As the name suggests, the large-scale population migration is carried out from the "Kannei" of the mountains and seas to the "Outside of the Guanhai" east of Shanhaiguan, and the duration and migration of this large-scale population migration are the largest in history.
So why did the Shandong compatriots at that time choose to migrate to the Kanto region at that time when they broke into the Kanto region, rather than the warm south?
First of all, the destination of the Kanto is definitely not a cold place, especially the Liaodong Peninsula, which has a similar climate to the Shandong Peninsula. In terms of the grain that was most concerned at that time, the Kanto region was sparsely populated and the land was fertile, which was very suitable as a destination for migration, and until now the grain production in the three northeastern provinces is still very impressive. For southerners, it may be difficult to adapt to the northern climate, but for the people of Shandong at that time, the winter time is longer, and the temperature is lower during the New Year, which can still be overcome.
The sparse population of the Kanto region was mainly due to the Qing Dynasty's policy of banning the Kanto, which regarded the northeast as the "land of Longxing" for the Manchus and the retreat of the Qing rulers.
At the same time as preventing Han Chinese from entering Guanwai, the Manchus entered Guannei in large numbers after the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, thus forming a situation in which a large amount of land in the northeast was not cultivated. In order to stop the migration of people, Shunzhi began to build thousands of miles of "wicker edges", and the entire line was completed in the middle of the Kangxi Dynasty. The project is known as the "Great Wall of Northeast China", but it is not strong and has no military utility.
Although the Qing Dynasty had such intentions to ban migration to the northeast, most of the time the implementation was not effective, and small-scale migration was ignored. In this way, although there is no large-scale flow of population outside Guanxi, there is not much obstacle to the transmission of information, and Shandong people also have a general understanding of the situation outside Guanxi.
Under the circumstances at that time, compared with the sparsely populated northeast, the conditions in the south as a migration destination were not good. Whether it is the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement or other folk movements, the impact is great. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, it was very common for people everywhere to be bored, and the impact of uprisings on the people was also very large.
The northeast region, which was the backyard garden of the Qing rulers at that time, would not have this problem, not only would not break out a large-scale uprising, but also would not suffer from war.
(The Russo-Japanese War was unexpected, and who would have thought that two other countries would be on the land of the Qing Dynasty?) ）
From the perspective of the land that the masses were most concerned about at that time, due to the long-term blockade in Kanto, the land was vast and sparsely populated, and there were a large number of terra nullius.
When the people who break into the Kanto region, they can get cultivated land, and even the whole village can be relocated to the Kanto. The south has developed for many years, there is not so much terra nullius waiting to be cultivated, even if some people leave their hometowns, they will not leave no man's land, and the love of landlords and rich households for the land has not left "leeway" for these Shandong people.
Finally, mass migration also faces a problem, and that is the relationship with indigenous peoples.
The problem of host-guest conflict is difficult to avoid, with more and more outsiders, survival resources will become tense, the folk customs and customs of the two sides are different, and even the language may not be comprehensible. Moving to less populated areas minimizes the likelihood of such conflict and has a greater chance of settling down there.
Large-scale migration activities, such as breaking into the Kanto or taking the west entrance, are all migrating to less populated places, especially in the northeast region, which is less populated due to human control, and has become the first choice for immigrants.