The spring tide spreads good news, and the tiger year reports good news.
The Spring Festival is the most grand and distinctive traditional festival of the year in Chinese. It is full of red fire, everywhere is lively and lively, and the annual taste is rich and interesting. There are endless stories and endless customs.
It's almost the New Year, so we went to the sub-center of Beijing to look for the strong New Year flavor along the Grand Canal. Historically, the Spring Festival here has gathered flowers, such as the Canal Dragon Lantern Club, the Liersi Car Club, the Xuguantun Street Lamp Old Club, the Dasongfa Stilt Society, the Half-Cut River Wu Stilt Society... In that unique and lively flower party, people's hopes and hopes for the New Year were full of hopes.
Canal Dragon Lantern Festival
Before the opening of the Beijing Winter Olympics, the gongs and drums in Zhangzhuang Village, Yixian Town, on the banks of the Grand Canal, were noisy, and two majestic and healthy blue dragons took off with the drums, sometimes tumbling, and under the exquisite and skillful techniques of the dragon dancers, they stretched softly and straight into the clouds, winning a burst of applause.
A few days ago, the State Administration of Foreign Languages and the Municipal Government Information Office "Welcoming the Winter Olympics and Celebrating the New Year" short video film crew specially came to Zhangzhuang Village, Yixian Town, to shoot the Tongzhou Canal Dragon Lantern Festival, showing the traditional culture of the Beijing Spring Festival and the unique cultural charm of the Grand Canal Cultural Belt.
The Canal Lantern Festival in Zhangzhuang Village is well-known and is a municipal intangible cultural heritage protection project. This ancient technique dates back to 1834, the fourteenth year of the Qing Dynasty.
"The dragon flies and the dragon dances the double dragon to the fullest, and the people rejoice and rejoice." A villager blurted out after seeing the performance of the Canal Dragon Lantern Festival.
Xie Zhaoliang, the non-hereditary inheritor of the Canal Dragon Lantern Society, introduced that the Canal Dragon Lantern Society in Zhangzhuang Village has a history of nearly 190 years. The blue double dragon is their specialty, and the performance routine is even more varied, and they have excavated and sorted out more than ten kinds of techniques such as "dragon turning over", "single-handed dragon handle", "dragon beating straight" and so on.
"At that time, the canal dragon lantern would be very popular in the Grand Canal area. We have 6 stalls in Tongzhou, distributed in villages and towns along the river, including Xidian Village in Majuqiao Town, Jingezhuang Village in Xiji Town, and Juntun Village, Matou Village, Changlingying Village and Zhangzhuang Village in Yixian Town. However, only the canal dragon lantern in Zhangzhuang Village has the oldest starting age and has been passed down to this day. Xie Zhaoliang said that the canal dragon lantern would gush endlessly.
He told reporters that the blue double dragon is very rare in Beijing, because of the water, the people along the canal believe that the blue dragon is the dragon of the Grand Canal, which can bless the villages and people along the canal with smooth wind and rain, and abundant grain.
The canal dragon lantern will be "up" every New Year's Festival, also called "walking meeting", to pray for blessings and auspiciousness.
The canal dragon lantern in Zhangzhuang Village will have a unique blue double dragon that has been to many places. In 2005, the Beijing Qunyi Museum invited them to perform at the Changdian Temple Fair for three days. After that, they also participated in the World Horticultural Exposition performance, Tianjin Wuqing District performance, etc., the venue was well received.
It was the Spring Festival again, Xie Zhaoliang and the big guys had already begun to rub their fists, "Don't look at the average age of our small group of more than 60 years old, dancing these two long dragons of nearly 20 meters is still particularly imposing." If you don't believe it, come to the village to see, the first day of the New Year, we will not see each other! ”
Li Er Si Trolley Will
The Folk Flower Festival is a traditional dance performance during the New Year festival. The flower society in Tongzhou became popular in the Song Dynasty, becoming in the Ming Dynasty and flourishing in the Qing Dynasty. The car club is the most common form of performance in the flower party, and the most famous in the Jingdong area is the Ersi car club in Zhangjiawan.
"Gyeonggi Flower Club He Can Be Considerable, Ten People Nine Say Zhangjiawan" "The horse camp of the Yangge Pai Camp, the bamboo horses of the Imperial Wood Field lined up." It can be seen that the folk flower fair in Zhangjiawan area is the most prosperous.
Han Decheng, the non-hereditary heir of the Liersi Car Association, introduced that in the history of Zhangjiawan, Yongledian, Xiji, Niubaotun, Majuqiao, Chengguan, Tongzhou Town and other places, there have been folk flower festival activities. The trolley will also be called the taiping car. Wooden frame, outer cloth, painted wheels on the cloth, frame sleeve tied around the performer's waist, like a woman sitting in a car. Another person pushed a cart, through the cart to rush the road, up the mountain and cross the bridge and other actions, singing and dancing is very lively. There are about 25 supporting roles, including Mr. Dude, Silly Boy, and Drum Accompaniment.
The origin of the Liersi Car Festival is closely related to the temple fair in Liersi.
The Liersi Temple Festival has a long history. According to the "Jisheng Li Ersi in the Age of Emperor Jing", "Li Ersi is close to Zhangjiawan, and there is a view of youmin... In front of the canal, may Shuo to Duan Yang Day, in Hanoi to fight dragon boats, win the championship. Incense will be scattered and tourists will flock. According to the "Beijing Municipal Chronicle and Temple Collection", "There is a temple fair in the Liersi River Shrine on April 4, and the shrine is on the shore of the Zhangjiawan Canal. In the past years, the water transport in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces was carried by inland rivers, and dozens of grain ships were moored here, and they paid for the performance. Tourists from near and far... The year will be crowded by thousands of people, red men and green women, and less long and salty. There are department stalls outside the temple. "This depicts a temple festival that existed here hundreds of years ago.
In the early 20th century, Liersi held two temple festivals a year, namely the fifteenth day of the first lunar month and the first day of may. In particular, the fifteenth day of the first month is the most prosperous, and the people of the ten miles and eight townships come here to pray for "smooth wind and rain, and peace in all seasons." On this morning, the Southern Eight And Northern Eight Societies, which are composed of villages south of Liersi and north, will come to youminguan to hold a ceremony of incense. When incense is infused inside the temple, before and after the archway outside the temple, it is the time when the flowers of each stall will show their skills and perform to the fullest, and the audience will be surrounded by water and bustling.
The Liersi Trolley Club is a folk art team formed at that time, which has been passed down from generation to generation and has been passed down in an orderly manner.
"Is it not performed during the Spring Festival this year? I was available on call. Wang Yanfen, who plays the role of a car lady, is 55 years old this year, and seeing that the New Year is coming, she has begun to sort out the "Phoenix Crown Xia Shuai" that she has spent a lot of money to buy.
"Our car will be really original, in the past, the Spring Festival can perform up to ten times. Dozens of pounds of 'car' tied to the body, plus the head is called a tight, it is not good, but I have deeply liked this role, willing to stick to the acting, insist until someone takes over. But now there are not many young people who are willing to learn this. Wang Yanfen said that before the Spring Festival this year, she was already ready, as long as she said hello and came to the performance.
Li Er Si Stilt Meeting
Because of the special geographical location, in addition to the trolley meeting, the stilt meeting is also quite prestigious.
The stilt society, known as the "Great Song of The Great Song" or "the Song of the Song", is called "Xie Xian Hui" according to the name recorded in the score. Stilts have a long history and are vividly depicted in the Liezi Speakers. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was called "stilts", in the Song Dynasty it was called "stilts", and in the late Qing Dynasty, it was called "stilts".
Stilt activities are quite common in Tongzhou, almost all over the region, there are Xuguantun Street Lamp Old Society, Dasongfa Stilt Society, Dongbao Stilt Society, etc., of which the earliest stilt society is the Yongshun Town Cattle Workshop Stilt During the Ming Dynasty Tianshun Period. According to incomplete statistics, in the early 1950s, there were more than 60 stilts in Tongzhou, and 28 stalls in the 80s.
The Liersi Stilt Society has a history of more than 300 years and has been passed down for 14 generations. The stilt meetings run by the village generally begin to practice one month before the Spring Festival to prepare for the performances of the Spring Festival and the fifteenth day of the first month.
Xu Baorui, a villager in his seventies, is a teacher in charge of teaching stilts. He introduced that the liersi stilt characters include 4 wujiao, 4 wenjiao, 2 jungong and 2 ugly drums, and sometimes add ugly women and hanako, a total of 14 people. Most of the characters are Liangshan heroes in "Water Margin", in addition to performing various actions, they must also perform step by step according to the gong and drum point.
Unlike the aging of the actors of the Trolley Club, most of the members of the Liersi Stilt Club are teenagers. In 2008, the Village Committee of Liersi Village formulated and implemented the plan to cultivate young stilts in the village-run primary school, and more than 40 teenagers participated, becoming the 14th generation.
"The Liersi Stilt Festival is a folk song and dance, which has been passed down from generation to generation for hundreds of years. The biggest feature is that it is simple and unpretentious, the lyrics are rich, we have preserved 58 old lyrics, and we have adapted many lyrics to adapt to the new era. Xu Baorui said proudly.
Half-cut river martial arts stilts
"Higher technical content than stilts is martial stilts." Zhang Xipu said. Zhang Xipu, 56, is a non-hereditary heir of the Wu Seesaw Society in Banjuhe Village. He introduced that the Bandu river village wu seesaw association was established in 1948. He won the second prize in the flower performance at the Shijingshan Farmers' Games in Beijing. In the past, every year on the first day, second and fifth day of the Spring Festival, as well as at the more important celebrations in the village, there would be a martial arts stilt party.
"In fact, the Half-Cut River Wu seesaw meeting can also be regarded as a kind of beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integrated development in the early years. Our local performing technicians inherit from Taitou Village in Gaocun Township, Wuqing County, and the performance skills of Wutou Village wutou are taught in Futou Village, Hexiwu Town, Wuqing County. The teacher at that time was Liu Dianchang of Futou Village. But what is interesting is that the flag of the Futou Village Wu Stilt During the performance reads 'Tongzhou Jinxiang Old Society'. Zhang Xipu said.
Zhang Xipu introduced that stilts are divided into high, medium and low, called stilts, stilts, and stilts. According to the different characteristics of the performance, the stilts are divided into stilts and martial stilts, and the legs of the stilts are three or four feet high, mainly for twisting and melodramatic performances. Wu's legs are short, only two feet high, and more of a skill is demonstrated. The number of performers, character settings, performance techniques and formation changes are different.
As early as the 1980s, the Half-Cut River Martial Arts Club also adapted traditional characters, redesigned the plot and performed the action, and performed the story of Sun Wukong's three dozen white bone essences. In terms of role matching, Sun Wukong and Bai BoneJing are 1 pair; Pig Eight Precepts and Village Girl is 1 pair; Sand Monk and Red Child are 1 pair; Tang Monk and Old Demon are 1 pair, and the role of the whole performance is as many as 24 people. In addition to these contents, the performance of the half-cut river martial arts has many difficult skills, such as scorpion hooks, door forks, higher tables, jump benches, harriers turning over, holding the moon in their arms, climbing over the bridge and other stunts. This high degree of craftsmanship reflects the characteristics of "art in art, art in skill, and equal emphasis on skill".
As for the formation changes, the half-cut river martial arts stilt performance is divided into 13 fields, and the variations include bunches of flowers and hedges, two dragons into music, wild horses mane, oolong tails and other formations. The scene has a symmetrical and balanced compositional beauty that seeks symmetry and balance from change, which not only pays attention to the action skills, but also highlights the rich and changeable characteristics of the scene conception.