficiency in the actual traffic environment.
Through the communication between V2P vehicles and people, vehicles can perceive the behavior of pedestrians suddenly crossing the road, especially the behavior of some "ghost probes", which greatly improves the safety of narrow road driving. Another example is V2V or V2N, when the highway is caused by some unexpected traffic jams, the rear traffic participants can also clearly grasp the specific situation of the event point to make more powerful choices. In short, at present, the application of V2X technology in different scenarios can be directly reflected in more than ten functions on the car side.
Previously, during the 2021 World Internet of Things Expo, Audi demonstrated L4 automatic driving in Wuxi that integrates V2X signals in 13 use scenarios under the open road, such as the automatic deceleration of pedestrians based on portable device sensing, the automatic deceleration of the sudden crossing of the road warning signal, the prohibition area based on the roadside unit, the early warning of thrown objects in the construction area, and so on.
Among them, the Audi A7L and Audi A6L will be the first to be equipped with 5G communication modules from Huawei, and the three new C-V2X functions will also be reflected in these two models.
However, there is a noteworthy detail in the display process, Audi's traffic signal information system is based on V2N, that is, the vehicle obtains data through the mobile network and the cloud communication platform, rather than the V2I vehicle communicates directly with the roadside infrastructure, that is, the signal light.
In the future, a cloud data center in the V2X system may be able to aggregate the information of all the roadside units in the entire road section, with the ability to efficiently command each specific vehicle, and the roadside unit will only play the role of an information uploader in the V2X system, and in this entire system, whether it is a vehicle, a roadside unit or other traffic participants are similar to the identity of only a chess piece.
At this stage, whether it is a vehicle with high-level assisted driving function equipment in the future, it may be able to enjoy the same technological benefits as long as it has V2X communication technology.
What benefits will V2X technology bring to the development of the entire intelligent transportation environment?
Improving the safety redundancy of future driver assistance systems is conducive to solving the extreme scenarios that high-level driver assistance systems may face.
Increase the difficulty of high-level assisted driving and reduce the cost of intelligent assisted driving of bicycles in the future
Technology equality, the expensive cost of software and hardware for bicycle smart routes may only allow a small number of high-end models to enjoy the benefits of smart travel, V2X can allow more models in the traffic environment to enjoy technological benefits.
Data security is guaranteed at the source, V2X vehicles connect everything, road information is mostly summarized and output by infrastructure, and roadside infrastructure is under government control.
Improve the traffic efficiency of the overall traffic environment
Robottaxi
At present, in addition to Audi, there are many manufacturers have begun to layout in the V2X field, such as Ford, in the ford V2X landing scene, "traffic light" is also the first landing scene, such as on EVOS, the traffic light working state of the road ahead can be directly transmitted to the EVOS car machine, when the red light turns green, evos car machine also has a light reminder function.
The Ford "traffic light" vehicle-road collaboration, is also based on the existing 4G cellular network of the "car-road-cloud" communication mode, through the urban intelligent network cloud control platform as the center, to achieve two-way information interaction between the car and the road, in Ford China's view, before 2025, there will be 50% of the new cars in the industry equipped with V2X system.
At present, Ford's vehicle coordination system has covered three domestic cities, including Wuxi, Changsha and Guangzhou, and Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, is the first national pilot demonstration area of intelligent transportation comprehensive test base in China.
In addition to Shanghai, Shenzhen and other places, there are currently 4 national-level vehicle networking pilot zones in China, more than 10 provinces, autonomous regions and cities across the country have introduced work arrangements related to the Internet of Vehicles, and more than 20 cities and a number of highways have carried out the transformation and upgrading of the V2X Internet of Vehicles.
At the same time, according to the data of ICVTank, a professional think tank for autonomous driving, it is expected that by 2022, the overall global V2X market size is expected to exceed 165 billion US dollars, of which the overall market size of China's V2X is expected to reach 50 billion US dollars. In view of the fact that the construction of domestic 5G base stations has accounted for more than 60% of the world, C-V2X relying on infrastructure construction will also usher in an outbreak in China.