Speaking of the world's first peak, I believe that even people with only primary school education know: It is Mount Everest. Mount Everest is also the boundary between China and Nepal. However, decades ago, the issue of the ownership of Mount Everest was controversial. However, this problem was cleverly resolved by Chairman Mao. So, what happened to this?
Mysterious snowy plateau
The Tibetan Plateau is vast and mysterious. However, for thousands of years, it has not been familiar to the surrounding ethnic groups. In the final analysis, the reason is that the climate and altitude of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau make it difficult for people in the plains to adapt. For example, during the Tang Dynasty, war broke out between the Tang Dynasty and Tibet on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The invincible Tang army could only do nothing to Tubo – the reason was that the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was not conducive to the Tang army's march.
It was not until the Yuan Dynasty that the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was part of the Great Yuan. In the qing dynasty, in order to properly manage the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Qing court also set up a special post of minister stationed in Tibet.
Everest and borders
I believe that modern people are very familiar with the concept of national borders. But in fact, the concept of national borders is a product of modern times. In ancient times, whether it was Easterners or Westerners, there was no concept of national boundaries, some were only the concept of spheres of influence. For example, the emperors of the ancient Roman Empire believed that the Roman emperor was the master of the whole world. Ancient Persian emperors and Chinese emperors thought the same thing. In modern times, with the expansion of the scope of human activities, it eventually led to a change in concepts, so there was a concept of national borders.
After the founding of New China, diplomatic relations were established with Nepal, but there was a great controversy between China and Nepal over the ownership of Mount Everest.
For example, China believes that Mount Everest has belonged to China since ancient times, and there is still physical evidence - when the Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dynasty was in power, he ordered people to compile information on the geography of the Qing Dynasty. This includes the Tibetan Plateau. On the map of the Qianlong era of the Qing Dynasty, Mount Everest is clearly marked in the territory of the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, in this regard alone, it is said that Mount Pearl belongs to the Qing Dynasty and belongs to China.
Nepal certainly does not have such evidence, but some voices in the international community support Nepal. The reason is also helpless: that is, at that time, people around the world chose to climb Mount Everest, often starting from the direction of Nepal and then climbing. From the Chinese side, climbing Mount Everest can be described as nine deaths. Even before the founding of New China, there was really no record of climbing from the north of Mount Everest to the top of Mount Everest in the world.
In fact, the reason for the difficulty of climbing is related to the monsoon to a certain extent. Because the warm currents of the Indian Ocean stop when they meet the Himalayas, this leads to a better environment in the southern foothills of Mount Everest, and the temperature is also suitable for human climbing. The northern foothills, because of the plateau climate, cause people to climb mountains from here, braving the pressure of severe cold and lack of oxygen, and the environment in the northern foothills is worse.
Therefore, many Western journalists expressed their support for Nepal and questioned our side: Since Mount Everest belongs to China, how do you climb to the top of Mount Everest from the northern foot of Mount Everest?
The attribution of Everest
In order to prove that Mount Everest belongs to China, finally in 1960, three Chinese climbers successfully climbed the summit of Mount Everest from the northern foot of Mount Everest, explaining to the world the fact that the northern foothills of Mount Everest can also reach the summit. This situation has shocked the whole world.
However, Chairman Mao also took into account the feelings of the Nepalese people for Mount Everest: because from an economic point of view, a large part of Nepal's GDP structure comes from tourism. Tourists from all over the world choose to travel to Nepal because they go to Mount Everest. If you lose Everest. Nepalese people face livelihood problems. Moreover, nepalese people have a deep affection for Everest.
Chairman Mao was not only a great man of Chinese, but also had the ambition to save the proletarians of the world. Therefore, chairman Mao deliberated and finally reached an agreement with Nepal: Everest is one and a half. In this way, a difficult problem was solved.