A lot of people probably don't know about Nepal because it's so unremarkable, it's so obscure.
Nepal, whose full name is the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a neighbour of our country in the southwest, a landlocked country hidden deep in the mountains of South Asia.
Fortunately, Nepal is the birthplace of Buddhism, one of the world's three major religions, and the world's highest peak, Mount Everest, is between China and Nepal, so there is still a little bit of fame in the world, otherwise, it will really let the high Himalayas be blocked.
The reason why Nepal is hidden in the deep boudoir is not only because of its remote location, but also because it is too weak.
It is only 140,000 square kilometers, equivalent to Anhui Province; if you compare the territory of china today, it is nearly 70 times the size of Nepal. Compared with the area of the Qing Dynasty in its heyday, it is even more pitiful, almost one-tenth of the qing Dynasty's land area.
If you compare Nepal with the Qing Dynasty, it is not too much to say that one of them is an ant and one of them is an elephant.
But unexpectedly, in history, this Nepalese ant actually invaded China twice, and the Chinese elephant bit hard twice, scaring the Manchu Qing Emperor into disobedience. The reason why the Manchu Emperor was startled was because he did not expect that Nepal, which had always been docile, would rush to the Great Qing and call the Great Qing.
Nepal turned out to be really a well-behaved tiger, very obedient in front of the Qing Dynasty.
After the Manchu Qing Dynasty entered the Central Plains, the national strength was strong, the mighty world was tremendous, and the eight directions came to the dynasty; everyone moved closer to the Qing Dynasty and respected the Qing Dynasty as the boss.
In the forty-fifth year of Qianlong (1780), the sixth Panchen Erdeni died in Beijing. At that time, panchen's brother Dzongpa Hutuktu escorted the panchen coffin back to Tashilhunpo Monastery in Shigatse, where he was greatly rewarded by the Qianlong Emperor and received countless pieces of silk and gold jewelry. This Trungpa Hutuktu was a selfish man who was not given to his subordinates or to his relatives.
Trumba Hutuktu's half-brother fell ill with pink eye and ran to Nepal to encourage nepal's boss, the Gurkha royal family, to send troops. It is said that there are many treasures in Tibet, and the Armed Forces of Tibet are very bearish, and they do not rob the white and do not rob them. The Nepalese side was moved, so there was the First Gurkha War.
As soon as the Gurkha army heard that there were treasures, they desperately invaded The 53rd year of Qianlong (1788) invaded The Places of Nielamu and Jilu (in present-day southern Jilong County, Tibet) and plundered them on a large scale.
When the Qing court learned of this, it did not dare to be idle and quickly sent troops to go, but when the team arrived, the Qing officials in Tibet said that we had settled the peace and defeated the Gurkha.
It turned out that they were afraid of war, and privately lost money to send the invaders away.
Anyway, the Emperor of Tiangao was far away, and Qianlong did not know, so everyone lied about the military situation, sang triumphant songs, and everyone rejoiced, and the first battle between the Qing Dynasty and Nepal ended in such a vague way.
Afterwards, the Qing dynasty officials stationed in Tibet were triumphant, saying that this was too clever, not only to withdraw the invaders, but also not to ignite the flames of war, why not enjoy it?
But they forget that there is a saying in China that it is difficult to fill the gap, and the Gorkha (Nepal) tastes the sweetness and cannot be received.
In the fifty-sixth year of Qianlong (1791), the Gurkha army once again invaded Tibet. The reason is that they have sent people to Tibet many times to eat and take cards and ask for money, but they have not been able to do so. They said Tibetan officials had breached the contract and had no spirit of the contract.
In June 1791, the Qing History Manuscript called "'Kaji Danmdar Bangli'" led by Ziji, and one led by Abima Singh attacked Dingri (in the west of present-day Dingri County) from Nielamu; Another way bypasses Dingri and passes through Sakya to Shigatse. At the beginning of September, the Gurkha army approached the city of Shigatsezong. The enemy army could not be attacked for a long time, and withdrew its troops back to China.
When the Qianlong Emperor learned of this, he hurriedly summoned Fu Kang'an, the governor of Liangguang, who had just quelled Lin Shuangwen's rebellion, to beijing, ready to teach a lesson to Gorkha, an ant who did not know the height of the sky.
In December 1791, Fu Kang'an led a large army to Tibet, and in May 1792 he invaded the hinterland of Gorkha, and in July he approached the capital of Gorkha, forcing the Gorkha to raise a white flag, declaring that he would never dare to invade Tibet again, and expressing his true obedience and declaring himself a vassal to the Qing Dynasty.
At that time, the main force of Fukang'an to defeat the Gurkha was indeed the local cavalry of Solenda Ur in Heilongjiang, who was extremely brave and fierce, known as the Solon Tiger Soldier.
Then why did the Qianlong Emperor leave the soldiers of Sichuan and Tibet instead of using them, but to sacrifice the near and seek far, and to send troops from the northeast from thousands of miles away?
The first is that the tibetan leaders are timid and afraid of war. The Sichuan-Tibetan soldiers were unreliable.
The first time the two countries fought, there were 500 Qing troops stationed in Tibet, 1600 Tibetan soldiers, and 1300 Taiwanese soldiers.
Li Shijie, the governor of Sichuan, also dispatched 500 soldiers from Chengdu, 1,300 soldiers from the Green Battalion, and 1,200 soldiers from tun training. These elite soldiers, with Qianlong's imperial bodyguard Ba Zhong as the commander-in-chief, attacked the Gurkha army.
However, when the Qing army arrived at the Tibetan border day and night, the Dalai Lama and other Tibetan leaders had privately negotiated peace with the Gurkha, and no one from the later generals raised any objections. The Gurkha also acquiesced to this result and returned to Beijing as a meritorious minister.
The second is to solve the problem once and for all. Gorkha is mountainous, the terrain is complex, although the Gurkha army is small in number, each one is brave and good at war, not a fuel-saving lamp.
Qing soldiers travel thousands of miles, and it is not easy to move a soldier once. Since there is a big fight, we must send the strongest lineup to solve the border problem once and for all, and scare and subdue the Gurkha. The Solun Tiger Soldiers in Heilongjiang still retained the glorious tradition of the Eight Banner Soldiers, and their combat effectiveness was first-class in the Manchu Qing army at that time. Therefore, he sent the Solun Tiger Soldiers in Heilongjiang to quickly achieve the strategic goal.
With the excellent performance of solun tiger soldiers, Qianlong was able to realize his "ten perfect martial arts", and in this "ten completes", only the two Ping Gurkhas were able to make up the "two completes".