The Year of the Tiger is coming soon! When wishing New Year's greetings to friends in the Northeast, be cautious. In the northeast, "tiger" is an insulting word.
What about you?
Look at your tiger x-like!
How did a huge carnivore, imposing, become a curse? Today we are going to talk about Tiger, Sloppy tiger and Biao, the three fools on this tiger vine. At the end of the article, there are fill-in-the-blank questions that test the reading effect, so don't miss it.
Tiger = reckless
Tigers are fierce. "Fierce" is said to be pejorative and reckless. In Xiamen dialect, "tiger" can be derogatory to people who do things recklessly, for example, "big eating tiger" is a guy who eats wildly, and "physiological tiger" is a person who risks doing big business. [2]
Recklessness can give people a feeling of not being very smart, so in the Northeast mandarin, "tiger" can both mean recklessness and further blur the meaning of stupidity. [3] "He is a true tiger" can be generally referred to as "he is really stupid". Heilongjiang also has a post-break phrase, "One tiger pulls two tigers - the [4] of the tiger car", which also refers to the lack of heart and eyes.
"Sloppy" = confused
All roads lead to Rome, and the "tiger" has another shortcut to stupidity. This extended path is represented by "sloppy".
"Sloppy" was written in many ways in the early days. For example, in the late Qing Dynasty, there were "four major condemnation novels", of which the ninety-second time in "The Strange Situation Witnessed in Twenty Years" used this word, which was written as "Ma Paste"[5]; the word was mentioned again one hundred and four times, and the writing became "Mo Paste" [6].
Another condemnation novel, The Old Remnant's Travels, also wrote the word in the fifth chapter, which I couldn't type out, the second word was still "paste", and the first word was a rice word with a "horse" next to it.
In 1810, a textbook that helped Cantonese people learn the official dialect, "Outline of Zhengyin", listed "ma ma paste" and "clear and clear" together. [8] 丨 "Zhengyin Summary" book shadow, "Ming and Qing Colloquial Dictionary Integration" photocopied Xuehuazhai journal.
The writing of "sloppy" did not come into being until almost the Republic of China period. Professor Liu Ruiming, a linguist, believes that one of the main reasons for the popularity of "sloppy" is "hidden and interesting writing", which translates into the vernacular: fun! [9]
The appearance of these two animals, horses and tigers, is purely unlucky. There are also rabbits that are unlucky together: Shandong Muping dialect has the term "two tiger rabbits", which is also used to scold people stupidly and confusedly. [11] Linguist Professor Yang Lin considers it to be a vivid form of "two confusions". [12]
Orion: I always feel that in the Year of the Horse, you will still say this thing 丨giphy
Incidentally, the Chinese words "two" and "eight" also have silly meanings, so there are also a set of swear words in the Northeast dialect, such as "huba", "tiger twitter", "tiger laba", "two tiger eight twitter", "two tiger eight deng"[13][14][15][16] and so on. Professor Yang Lin proposed that the "tiger" here can also be pronounced "five", such as Beijing dialect, Taiyuan dialect, Yancheng dialect is sweary and clumsy, can be called "two five eight"; Shanxi Zhongyang dialect expresses this meaning to say "two eight five"; Jianghuai official dialect is called "eight five". The reinsertation of "eight" is changed to "hundred", and "two hundred and five" is shining. [17]
In fact, "sloppy" can change again, and it can also conjure up a long list of swear words. To name a few, there are "Horse Dance" (Xinzhou), "Two Horses and One Tiger" (Northeast), "Hu's Mother" (Wuhan), and the famous "Ma Daha" (Beijing). [18]
Biao, it could be...
The original meaning of "Biao" is the pattern on the tiger's body, and the explanation of it in the Shuowen Jiezi is "Tiger Wenye". Later, people also used "Biao" to refer to tigers, such as the "Biao-shaped" of "Biao-shaped Big Man", which means that the shape is fierce like a tiger.
In today's Northeast Dialect and Jiaoliao Dialect, "Biao" also has a silly meaning. [19] At first glance, "tiger" has both tiger and silly meanings; "Biao" also has tiger meanings, and these two words can be put together silly, and the relationship is self-evident.
Silly? Tigers are, after all, cats! 丨giphy
However, some scholars have proposed another possibility.
Hao Yixing, a famous scholar of the Qing Dynasty, recorded in volume 17 of his "Evidence and Folklore": "Hangzhou is called a rough and stupid person known as 'Yuzi'. Side note: "The same is true of the present Kyoshi language." Tone 'logo'. From this point of view, "Biaozi" may not have written "Biao" at the beginning, but "Biaozi". Professor Yang Lin believes that the stupid and stupid "Biao" and "杓" may be differentiated from "dick", because the latter is indecent and must be avoided by means of tone rotation. [20]
In the Qing Dynasty, the word "Biao" may have been written in the Form of "杓" and "慓"
Of course, the lack of "tiger" and "biao" account for only a small part of the use case. In most contexts of most dialects, they are fierce pronouns. Don't break the law, don't collapse the house, tigers and tigers are a good example.
I don't know if everyone has learned it, so we invited the authentic Northeast colleagues to fill in the blanks, and everyone came to do it.
Xiao Wang was walking on the road and saw the two people running in front of one and chasing after the other. He thought that the owner had caught the thief, and he kicked someone down when he went up. Later, I learned that the man in front of him had dropped something on the ground when he was running in the morning, and the man in the back was going to return it to him.
Please fill in the blanks with "Tiger", "Sloppy" and "Biao".
A, Xiao Wang is really ________
B, the person who lost something is really ______
C, the person in the back shouted "you stop me" while chasing, scaring the person in front of me to run faster. The people in the back are really ________
Key references
[1] Xiao Xuan, "Jin Louzi", "New Series Of Books", Vol. 2, Taipei: New Wenfeng Publishing Co., Ltd., 1985: 54.
[2] Li Rong, ed., Modern Chinese Dialect Dictionary (six volumes), Nanjing: Jiangsu Education Press, 2002: 2199.
[3] Xu Baohua and Ichiro Miyata, eds., The Great Dictionary of Chinese Dialects, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 1999: 3336.
[4] Xu Baohua and Ichiro Miyata, eds., The Great Dictionary of Chinese Dialects, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 1999: 3338.
[5] Wu Woyao, "Embroidery Imitation of the Song Dynasty Complete Book of the Strange Situation Witnessed in Twenty Years", Shanghai: Guangyi Bookstore, 1948: 206.
[6] Wu Woyao, "Embroidered Imitation of the Song Dynasty Complete Book of the Strange Situation Witnessed in twenty years, Volume II", Shanghai: Guangyi Bookstore, 1948: 286.
[7] Liu Yan, "The Travels of the Old Remnants of the Fine School Without Leakage and Annotation", Shanghai: Baixin Company, 1916: (5) 1.
[8] Gao Jingting, "Summary of Zhengyin", Ming and Qing Colloquial Dictionary Integration, Vol. II, Shanghai: Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1989: 1408.
[9] Liu Ruiming, "The Harmonic Sounds of "Horse" and "Dog" Show Interesting Words", Journal of Ningxia University (Humanities and Social Sciences Edition), 2002(02):58.
[10] Zhou Zuoren, "Fuzzy", "Miscellaneous Notes of Bitter Bamboo", Shijiazhuang: Hebei Education Publishing House, 2002: 131-134.
[11] Li Rong, ed., Modern Chinese Dialect Dictionary (six volumes), Nanjing: Jiangsu Education Press, 2002: 79.
[12] Yang Lin, Etymology Research on Chinese Colloquialisms, Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2020: 358.
[13] Xu Baohua and Ichiro Miyata, eds., The Great Dictionary of Chinese Dialects, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 1999: 3336.
[14] Xu Baohua and Ichiro Miyata, eds., The Great Dictionary of Chinese Dialects, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 1999: 3337.
[15] Xu Baohua and Ichiro Miyata, eds., The Great Dictionary of Chinese Dialects, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 1999: 3339.
[16] Xu Baohua and Ichiro Miyata, eds., The Great Dictionary of Chinese Dialects, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 1999: 97.
[17] Yang Lin, Etymology Research on Chinese Colloquialisms, Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2020: 361-363.
[18] Liu Ruiming, "The Harmonic Sounds of "Horse" and "Dog" Show Interesting Words", Journal of Ningxia University (Humanities and Social Sciences Edition), 2002(02):58-59.
[19] Xu Baohua and Ichiro Miyata, eds., The Great Dictionary of Chinese Dialects, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 1999: 5403.
[20] Yang Lin, Etymology of Chinese Colloquialisms, Beijing: The Commercial Press 2020: 186-187.
Author: Cleaner
Question: luna
Editor: Li Xiaokui
An AI
I wish you a tiger in the Year of the Tiger! I wish you no tiger in the Year of the Tiger!
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