In 2020, you are my dark experience, you are my rolling red dust, and you are the willow dark flower after my mountains and rivers are exhausted.
Speech / Wu Xiaobo
Every year, I look forward to the year-end show, because as soon as the year-end show comes, there are new clothes to wear.
Stepping on Lang Lang's piano, thousands of mountains and rivers have gone out, we are together again, thank you for coming to participate in the "Foresee 2021: The Heart of the Brave Wu Xiaobo Year-end Show". Hello everyone, I am Wu Xiaobo, welcome everyone!
When we gather here today, 2020 will soon come to an end, and in another 20+ hours, we will enter 2021 and will never go back to such years.
Every year at this time, people say, "We had an unforgettable year." "But what is unforgettable? Isn't it unforgettable this year? This year was particularly memorable. We may forget 2016, 2017, 2018 many years from now, but I think we may have a hard time forgetting 2020.
At this moment, all the students in the venue are still wearing masks. This is the sixth year-end show of Wu Xiaobo Channel, which is also an unprecedented one, and it is estimated that it will be difficult to see such a scene in the future.
Many years later, when we think of 2020, perhaps the scene of everyone wearing masks will be the collective memory of the people, which will remain in the memory of this country.
During the pandemic this year, I shut myself in my study and read a lot of old books and many new books, one of which I haven't touched for more than twenty years— Camus's Plague.
In this book, Camus says, "In the struggle with life, all man can win is insight and memory." "I think what remains in 2020 is an unforgettable experience of wrestling with life, and what we take away from 2020 is all our insights and memories." What insights and memories will we take away from 2020?
2020 is roughly divided into two segments, with January 23 as the middle boundary.
If you go back to the office today, go back to your home, and take out your work calendar at this time last year and our work plan for 2020, you will most likely find that every line on this plan has been changed by the invisible enemy "new crown epidemic". So we say that 2020 started on January 23 and ended on January 23.
Israeli futurist Yuval Harari published a few years ago a global bestseller, A Brief History of the Future. There is a passage in the book: "For thousands of years mankind has been faced with three important survival problems, hunger, plague and war, and these topics will show a tendency to disappear in the new century." ”
When I read this book, I repeated a horizontal line under this passage, how I wished this passage was true, and how I hoped that his wise eyes really saw the future. But in the end, human beings are still an overconfident primate, and we are still full of countless unknown fears and countless unknown possibilities for nature and the future.
For this year-end show, I launched a question on Wu Xiaobo's channel: "If you said goodbye to 2020 with three words, what would you choose?" We got more than 2,000 answers, the most of which were three words: "still alive," "not easy," and "too hard." This is the sigh in everyone's heart when saying goodbye to 2020.
The first half of this year was too difficult for many industries, and some industries could almost be said to be "annihilated", and the impact on them was not down 10% or 20%. For example, the film industry, exhibition industry, overseas tourism industry, down 100%, the business in this industry almost all disappeared; for example, the hotel industry, retail malls, catering industry, offline training industry business down 90%; as well as residential decoration, housekeeping services, aquaculture industry and so on down 80%.
In the first half of this year, we suffered an unprecedented impact, if you look back, you can use the "superposition of three dangers" to describe. In the past few years, After 42 years of development, China's industrial economy has made great achievements, but we have still encountered various frictions and setbacks in industrial transformation and international relations.
In 2020, the short-term shock we encountered was that the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted all order; the medium-term shock we encountered was the Sino-US trade friction since April 2018 – especially this year's US presidential election, which added a lot of dramatic elements to the Sino-US trade friction. In the US election, China has become an important card, the Democratic Party is playing, the Republican Party is also playing, playing back and forth, resulting in Sino-US trade has been in uncertainty.
The medium- and long-term problems in China's industrial economy itself are that we are in the process of industrial shift cycle.
Today's year-end show scene came more than 300 students of the Enterprise Investment Association, one of whom has been in the textile industry for more than 20 years, he gave me an analogy, he said: "Teacher Wu, I have only done one enterprise for more than 20 years, from buying new equipment two years ago to start industrial upgrading. It was as if I had a house that was twenty years old, and when I had money, I was ready to renovate it, change the foundation, change the beam, renovate the house, who knows that in the process of renovating the house, there was an earthquake, and then I encountered seven days and seven nights of heavy rainstorms, which completely washed away my foundation. ”
Many entrepreneurs and friends have encountered the new crown epidemic and the impact of Sino-US trade frictions in the normal process of industrial upgrading and transformation. Every business operator doing business in China is likely to encounter such a situation. However, when such a huge change occurs, everyone reacts differently.
The theme of this year's year-end show is "The Heart of the Brave", and we hope that in this extreme year of "three dangers superimposed", we will find those brave people and see how they have come to where they are today.
The person in the photo is liang Jianzhang, the chairman of Ctrip, a native of Shanghai. When he was in elementary school, he won the first prize of Shanghai Youth Computer, studied at Shanghai Jiaotong University in college, went to the United States after graduation, then worked in Silicon Valley, and returned to Shanghai in 1999 to start a company called Ctrip, he was one of the earliest batch of Internet entrepreneurs in China.
In 2004, Ctrip went public, and in 2007 he went to Stanford to study for a Ph.D. in economics. In 2010, he sent me a book called "Are Chinese Too Much?" 》。 Domestically, he is an economist who has long questioned family planning policies and encouraged Chinese to have more children, a sensitive topic a decade ago.
At the beginning of this year, the outbreak of the epidemic, Ctrip should be the largest impact of all the large Internet companies in China, overseas orders have disappeared.
What decisions will entrepreneurs in large companies make when the pandemic breaks out? The most rational decision is to lay off employees. Canada has a famous "Cirque du Soleil", which employs 6,000 people worldwide, and announced 95% of its layoffs after the OUTBREAK.
This is the rational decision that capitalists, a Western company, will make, and when the epidemic is over, they will invite everyone over again to continue to do my business. In 2020, there will be 2 companies with more than 100,000 jobs and nearly 20 companies with more than 10,000 employees worldwide.
However, Liang Jianzhang chose to start live broadcasting from March 23, and personally do a live broadcast every week. Therefore, a doctor of economics dressed up as a matchmaker, Tang Bohu, and the emperor.
Ctrip's annual transaction volume is more than 800 billion yuan, and Liang's live broadcasting a day to sell 1,000 rooms and do 10 million transactions is already remarkable, but even so, for a company with an annual transaction volume of 800 billion, it is still a drop in the bucket. However, when a chairman dresses himself as a matchmaker and a sea king and sits in the live broadcast room, what does it mean for this company?
We often discuss a question in a business school classroom: What is entrepreneurship? Schumpeter has Schumpeter's answer, Drucker has Drucker's answer, but in 2020, we seem to have found a new answer — when disaster strikes, the general who dares to take up the bayonet and rush out of the trenches first represents entrepreneurship.
The person in the photo is yao Jiqing, the president of Mousse, and their family sells bedding. After the outbreak of the epidemic, Mousse had more than 4,000 stores across the country, more than 1,000 dealers, and more than 10,000 employees were at home, and all the business was gone.
I remember at the end of February, Yao Jiqing called me and said, "Xiaobo, we're going to do live broadcasting and sell mattresses." ”
I said: "Ji Qing, when the epidemic broke out, everyone was locked up at home, it was possible to buy some rice, it was also possible to buy an air purifier, but would you go to buy a bed?" Not very realistic. ”
But he said to me, "No way, more than 4,000 stores are empty, more than 10,000 employees need to live, and then die and struggle." ”
After more than two weeks, he called me again and said, "Xiaobo, we did a few live broadcasts, and we sold 100,000 orders." I said, "You liar, how can someone buy a bed at this point in time?" "And his bedding is quite expensive, 10,000 yuan a mattress, how can it sell 100,000 orders?"
Then he passed on a donation certificate to me: for every order sold, he donated 100 yuan to Wuhan, and he donated more than 10 million yuan for 100,000 orders sold. We should applaud Mousse for this proof.
In 2020, Mousse did a total of ten large-scale live broadcasts, generating more than 500,000 orders, and the overall performance this year exceeded that of 2019. Yao Jiqing told me three sentences, and I was particularly impressed: "If there is no epidemic, we would not think of doing live broadcasting; if there is no Internet live broadcasting tools and service teams, we cannot do live broadcasting immediately." We have all been changed by the epidemic and will never go back to the past. ”
I think many Chinese entrepreneurs today have the same idea as Yao Jiqing.
The girl in the photo is zhang Yidan, a flight attendant of Xiamen Airlines born in 1995. After the outbreak of the epidemic, local airlines needed to send rescue teams to Wuhan, Hubei Province, Zhang Yidan wrote a letter of invitation, she said: "If there is any difficulty flight, I will fly, and I will fly on the epidemic flight." "Airlines told me that at Xiamen Airlines, more than 600 girls and boys like Zhang Yidan wrote letters of invitation to battle.
In the future, which classmate told me that the post-90s are unreliable, think about these 600 petitions. This is our children, who have grown up and are responsible post-95s.
The young man in the photo is called Xing Weijie, an installation engineer of Suning in Wuhan. At that time, rescue teams from all over the country ran to Wuhan to support, and the most feared thing was cross infection, so the clothes they changed every day needed to be washed with a washing machine. Wei Jie's squad consisted of 5 people, who had not slept for more than 30 hours, and installed a total of 1900 washing machines. At that time in Wuhan, there were thousands of people like him who provided logistical support, support and services for everyone.
The photo shows a Japanese man, Tatsuya Natsume, the Japanese general manager of a car company in Wuhan. Wuhan was locked down on January 23, and seven days later, he flew back to Wuhan from Japan.
When I went to Wuhan to investigate, I met him and asked: Were you afraid at that time? He said not to be afraid. I thought to myself that Japanese people only speak the truth when they are drunk.
On March 11, the car company resumed production, producing 20 cars that day. When he told me about this, my question blurted out: "It takes more than 600 jobs and 10,000 or 20,000 parts to build a car, and how can you find 600 workers in the case of a total lockdown in Wuhan on March 11?" ”
He told me I couldn't find it, what to do? They applied to the Wuhan Municipal Government for a special train, pulled the personnel over one by one, and finally found 150 people, each doing an average of 4 jobs, and spent a few days discussing: In this most extreme case, is it possible to configure more than 10,000 parts and components in China?
The conclusion: probably yes.
In September, I went to this company to investigate, and the production volume of that day has exceeded 1,000 vehicles, exceeding the full capacity of 2019. During the pandemic, we also found a brave retrograde from Japan.
The person in this photo is called Zhang Jing. In July this year, I took a taxi in Shanghai, wearing a mask or being recognized by the driver. He said: You are Teacher Wu, can you take a photo?
I asked him what he was doing, and he said he was an entrepreneur who had opened a catering company in Shanghai and served meals to people in office buildings, a set menu of 25 yuan, three dishes and a soup + fruit. After the outbreak of the new crown epidemic, many companies in the office building closed their doors, so he began to drive a taxi after work at 6 o'clock every day, driving until 12 o'clock at night, and paying employees with the money he earned by driving a taxi.
When I was preparing for the year-end show, I asked my assistant to find the driver and said that I was going to advertise this reliable entrepreneurial boss at the year-end show. The next day, the assistant told me that he had contacted him, but he said: Thank you Teacher Wu, my company has closed down, and now I am unemployed at home.
In 2020, perhaps not everyone who works hard can see the sun rise the next day. How many classmates, like him, drive taxis after work to pay employees, but still can't avoid the fate of the company's closure. I hope that next year's year-end show will see the opening of Zhang Jing's new company.
The person in the photo is named Wu Xiaobo, and he usually does not look like this.
I did a lot of live broadcasts this year, the first live broadcast was on February 16, when I found that many of the company's business has been completely frozen by the epidemic, so I and my team members said: We are all working from home, and we package the courses of 890 new business, especially those related to SME management, called "Refueling Boss Course Package".
Then I also gave this course package to Chinese small and medium-sized business owners for free through live broadcasting in my family's study.
At that time, we did a total of six or seven live broadcasts, and more than 80,000 small and medium-sized enterprises across the country received this "refueling boss course package". Although I don't know if it will help them, we Ba Jiu Ling, as providers of knowledge content, hope to be able to do our part in this way.
In April and May, we found that live streaming was very popular. We have a new craftsman new domestic product promotion association, hoping to bring goods for new domestic products through live broadcasting. So on June 29, I did the first live broadcast of new domestic products. I sold more than 20 domestic products, from 7 p.m. to 12:30 a.m., and kept talking to the camera. In fact, when it was close to 12 o'clock, I couldn't hold back at all and collapsed in my office chair.
There were more than 8 million viewers that day – thank you very much for Taobao here, which gave us so much traffic. With more than 8 million passengers, I was "big", and only 15 cans of milk powder were sold, so I became a joke that month. In July I wrote an article titled "Fifteen Cans" in which I reviewed what I had done wrong during this live broadcast.
I've been in a lot of studios and stages in my life, and most of them I've forgotten. Even such a brilliant stage as tonight may be forgotten in a few years. But in my lifetime, it is difficult to forget the noisy and lively live broadcast room on June 29, which made me anxious and embarrassed.
But if you ask me today: Regrets? I would like to say that I have no regrets, because in 2020, my brother I was brave.
On this day, the last 20 hours of saying goodbye to 2020, we spend 3 seconds asking ourselves a question: In this unforgettable 2020, have you ever done something that makes you feel humiliated and strange? If not, dear students, this year you really passed in vain.
What is bravery? More than two thousand years ago, when Socrates was thinking about why people should live on the shores of the Aegean Sea, he discussed with his companions what bravery was.
Socrates' answer is: bravery is that when fear arises in your heart, you overcome it through the power of reason.
I think brave people have the following three characteristics:
First, they step out of their comfort zone and into a completely unfamiliar scene and space to challenge their own destiny.
Second, they insist on professionalism. Bravery is not recklessness, you need to use reason to overcome fear, so insisting on professionalism is a common feature of the brave people who have achieved little success in 2020.
Third, dare to try new tools. Today, we should be thankful to many Chinese internet companies that have provided a large number of new tools in a very difficult year of 2020. In terms of data, interactive collaboration, etc., these tools help us to complete a new experiment.
So I think that in 2020, there will be no brave fulcrum without new thinking breakthroughs; without new digital tools, there will be no brave qualifications. Bravery itself should still be a rational act.
Since Socrates, there have been many thinkers, military men, philosophers, and entrepreneurs who have talked about what bravery is.
Schopenhauer said: "Bravery is a kind of tenacity, our ability to have any form of self-denial and self-victory." ”
Mark Twain said: "Bravery is not without fear, but to be able to overcome fear." ”
U.S. Admiral Halsey said: "There are no great people in the world, only great challenges for ordinary people." ”
And these brave people I just talked about, from Liang Jianzhang to Yao Jiqing, to Zhang Yidan, to Xing Weijie, to Zhang Jing, to me standing on the stage today, we are all ordinary people, and all the guests who came to the scene today, the students who are watching the live broadcast, we are all ordinary people.
It's just that in 2020, we ordinary human beings have met a challenge with our own courage and made us have a brave heart. Because we have so many ordinary brave people, we handed over a very good "China Answer Sheet".
This is the 2020 data recently predicted by the International Monetary Fund, which of the top ten economies in the world is maintaining positive growth? China. It's not easy, we were the first countries to be pushed into the mire, but on December 30, 2020, you opened the world map and allowed so many people to gather in the same space today, is there anything else?
So what stress tests has the country gone through in order to hand over this answer?
1. Internet infrastructure capacity
We see the first capability of the Chinese economy in 2020 called the "Internet Infrastructure Capability".
On January 23, Wuhan was locked down, and on February 7, that is, 15 days later, the world's first health code - The health code of Yuhang District of Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province was born, and on February 14, the health code could be used throughout Zhejiang.
At the end of February, an American CNN reporter was investigating china, and he was surprised that something called "Golden Ticket" - a golden pass appeared in China.
On March 25, Tibet launched a health code, and so far, the health code of 31 provinces and regions in Chinese mainland has achieved full coverage.
Since we are talking about the Internet infrastructure capacity here, this means that it provides an application tool, but the underlying logic of the health code application tool is that the relevant big data of this region, this province and even the whole country can be opened.
And this work cannot be done overnight.
From 2017 to 2018, big data bureaus were established in various provinces and regions across the country. When I was doing research at the Zhejiang Provincial Big Data Bureau, a deputy director told me this passage: "In the past, reform relied on documents, and now reform relies on software; in the past, things were done to see faces, and now things are done to see the interface." ”
It is precisely because after 2014, the state has promoted the capacity building of data infrastructure, which has enabled us to achieve large-scale popularization nationwide by March after the invention of the health code on February 7.
So what is the bottom layer of big data capabilities? It is the construction of communication facilities.
2019 is known as the "first year of 5G". In 2018, the number of 5G base stations in China was 0, in 2019 it was 50,000, and by 2020, the number of 5G base stations in China reached more than 350,000 driven by these companies in China Mobile.
This year is so difficult, but the number of 5G base stations in China accounts for 60% of the global total. The significance of this proportion is not only in 2020, but in the next three years, five years or even longer.
On April 30 of this year, China Mobile also did a very interesting thing, it moved the 5G base station to the Everest base camp, which is a very symbolic event - when we can build a 5G base station at the Everest base camp, it means that our technology has reached a fairly high level.
Today, China has more than twice as many patents on 5G technology as the United States. We are an imitator, tracker, and follower in the 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G eras, but in the future, China's Internet and data infrastructure capabilities may have a considerable competitive advantage in the world.
During the construction of two hospitals in Wuhan, Vulcan Mountain and Leishen Mountain, China Mobile conducted a large-scale live broadcast, with more than 490 million viewers.
Therefore, China's Internet infrastructure has undergone a great test of capability in 2020.
In the past 20 years, China has experienced two epidemics, the new crown pneumonia epidemic in 2020 and the SARS epidemic in 2003.
The year of SARS was the first year of China's retail e-commerce, Taobao was founded in 2003, and its secured transaction service was also launched in this year, and later we called it "Alipay". Therefore, it was the SARS epidemic in 2003 that promoted the rapid development of retail e-commerce in China.
Then 2020 is the first year of China's Internet enterprise services.
On the left side of the picture are some terms that many students may not have heard of in 2019: collaborative office, video collaboration, sales collaboration, cloud facilities, document collaboration, travel collaboration, Internet of Things solutions, data middle office, data mining services... Or have heard of it, but the past doesn't seem to have anything directly to do with us.
But covid-19 in 2020 has pushed us into a dead end, and our company must use these tools to function properly. As a result, there are a bunch of application-oriented enterprises on the right side of the screen.
I have invested in a company called Xiao Ge Tong, which provides enterprise knowledge service tools.
In 2016, I launched an audio product "Hear Wu Xiaobo Every Day". When it first went online, its experience was very bad, and it couldn't even solve the problem of intermittent playback. I found an entrepreneur from Tencent, Lao Bao, who is an architecture engineer.
I gave him 500,000 yuan and asked him to help me make a knowledge payment tool within WeChat, and he spent more than two months to come up with a tool called Xiao Goose Tong.
When I'm done, my audio sounds very smooth. I told him that there are a lot of people in the country who pay for knowledge like I do, and you open up this tool to them, but charge them a little less.
As a result, Old Bao collected them 4800 yuan.
In December 2016, four years have passed since The Launch of Little Goose Pass.
In 2018, Lao Bao told me that at that time, it was not only people in the field of knowledge payment who used Xiao Ge Tong products, but also people in the education industry. 2020 is even worse, this year many enterprises and merchants have the need to do online live broadcasting and knowledge services, Xiao Ge Tong provides SaaS tools for these people.
Today, XiaoEtong has 1.3 million merchants, more than 15 million knowledge products, covering 680 million end users, and the scope of involvement has expanded from a small knowledge payment industry to 136 sub-industries.
The egg I accidentally laid in 2016 suddenly grew into a quasi-unicorn in 2020.
2. Supply chain complete capability
After China fell into the quagmire of the new crown epidemic in January, by March and April, there were many Western media reports that 2020 was likely to be a turning point in the 42 years of China's reform and opening up, and from then on, China's industrial economy would suffer major damage, and then enter an inflection point of decline, losing 5, 10, 20 years.
In May, Nicholas Ladi, a researcher at a think tank in the United States, published an article saying that because global companies are highly dependent on China's supply chain in some areas, the epidemic has not only not caused supply chain shifts, but has even strengthened China's competitiveness.
It may have been surprising that you saw this text in May, but on this day in December, we feel as if this Radi classmate saw the facts that happened later.
We look at the automotive industry, China's development of automobiles in the past 40 years is a sign, in 2009 China's automobile production and sales exceeded the United States, in 2010 became the world's first manufacturing power, to today there are 183 vehicle bases in China, January 23 complete shutdown.
On February 12, 32% resumed work; on March 12, a factory in Wuhan resumed work, with a resumption rate of more than 40%,; on April 10, it fully resumed work, and production capacity returned to 75% of the same period last year. At the end of November, cumulative production reached 97% of the same period last year.
I said earlier that a car has 10,000 or 20,000 parts, and without a part, the car cannot get off the production line. Therefore, the full recovery of production means a comprehensive recovery of supply chain capacity.
I went to South China in July and August this year to do research, and when I went to Dongguan, Foshan, and Zhongshan to do research, they told me that they had recently received orders for the return of clothing textiles and small household appliances from India and Indonesia.
We used to have a lot of garment factories, small home appliance factories to Go to Southeast Asia, this year there also suffered a big setback there, orders began to flow back.
China's commodity exports in 2020 are record highs, and the supply chain capacity that China has built for more than 40 years has withstood a very significant test this year under the circumstances of great oppression and pressure.
3. National domestic demand capacity
If you ask me: Who is the biggest patriot in China today?
I think there are three types of people: first, online trolls, who are patriotic every day; second, those who dare to invest in 2020; third, people who dare to consume in 2020.
Everyone here probably belongs to the second and third categories, because we dare to invest and consume in 2020, so this year's Chinese economy can still maintain its recovery and growth in such a dangerous situation.
I went to Huazhu Group, a hotel group in Shanghai, which is The largest economy hotel chain in China, and they provided me with an exclusive data, the blue line above is the data for 2019, and the yellow line below is the data line for 2020.
In February, it fell off a cliff, slowly began to recover after April, and by September, the occupancy rate of budget hotels had surpassed that of 2019.
I asked them, who's going out to stay in these hotels? There are two types of people: one is a vacation, and the other is a business trip. The number of business travelers far exceeds the number of people on vacation. Therefore, it is the economic recovery that has driven the recovery of the economy hotel industry.
There is also the consumption of automobiles, the SARS outbreak in 2003, that year there was a retaliatory growth in the automotive industry, in 2003, the sales of cars in China actually increased by 75.3% year-on-year. Why? Because everyone is very afraid, do not dare to squeeze the subway bus, buy a car, right? All of a sudden, sales went up.
Looking at this year's data, the first quarter can not go anywhere, the car factory stopped, 4S stores closed. But if you look at the data after the second quarter, from April to November 2020, it increased by 12.3% compared with the same period last year. Friends, for the automotive industry, sales growth of 12.3% is a very impressive figure.
I went to three auto companies this year, Changchun, Wuhan and Guangzhou. Similarly, the recovery of car sales, 2020 is still very different from 2003, and many new changes have taken place.
I went to GAC Toyota to do research, and they told me that they made a car called Veranda at the beginning of the year. Originally, they felt quite unlucky when the epidemic broke out, what new car did they push? As a result, the car sold well this year. What did GAC Toyota do right? Those car brands that sell well in 2020 and car companies are doing the right thing together.
1. Digital Marketing. GAC Toyota has done more than 200 live broadcasts for Velanda. You can sell mattresses online, so why can't you sell cars online? Nearly 6 million potential customers were reached through live Broadcast on the Internet, and then the delivery of sales was completed through the operation of private domain traffic. Therefore, a company that sells large products will also change its past marketing and promotion model digitally this year.
2. Brand loyalty. This year, everyone's wealth may be shrinking, if I want to buy a car, to be kind to myself, my choice will become very rational. Every penny invested in the brand in the past few years has shown its effect in this crisis moment, and the value of brand loyalty has begun to appear.
3. Technical ability. Today, China's post-80s and post-90s are no longer only buying expensive and not buying right, they are more rational consumers. Veranda introduced 3 types of 4WD. Before last year, four-wheel drive technology was configured on high-end models, 400,000, 500,000 cars, the price of this car is between 200,000 and 300,000, Velanda formed a technical dimensionality reduction blow.
4. Relevant policies have stimulated the production and sales of new energy vehicles.
Therefore, the same recovery of the automotive industry, 2020 showed a completely different characteristics than 2003.
Look at consumption data. In 2020, 637 million domestic tourists visited the eight days of National Day, a year-on-year recovery of 79%. In other words, the number of people traveling is more than 20% less than in 2019. But the national retail and food service was 1.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 4.9% year-on-year, and our consumption is increasing.
The data of "Double 11" is quite exciting, Tmall has increased by 26% year-on-year, and the turnover is nearly 500 billion. JD.com grew 32 percent, with a turnover of 270 billion.
Therefore, this year we proposed a double cycle, in fact, China's economy can withstand the pressure, can appear the recovery of the consumer market, in large part because the domestic demand capacity of the Chinese people in 2020 has been greatly recovered and exerted.
4. Institutional innovation ability
I have written some books on the history of Chinese enterprise development, and I have written "Thirty Years of Turbulence" and "Ten Years of Turbulence, Big Fish in Water". We have come to the conclusion of more than four decades of research on China's industrial economy: China's reform took place without a top-level design.
Comrade Xiaoping said that "crossing the river by feeling the stones" and "regardless of the white cat or the black cat, catching the mouse is a good cat." So we don't have a complete top-level design, we only know that the direction is there, we want to engage in market economy, can not go back, but how should the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics be carried out? Where are the roads? We crossed the river by feeling the stones.
When will we carry out market-oriented reforms, get rid of the shackles and inertia of the existing system, and carry out institutional innovation?
Over the past 42 years, we have found that every market-oriented reform and institutionalized innovation in China has not occurred in a favorable environment. Everyone beat the gong and drum, this reform began, has this happened? It has never happened since 1978.
Every institutional innovation in China has been forced out by a crisis. In 2020, China's industrial economy has once again reached the edge of the cliff, so we see that 2020 is a year of institutional red envelopes.
In March, the new Securities Law was implemented and four major scientific centers were established; in April, the scope of "new infrastructure" was clarified; in May, the "double cycle" was proposed; in June, the registration system of Hainan Free Trade Port and ChiNext Board was proposed; the integrated circuit industry policy was increased in July; the digital yuan pilot was piloted in August; in October, the Shenzhen Pilot Demonstration Zone program was implemented, and the "14th Five-Year Plan" proposal was announced; the RCEP agreement was signed in November; and the "demand-side management" was proposed in December.
After March, there is an institutional red envelope almost every month. The issuance of these institutional red envelopes is not only a promotion of the industrial economy and industrial direction in 2020, but also indicates the path and important battlefield of China's market-oriented reform in the next three to five years.
Every student here today, when doing 2021 planning, when doing their own industrial planning and capital planning, these policies and these institutional dividends are the parts that need to be studied and considered one by one. Institutional innovation has been developed in a spurt in 2020.
Going back to that IMF report, China is the only country in the top ten global economies in 2020 to maintain positive growth, and you will find that this is not a fluke process.
This year, China has undergone a huge stress test and presented its own new capabilities, internet infrastructure capabilities, supply chain complete capabilities, national domestic demand capabilities, and institutional innovation capabilities. It is precisely because of the presentation of these abilities that we have been able to get to where we are today.
Churchill once said, "Don't waste a crisis." "In the crisis, we need to reflect on ourselves, see ourselves clearly in the crisis, and discover the possibilities of tomorrow in the crisis, so we must not waste this crisis."
We are about to bid farewell to 2020 in a ceremonial gesture that leaves us from this year that will never be returned to every minute and every second.
When I said goodbye to her, I told myself what kind of insights and memories we left behind when we fought with life in 2020.
Foreseeing the successful conclusion of the 2021 Wu Xiaobo year-end show, thank you for your companionship and support, we will see you again next year