Watching more REPUBLIC OF CHINA TV dramas, I often hear all kinds of official names, all kinds of big people appear for a while to oversee the army for a while, a big marshal, sometimes called the director, and the provincial chairman, and so on, a lot of official names, many viewers are confused about which big one? Today I will give you a wisp.
Zhang Zuolin is known as Yu Shuai
In fact, the title of marshal has never been a formal official name, in fact, the marshal is not the original creation of the Republic of China, as early as the end of the Qing Dynasty, the feudal officials who held a great power on one side have been called shuai. For example, Zhang Zhidong, the governor of Huguang, was known as Xiang Shuai; Zuo Zongtang, who recovered Xinjiang, was called Ji Shuai; Peng Yulin, commander of the Xiang Army' water division, was called Xue Shuai, and so on. Obviously, only those who once commanded one side, went to the horse to manage the army, and got off the horse and herdsmen to supervise the side can be called the grand marshal. Especially the title of Zhang Zhidong, I don't know if I think it is Chu Liuxiang. The Republic of China inherited the custom of the Qing Dynasty, and called the feudal governor who controlled the army a certain marshal, and there were not many who could reach this level, and those who could be publicly recognized were these Gui warlords Lu Rongting, who were called Ganshuai, and wu Peifu, the leader of the warlords directly under the direct lineage, and Zizi Yu, so they were called Yushuai, while Zhang Zuolin, the king of the northeast, and The character Yuting, were called Yushuai. The above more recognized few, many small warlords also called themselves marshals behind closed doors, the Republic of China was in turmoil in those years, and even some bandits had hundreds of people who dared to call themselves marshals, which was purely self-amusement. The grand marshal in the population of the Republic of China and the ten marshals after the founding of the country are not the same thing, and the ten marshals are official ranks.
Fragrant handsome
The official position of overseer was a formal official position in the Republic of China, and it was an official position during the Beiyang government period and did not have this position during the national government period, so the official name of the overseer was definitely not an official of the National Government in Nanjing. Overseer, full name "supervising the military affairs of a certain province" (Yuan Shikai period); "supervising the military affairs of a certain province" (Li Yuanhong period): "supervising the military affairs of a certain province" (Duan Qirui period). Overseer is short. At some point, there are also abbreviated superintendents or superintendents. This position was originally a military attaché position, which was supposed to be civil, but the civilian officials in the era when the military were in power in the Republic of China were just decorations, so the overseers were generally monopolized. The official positions known as X Shuai above are overseers, such as Lu Rongting, the commander of The Guan Shuai, is the overseer of Guangxi, and the rain marshal Zhang Zuolin is the overseer of Fengtian.
Lu Rongting
The post of director of the Sui Administration was an official official position of the National Government in Nanjing, and it was certainly Under Chairman Chiang Kai-shek who heard about this official position. First of all, the appeasement office, the full name is a certain place "appeasement director office", it is accurately defined as "local military and political command organs", and is divided into two major types before and after the War of Resistance, note that the level is not the same! Before the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, as early as February 6, 1932, when the Nationalist Government re-established the Military Commission, the Appeasement Office began to be established one after another, as the local military and political unification leading body directly under the Central Military Commission, generally one in each province, and one in the border areas of two provinces or several provinces in special situations (fighting the Red Army). The main function is to maintain law and order in the jurisdiction, so it can not only command the regular army and local security forces stationed in the jurisdiction, but also have the right to control the political, economic and social activities in the jurisdiction, which is the product of the "unity of military and government" in the special historical period. During this period, a total of 18 appeasement offices were established, such as Yu Hanmou, director of the Guangdong Appeasement Office, Yan Xishan, director of the Taiyuan Appeasement Office, and so on.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, these appeasement offices were either abolished or reorganized into "group armies", which is why it is said that the levels before and after the War of Resistance Were different. For example, Wei Lihuang's Yu'e-Anhui Sui Bureau was reorganized into the 14th Group Army, Liu Jianxu's Sui Bureau of the Zhejiang-Fujian-Gansu-Anhui Border Region was reorganized into the 10th Group Army, Zhang Fakui's Sui Bureau of the Suzhou-Zhejiang Border Region was reorganized into the 8th Group Army, and so on. However, after the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the level of the Appeasement Bureau that was restructured into the Appeasement Office was already a "war zone," so it is particularly stated that the level of the Appeasement Bureau before the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was lower, which was only equivalent to the formation of the group army, while the level of the Appeasement Bureau after the victory of the War of Resistance was basically reorganized from the theater. For example, Hu Zongnan's First Theater was reorganized into the "Xi'an Appeasement Office," and the Yan Xishan Second Theater was reorganized into the Taiyuan Appeasement Office.
Director of Taiyuan Appeasement Office Yan Xishan
The provincial chairman, a civilian official of the National Government in Nanjing, often makes mistakes in many TV dramas. After the establishment of the Nanjing National Government, the provincial administrative system changed slightly, abolishing the official system of the governor (in charge of the military of a province) and the governor of a province (in charge of the civil affairs of a province, often concurrently held by the overseers, reduced to a virtual post), and the post of provincial chairman was established, which was appointed by the Nanjing National Government among the members of the provincial government. This is a civilian official in charge of civil affairs, but the Republic of China is a military in power, so the title of the military uniform is often called xx chairman, but the provincial chairman often also holds the position of military attaché, when calling the official position, it mainly depends on what position the person is, if the person is a civilian generally called xx chairman, the person who comes is the military attaché more called xx director or even the commander of the military division and so on. In the TV series, it is often not distinguished between these and that are called Shunkou, for example, Long Yun is the chairman of the dragon, because Long Yun is both the chairman of the Yunnan Appeasement Office and the chairman of Yunnan Province. Wang Jialie of Guizhou Province is the commander of the 25th Army and the chairman of Guizhou Province, which can also be called Chairman Wang, of course, there are also pure civilian provincial chairmen such as Shao Lizi, who has been the chairman of Shaanxi Province, is a pure civilian position, and whether the military attaché is also the chairman of the province mainly depends on personal needs.
Wang Jialie, commander of the 25th Army and chairman of Guizhou Province
I don't know if you understand the above titles?