There is a terrier that has been circulating on the Internet for a long time, that is...
This also represents the hard-core industrial design capabilities of the Germans since the second industrial revolution, as long as they want to take the first, no one wants to compete with them, the automobile industry is a typical example.
Take the just-released Mercedes-Benz VISION EQXX, which achieves the lowest energy consumption of pure electric vehicles at present - less than 10kWh per 100 kilometers. This number is enough to make everyone drop their jaws, because there is no pure electric vehicle with energy consumption figures in single digits on the market.
But I think this is more like another wonderful display of the German hardcore automobile industry, because German man-made energy-saving vehicles have a very long tradition, and the Japanese people call it the kind of insider...
When it comes to fuel saving, many people must say that there are two fields in the world first, and then BYD DM-i swept thousands of troops.
Naive！ As early as 2002, the Germans developed a 100-kilometer vehicle with a fuel consumption of only 1 liter.
Volkswagen's concept car, called the 1-liter car, has a sleek, streamlined appearance, which brings a body drag coefficient of only 0.16. Although the 299cc single-cylinder engine can only output a maximum power of 6.3kW, the body weighs only 290kg after using lightweight materials such as carbon fiber and magnesium alloy, and it is effortless to drive.
With the highly efficient 6-speed gearbox, it is not difficult to understand the fuel consumption of 0.99L/100km. But what did the designers sacrifice for this fuel consumption?
The 1-liter car can only sit two people front and back, and in order to reduce weight and increase the space for sitting, the front seat back has shrunk into a simple nylon cloth. But even so, the seating space in the rear seat is still very touching, so much so that cushions have to be installed on the roof to prevent passengers' heads from hitting the roof...
Ferdinand Pierch was indeed an "axis" man, and even the human rights of the driver and occupants could be sacrificed for the sake of fuel consumption of 0.99 liters.
The 1-liter car's junior XL1 is decent, in addition to the ultra-low wind resistance body, ultra-low fuel consumption 0.8L TDI engine, it also gives you two side-by-side seats, compared to the 1-liter car driving space is very much improved, but you have to say practicality or forget it...
In addition to achieving a 100-kilometer fuel consumption of 1 liter, the XL1's plug-in hybrid system can also reduce the 100-kilometer power consumption to 8.2kWh in pure electric mode. The drag coefficient of 0.186 makes it only 8.4PS at a cruising power of 100km/h.
With excellent technical strength, The German brand can indeed achieve the world's leading level in fuel saving. After they inherited these technologies to electric vehicles, they have today's protagonist - Mercedes-Benz VISION EQXX.
Compared to Pi Laozi's crazy 1-liter car plan, mercedes-benz VISION EQXX is too decent. While the rear headspace still seems like a disaster, it offers a coupe-like sedan shape, four separate doors, and five seats that can sit normally.
However, the streamlined shape, the extremely small rear vacuum area and the retractable rear diffuser give the EQXX a drag coefficient of only 0.17, while the basic practicality of the vehicle is guaranteed.
In exchange for what? 1000km endurance can be achieved without the need for a stack battery. The ternary lithium battery pack provided by CATL has a capacity of 100kWh, which is the same as the flagship EQS, but the silicon-doped technology makes the battery volume only half that of the EQS and the weight is also 30% lighter.
In addition to the battery pack itself is small and large, in order to make EQXX more light as a swallow, Mercedes-Benz's R & D personnel can be described as eight immortals across the sea.
The first is the extreme lightweighting of the body. Mercedes-Benz uses a large number of cast aluminum parts on the body of the EQXX, but the cast aluminum parts including the one-piece cast tail and the front tower roof use THE BEAMICAST casting technology.
At the heart of this technology is the ultimate reduction in casting weight by analyzing the pressure and load paths of the casting during design, removing the stress-free parts of the casting. A cast aluminum tower roof alone can reduce the weight by 9 pounds, and the molded casting is more full of life like flowing blood vessels.
In addition, in order to reduce weight, a variety of new materials can be found everywhere on EQXX, such as doors made of carbon fiber, glass fiber and aluminum, aluminum alloy brake discs, glass fiber reinforced plastic blade springs created in cooperation with Rhein steel, and so on. In contrast, the carbon fiber subframe also seems to have no surface.
While reducing weight, the need for body safety cannot be ignored. EQXX uses MS1500 ultra-high strength martensitic steel in key positions, providing better occupant protection in the event of a collision while reducing weight.
Lightweight and low resistance are certainly important ways to extend the range of electric vehicles. However, there is also an energy loss in the process of converting energy from the battery to the power of the driven car, and reducing this part of the energy loss is the problem that Mercedes-Benz power engineers have to solve.
Mercedes-AMG High Performance PowerTrain (HPP) has taken on the role of powertrain development, winning numerous championships in F1 and Formula E, and knowing exactly where every kilowatt-hour of energy in the powertrain goes.
The power unit in the carbon fiber subframe is based on the electric drive system of AMG One and has a maximum power of 150 kW. Through material selection, system design, lubrication and thermal management design, not only is it integrated into one whole, but also energy transfer efficiency is increased to 95%.
So the final result is less than 10kWh of electricity consumption per 100 kilometers, which translates to less than 1L of fuel consumption. Mercedes-Benz has done what Volkswagen could have achieved 20 years ago in a much more decent way.
Some people say that the future development of automobiles is electrified in the first half and intelligent in the second half, so electric vehicles like EQXX that pursue the ultimate low energy consumption are not the trend of future development.
But I don't think so. Electric vehicles first of all it has to be a car, what is the greatest significance of a car? Make travel more convenient and fast, with a car, you can explore more unknowns.
Today's electric vehicles, endurance anxiety and energy replenishment anxiety are still old and difficult problems, which is especially obvious in long-distance travel. The run on charging facilities and the longer charging time make the current medium- and long-distance travel efficiency and unplanned travel efficiency of pure electric vehicles still inferior to those of cars using internal combustion engines.
Increasing battery capacity can solve endurance anxiety, but charging anxiety caused by longer charging times will only be more serious. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring the energy density of the battery, improving the energy efficiency of electric vehicles is obviously more able to solve anxiety and improve travel efficiency from the two dimensions of endurance and charging.
At this time, it is particularly important to make electric vehicles lighter and more efficient. On the Mercedes-Benz EQXX, the application of various new materials and technologies has improved the energy efficiency of electric vehicles to a new height, which not only allows the EQXX to have a long cruising range, but also has a shorter energy replenishment time. More importantly, a considerable part of these technologies are only one step away from mass production.
The megatrend is not just a shift from oil to electricity, but also a comprehensive upgrade of every technical detail of the car. Solving anxiety is not to use large batteries, but to make electric vehicles more efficient is the right way. What's more, the level of intelligence of EQXX is not lost to the new forces of car manufacturing.
Oh, one thing I almost forgot, remember to help me expel ID.3 from Germany.