Traditional incense-making techniques are intangible cultural heritage items
—
Pictured here is the retired teacher
Born in 369 BC and died in 286 BC, Zhuangzi lived for 84 years, and died with Mencius. Although the information is lacking, we can still see that Zhuangzi has become a spiritual aristocrat in the history of Chinese civilization in the cold and poverty. We fear Him because of his transcendence of life, of time and space; we fear Him from our own sublime admiration for life. Regarding the essence of Zhuangzi's thought, we may be able to quote it from the side with five short stories.
One is to borrow grain for Zhuangzi. Zhuangzi was a nobleman of the Chu state, who came to a place called Meng in the Song Kingdom due to war and worked as a lacquer garden official for a short time. The lacquer garden official is, in today's parlance, a petty officer in charge of forest trees. Although Zhuangzi was married, due to his family's poverty, he once borrowed grain from the Marquis of Jianhe. After hearing this, he said to Zhuangzi, "When I have aligned the rent and taxes of the territory, I will lend you one hundred and two pieces of gold." Zhuangzi listened and said angrily: "I came to you yesterday, on the road I heard someone calling me Zhuang Zhou, look back, there are two small fish talking in the mud of the ruts, saying Zhuangzi please save me, I am a minister of the East China Sea, today I fell into this small mud pit, if there is no water I will die of thirst, please give me a bowl of water!" I told him that I was rushing to the kingdom of Wu and the state of Qi, and when I said, how about I move the monarch and let them bring the waters of the East China Sea to save you? Xiaoyu said angrily, my life only needs a bowl of water, and it is imminent, but you are going to say that the Wu Kingdom and the State of Qi have brought about the great waters of the East China Sea, I don't know what year it will take, and what is the use of this for me? This little story satirizes the unrighteous friend and confirms Zhuangzi's poverty.
The second is zhuangzi's resignation. The story goes that the king of Chu Wei sent people with heavy gold to the Pushui River to ask Zhuangzi to come out as a secretary, but Zhuangzi smiled and said to the Chu emissary, "Have you seen the sacrificial cow on the altar of the society sacrifice?" Although they are richly bred and wear embroidered clothes, they want not to make sacrifices. Go quickly, don't defile me, I'd rather be a free cow in a mud ditch." After that, Zhuang Zhou did not live for life, especially his noble style.
The third is Zhuangzi's dead wife. Because the family was poor and did not have much money to treat the sick, Zhuangzi's wife died, and everyone came to mourn. But Zhuangzi was not sad, but he held a small tile basin and tapped and sang there. Zhuangzi's friend Huishi was very strange and asked, "You husband and wife, why don't you cry when your wife dies, but you also have to sing with a drum and a pot?" Zhuangzi said: "My feelings for my wife not only have ordinary feelings, but also have extraordinary feelings. The people wept about the end of their lives because they did not understand life and death, but I was a person who knew life and death, born as labor, died as rest, my wife spent her life in poverty and fatigue, and now she has rested, and she swims with all things in heaven and earth, so I sing with my drums. "You see zhuangzi treats life and death this way, and treats life.
The fourth is Zhuangzi Dream Butterfly. One day Zhuangzi dreamed that he had become a butterfly, flying freely between heaven and earth, how happy and free, and when he was immersed, he suddenly woke up, so he suddenly had a strange thought, just now I clearly know that it is a butterfly, and now it is clear that it is a person, so is the butterfly real or is it true? Is it Zhuang Zhou Mengdi or Di Meng Zhuang Zhou? Zhuangzi's enlightenment, Zhuangzi's transcendence, Zhuangzi's realization of the true meaning of the unity of all things from his dreams, this has become a good story throughout the ages. Su Dongpo said in his "Nian Nu Jiao" that "the human world is like a dream, and a bottle is still a bottle of Jiangyue", and a poem by Zhuge Liang said, "Whoever dreams big dreams first, I know myself in ordinary life", from which we can see that the real dream refers to not being aware of the true meaning of the universe and life, it is a kind of delusion of ignorance, and the real dream is to swim with all things.
Five is the death of Zhuangzi. Zhuangzi was dying at the age of 83, and his disciple said to him, "Master, we have prepared a very good coffin for you, thick, what do you think?" Zhuangzi said, "What coffin do I want?" Heaven and earth are my big coffin, the sun and the moon are sacrifices, all things are funerals, with heaven as the cover, with the earth as the bed, I am such a good destination, you still make me a coffin? His disciple said, "We were afraid that the eagle would eat your corpse, so we made a coffin." Zhuangzi said, "You are afraid that I will be eaten by an eagle, so you put me in a small wooden box and put me in the ground, and you are not afraid of the worms and rats eating me?" How do you strip eagles of food from ground bugs and rats? Isn't it the same as an eagle eating a corpse than a rat eating a corpse? ”
The above five stories are all from Zhuangzi's thirty-three articles, Zhuangzi's 83-year-old lively life was spent in the chaos and poverty of the Warring States princes in the era of frequent wars, but you see how open he is, how dashing, and his attitude towards life and death is not enlightening to our contemporaries?
Incense | Oriental scent aesthetics
In the aroma, awaken the dusty awareness of the bottom of the heart.
