Throughout China's history,
Puyi
It was the most special kind of emperor, who spent most of his life involuntarily, even as an emperor, he was always at the mercy of others.
while
After stepping down from the emperor's position, he became an ordinary person and began his ordinary life.
The picture shows Ai Xinjue Luo Puyi
It has become a tool for profit in the hands of others
In all dynasties and generations, each emperor enjoyed supreme power while also owning three thousand harem beauties. And the same is as the emperor,
But he was the most unfortunate one, because he had already ascended the throne when he was only 2 years old. It was also because of his young age that many palace ladies and eunuchs did not take him seriously.
After the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution, the rule of the Qing government entered the era of collapse, at this time
He was forced to abdicate, but the Beiyang government still showed mercy to this and did not soon put it away
Driven out of the Forbidden City, he chose to stay here.
And at this time
It was not known that outside the imperial palace, China had undergone tremendous vicissitudes. When Yuan Shikai stole the fruits of the victory of the Xinhai Revolution, he actually drove Puyi out directly, and Puyi came to Tianjin to live in desperation. No matter at any moment, Puyi's fate is in the hands of others.
Especially when Japan was plotting a comprehensive policy of aggression against China, japanese imperialism was in urgent need of finding the tools of their rule, and Puyi became bait. When the puppet state of Manchukuo was established, Puyi also had his own new home and became the emperor of the puppet state of Manchukuo.
The picture shows the establishment of the puppet state of Manchukuo
When Japanese imperialism announced its unconditional surrender, the puppet state of Manchukuo established by Japan also collapsed. The Soviet troops that helped the Chinese Red Army successfully eliminate the Japanese imperialist powers in the northeast naturally captured Puyi under such circumstances, making him a prisoner of the Soviet Union.
In the prisons of the Soviet Union, Puyi's mentality has always stayed in his identity as the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, and he has always held the emperor's shelf. I have to say that at that time, Puyi did not fully recognize his identity.
Puyi and his father Zaifeng took a group photo
Despite this, the Soviet government implemented a preferential policy of prisoners, and special personnel were responsible for taking care of Puyi's daily living life every day and providing Puyi with delicious meals.
Every once in a while, relevant medical personnel were also sent to conduct regular physical examinations for Puyi, fearing that the last emperor of China would be lost. In the eyes of outsiders, Puyi did not come to jail at all, but to travel.
Puyi in the Soviet Union
For Puyi himself, he was willing to stay in the Soviet Union, and even if he was arrested in a Soviet prison, he was not embarrassed, but received more preferential treatment.
The reason why Puyi did not want to return to China was mainly because he feared that returning to the embrace of the motherland would be severely punished by the law, at least in his view, the death penalty could not be escaped. And the Soviet Union will give preferential treatment to Puyi, which is also purposeful.
A photograph taken by the Soviets of Puyi at the Tokyo trial
Because in the military court trial, Puyi can appear in court as a witness to expose Japan's crimes in China, so that after Puyi's testimony, the Soviet government will also gain more benefits.
Although Puyi was still dreaming of a distant country, in 1950, after Sino-Soviet consultation, Puyi had to be extradited back to China, which in his own view was very reluctant, and he did not want to bear the crimes he had committed.
The picture shows Puyi who is about to board the plane
A decision that completely changed Bo Yi's life
After five months, Puyi embarked on the road back to China. At this time, Puyi's mood should be uneasy, because he did not know what kind of punishment he would be punished after returning to China, and whether there would be a death penalty.
What Puyi did not expect was that he was not sent to the execution ground or the guillotine, but under the instructions of the great leader Chairman Mao, he was sent to the Fushun War Criminals Management Center for study and reform.
Considering that Puyi's previous identity was relatively special, Chairman Mao specially instructed the local staff to pay more attention to Puyi in their lives.
Puyi received the amnesty notice at the Fushun War Criminals Management Center
In addition, Chairman Mao gave him the green light to allow Puyi's family to visit him at the War Criminals Management Center.
At the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Chairman Mao once said: "We must not kill Puyi and Kang Ze, special war criminals, not only cannot kill them, but also give them preferential treatment; these counter-revolutionaries need to be studied and reformed, and as long as we give them a chance to become new people, they can be reformed." ”
At that time, many international media were very concerned about Puyi's situation, especially when a British reporter came here and saw Puyi, he directly said: "Being detained here, do you feel that you are unfortunate and miserable?" ”
Unexpectedly, Puyi smiled indifferently and said: "The current life is the happiest for me, and the Qing Dynasty and the puppet Manchu era are my most tragic and unfortunate period." ”
In the war criminals management center, Puyi, like other war criminals, has carried out active reform and has undergone great changes in thinking, and he once said: "In the future, I will resolutely support the leadership of the current people's government." ”
The first on the right is Puyi
In order to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the founding of New China in 1959, Chairman Mao decided to pardon a group of war criminals who had reformed and made ideological progress.
When the director of the Fushun War Criminals Management Center handed chairman Mao the list of amnesty war criminals, Chairman Mao frowned unexpectedly, because he was reading it from beginning to end, but he did not find Puyi's name.
Therefore, Chairman Mao immediately asked: "Why is there no Puyi's name in this list, even if it is a special amnesty, at least the emperor of China should be put on it, which undoubtedly shows the courage of our Communist Party of China." ”
After Chairman Mao gave the order, he quickly added Puyi's name to it. When he learned that Chairman Mao had put his name on the amnesty list, Puyi was thrilled.
In later memories, Puyi once said: "The day of the amnesty, I can't forget it for the rest of my life, when I learned that my name was on the list, I couldn't control my emotions, and I couldn't help but cry. ”
From Puyi's words, it can be seen that he has deeply realized how deep the sins he committed in the first half of his life are. For the decision made by Chairman Mao and the forgiveness of the Chinese people, Puyi was not only full of gratitude, but also more guilt.
Puyi cried bitterly
After being released from prison, he received the care and attention of the party and the government
Soon after, Puyi regained his freedom and was reborn. After his release from prison, he was also personally received by Premier Zhou. In the process of speaking freely, Premier Zhou patiently instructed: "If you want to be one with the nation, you must stand firm on the stand of the nation, and you must also love our country more." ”
After Puyi heard this, the tears of repentance continued to swirl in his eyes, and it can be said that Puyi has remembered Premier Zhou's instructions in his heart no matter when and where he will remember them deeply. After being released from prison, Bo Yi, because she did not have her own residence, had to send someone to live in her sister's house under the fence.
The picture shows Puyi working
After this matter was known to Premier Zhou, Premier Zhou arranged for the relevant staff to carry a message: "Living in my sister's house for a long time is not a long-term thing, and there are many inconveniences, it is better to live with other amnesty personnel and experience collective life again." ”
Puyi was very pleased with Premier Zhou's suggestion, and he moved here. Seeing that the footsteps of the Spring Festival were approaching a little bit, considering that Puyi still needed a lot of items in his life, Premier Zhou once again arranged for the person in charge to be paid by the government to buy new clothes for Puyi and other amnesty personnel.
The picture shows Puyi sewing clothes
In order to make a living, Puyi had the idea of going to the Forbidden City as a tour guide, because he was very familiar with the cold Forbidden City BoYi, and after learning that Puyi had this idea, Premier Zhou immediately politely refused his request.
The reason is very simple, because Puyi himself is the last emperor, if he is a tour guide, it is bound to cause many tourists to come to visit him, in the eyes of the Chinese people to be able to witness the appearance of the last emperor is undoubtedly lucky, but this will also increase the pressure on the attractions, but also will affect Puyi to become an ordinary person's life, and later Puyi was arranged to work in the Beijing Botanical Garden, with a stable job.
After a year of hard work, Puyi has undergone earth-shaking changes, and he is more cheerful than before. In 1962, before the Spring Festival, Chairman Mao specially invited Puyi and Zhang Shizhao and others.
At the dinner table, Chairman Mao smiled and said: "Today's small dishes, only one of them has added meat dishes, I have not eaten pork for a long time, let's make an exception today." ”
As soon as the words fell out, Puyi asked, "Chairman, why is this?" "This is the rule I set for myself, because in the early stage of the founding of New China, our country was still in a difficult period, and the people could not eat meat, so why should I eat it as a leader?"
At this time, Puyi took the opportunity to say: "I can have such a change today, all rely on the correct transformation policy of the Communist Party of China, and from now on I will also rely on my own strength to add bricks and tiles to society and become a new person." ”
The special invitation received by Chairman Mao this time has become something that Puyi cannot forget in his life. When Puyi entered the stage of his old age, he did not know that his body was deteriorating. During his serious illness, Puyi was admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital six times, but even if it was controlled, the condition would still have irregular attacks.
Until 1967, Puyi's uremia and heart attack together, the condition worsened again, but this time Puyi was not rescued, but died at the age of 62.
As the last emperor of China, Puyi's life was full of tragedies and twists and turns, all of which were not only caused by his own choices, but more importantly, because of his weakness and incompetence as the promoter of history.
Before his death, Puyi always remembered Chairman Mao's decision to pardon him, including the special concern of the party and the government for him, and Puyi's tragedy made the world sigh.