The Qing Dynasty was the last feudal dynasty in China.
The reason why it is the last one is that from the beginning of its establishment to the end of its demise, the voice of the people against the uprising has never been stopped. It can also be seen that the feudal monarchy has come to an end.
In the anti-Qing and anti-Qing movements that lasted for more than three hundred years, the one with the greatest momentum and the most far-reaching influence on the modern revolution in later generations was the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement.
The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement was vigorous and magnificent, its ruling space extended to eighteen provinces, and the anti-Qing resistance lasted for fourteen years, like a wild storm, lightning and thunder, which greatly shook the ruling position of the Qing Dynasty government.
However, in the third year of Tongzhi (1864), the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement was eventually strangled by the Qing rulers in alliance with the Western imperialist invaders.
Many famous kings and fierce generals of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom ended up extremely tragic, and their bloody heads threw out one shocking exclamation point after another for this movement.
The sun and the moon pass, and the stars change.
Ten years have passed, the wind and clouds have risen and fallen, the blood has faded, and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom has become a distant legend in the topic of people talking about it- as far as centuries ago!
In the thirteenth year of Tongzhi (1874), when Li Henian, the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, suddenly sent a famous king of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom who had been mighty and shook the north and south of the great river and had a prominent meritorious name to be executed on the streets of Jinjiang, people were shocked to realize that the hero had not gone away, and the past was just yesterday!
This famous king of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was the younger brother of Yang Xiuqing, one of the six kings of Jintian Shouyi in 1851, Yang Fuqing, the auxiliary king!
Although Yang Fuqing and Yang Xiuqing were also members of the Yang clan in Guiping Ping'ai Mountain, Guangxi, he was not familiar with Yang Xiuqing before.
During the Jintian Uprising, almost all the Yang clans around ping'aishan, men, women and children, went with Yang Xiuqing to join the Taiping Army, and Yang Fuqing also joined the army with his cousin Yang Yuanqing.
From this point of view, Yang Fuqing belonged to one of the first righteous soldiers in the Taiping Army and one of the "old brothers of Guangxi".
Yang Fuqing is intelligent and very talented.
Among the forty guozongs who can be found in the historical records of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, only fourteen of them had the rank of military governor, and Yang Fuqing was impressively ranked among them, and the four people with Wei Zhijun, Shi Xiangzhen, and Shi Zhenji had the highest status. It can be seen that Yang Fuqing can be regarded as an outstanding figure.
Yang Fuqing's title of Emperor Guozong and the military rank of Governor of Dejia were actually stained with some light from Yang Xiuqing, the Eastern King, but he was also almost executed by Yang Xiuqing.
The thing is this, according to the "Urn Mu Yu Talk" and the "Chronicle of Jinling Deca": Yang Fuqing's cousin Yang Yuanqing's wife did miscellaneous labor around The Eastern King's mother, the husband and wife could not live together, the long-tongued woman had a broken mouth, and sometimes complained and blamed Yang Xiuqing. Yang Xiuqing, enraged, beheaded her and deposed Yang Yuanqing from his appointment. Yang Fuqing was also implicated in this, and in order to avoid Yang Xiuqing's pursuit, he had to go out to avoid disasters and was idle for three years.
What made Yang Fuqing even more depressed was that he had become the object of Yang Xiuqing's anger and resentment, but he was included in Yang Xiuqing's party by Wei Changhui in the "Tianjing Incident". In the "Li Xiucheng Self-Description", it is recorded: "Yi secretly discussed with the Northern King, killed one of the Eastern King, and killed three of his brothers, Yuan
(Yuan) Qing, auxiliary Qing only. Nothing else is allowed to kill. "At the time of the incident, he was out of town and was spared.
After the "Tianjing Incident", the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was greatly damaged.
The Heavenly King Hong Xiuquan had to promote young talents in large quantities to enrich the leadership team, and Li Xiucheng, Chen Yucheng, Li Shixian, Yang Fuqing and others were all the core high-ranking people who entered the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom at this time.
Wang Ding'an's "Records of the Xiang Army" therefore classified Yang Fuqing as one of the "chieftains among thieves", saying that "Chen Yucheng, Li Xiucheng, Li Shixian, Huang Wenjin, and Yang Fuqing all heeled the title of king and were called Xiao Hun." ”
Liu Chengyu's "History of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom" also said that "the two armies are equally famous, including Li Zhaoshou, Pu Chao, Chen Yucheng, and Yang Fuqing." ”
At the beginning of Yang Fuqing's command of the army, he was subordinate to the Wing King Shi Dakai's control.
Shi Dakai was only twenty-four or five years old, but he was the material of the general, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was in chaos through Tianjing, and Gai had his seat in Tianjing, commanding Ruoding, so that the important towns in Jiangxi, such as Jiujiang, Ruizhou, Fuzhou, Ji'an and other places, were not lost.
However, after this huge-scale infighting, Hong Xiuquan's suspicions increased, and he was deeply afraid that Shi Dakai's monopoly on power would be detrimental to him, so he consciously clamped down on Shi Dakai and sometimes had the intention of causing harm.
Shi Dakai deeply savored the dangerous atmosphere in it, sneaked out of Tianjing City, and returned to his station in Anqing.
On the one hand, Shi Dakai planned to give up his base in the center of Tianjing and open up a new battlefield in Zhejiang and Fujian himself, in order to form a horn with Tianjing; on the other hand, the Qing army had re-formed a siege of Tianjing.
After overall consideration, Shi Dakai exercised his power as "the commander of the electric army" and mobilized Chen Yucheng, Hong Renchang, Hong Chunyuan, Wei Zhijun, Yang Laiqing, and others to return to defend Tianjing; he dispatched Yang Fuqing to fujian; he himself attacked Zhejiang and coordinated operations on internal and external lines in order to disrupt the Qing court's deployment and jointly relieve the siege of Tianjing.
Shi Dakai played these chess pieces very well, he himself conquered Jiangshan County, Zhejiang, entered Quzhou, and in just over two months, he conquered twelve prefectures and counties, covering Quzhou, Yanzhou, Jinhua, and the four prefectures of Chuzhou.
Yang Fuqing's forces also made extraordinary progress in Fujian, and in March 1857, they first entered Fujian, opened up new districts, and occupied Xingwu Prefecture in Fujian province with lightning speed, killing Wang Xunlao, the prefect Lou Hao, and Tongzhi Wang Jian.
As a result, the Qing army was also confused, and the plan to encircle Tianjing failed.
After the situation in Tianjing temporarily stabilized, Hong Xiuquan was dissatisfied with Shi Dakai's departure, and in order to empty Shi Dakai, yang Fuqing was made the chief general of the Chinese army, and in fact dismissed Shi Dakai from the post of chief general of the army, in order to win Yang Fuqing over.
Yang Fuqing therefore withdrew his troops before Shi Dakai entered Fujian, and finally shi Dakai's strategic goal of "moving east into Zhejiang and Fujian" was abandoned.
Subsequently, Yang Fuqing and Shi Dakai still cooperated in Jiangxi and conspired to recover Jiangxi.
However, due to the failure of Shi Dakai to launch the "Battle of Baoqing" in the hinterland of Hunan, the joint army's move to retake Jiangxi was aborted.
At the beginning of 1860, the Qing army general Zhang Guoliang broke through more than 20 Taiping Army barracks along the Pukou River, approached Tianjing, rebuilt the "Jiangnan Camp", and besieged Tianjing with 100,000 troops.
On April 8 of that year, Yang Fuqing, as the chief general of the Chinese army, presided over a military conference in Jianping, Anhui Province, to "discuss the liberation of the Beijing Siege."
At the end of the meeting, Yang Fuqing marched north from Jianping to defeat the enemy, kegaochun, Dongba, Lishui, and Molingguan, and arrived at Yuhuatai on the outskirts of Beijing.
In early May, Yang Fuqing joined forces with the Taiping Army of Zhulu to launch a general attack from all sides, completely destroying the Qing army's "Jiangnan camp", the Qing Qin minister he Chun was forced to commit suicide, the Qing army general Zhang Guoliang fell into the water and died, and the Taiping army lifted the siege of Tianjing for the second time.
In the autumn of 1860, Zeng Guoquan stormed Anqing, the upper barrier of Tianjing.
In order to rescue Anqing, Hong Ren, Li Xiucheng, Chen Yucheng, Yang Fuqing and others reached a consensus after consultation to attack Wuchang in the west to attract the enemy who besieged Anqing.
Unfortunately, Li Xiucheng was jealous of Chen Yucheng in his heart, and Anqing belonged to Chen Yucheng's base camp, and his attitude was negative, grinding and rubbing, which finally made this large-scale military activity of "encircling Wei and saving Zhao" and attacking Wuchang in the west a big wind and rain, and finally failed.
However, Yang Fuqing's series of performances in the westward march into Wuchang still made Zeng Guofan terrified.
At that time, Yang Fuqing occupied Jiande and Fuliang, cutting off the rear road of Zeng Guofan, the commander of the Xiang Army, and Zeng Guofan cried out in horror: "Once Jiande is lost, then the subjects and jiangbin all roads will not be able to communicate", "If the floating beam is broken, the way of grain and pay will also be broken." ”
The plan to attack Wuchang failed to materialize, Anqing was in danger, and Chen Yucheng had no choice but to return to an army to rescue Anqing.
Yang Fuqing crossed the Yangtze River north with the enemy, and from Chen Yucheng's main force to Jixian Pass on the outskirts of Anqing City, he pounced on the besieging Qing army.
The battle was extremely fierce, "the corpses accumulated in the field", but unfortunately it was still a failure, and it was not possible to finally rescue Anqing. However, Yang Fuqing still showed an incomparably stoic and fierce nature in this battle.
Anqing fell, and Zeng Guofan hurried from the east stream to anqing city, personally commanded the slaughter of the city, and killed "no one in the city to escape".
Zeng Guofan himself shouted "great happiness".
In the summer of 1864, Tianjing fell, and Yang Fuqing retired to Huzhou. Wang Ding'an's "Records of the Xiang Army" states: "All the counties and counties of Zhejiang were flattened by the second swing, but the false king Huang Wenjin, the false king Li Yuanji, and the puppet auxiliary king Yang Fuqing were firmly entrenched in Huzhou. ”
On August 28, 1864, after the fall of Huzhou, Yang Fuqing dismissed his troops, went to Shanghai and returned to Guangxi, and then to Guangdong, Hunan, Anhui, and Fujian, covering most of China, running around and traveling thousands of miles, secretly connecting and running for the revolutionary cause of reviving the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
In July 1874, the southeastern coastal provinces recruited troops to fortify due to the Japanese occupation of Taiwan, so Yang Fuqing sneaked from Anhui to Jinjiang, Fujian to sign up for the army.
Yang Fuqing's plan was to plan an armed uprising in the army and raise the banner of righteousness.
Unexpectedly, Ma Ronghe, an old subordinate of Chen Yucheng in the army, recognized Yang Fuqing and secretly informed him.
After the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, Li Henian, captured Yang Fuqing, he was inexplicably excited, and Fei Zhang hurriedly played Tongzhi Emperor Yun: "Zha Should rebel against Yang Fuqing, together with Hong Xiuquan and others, first advocated chaos, harassed more than ten provinces, poisoned the southeast, attacked various cities, and was crowned king. After the retreat of Tongzhi for three years, Di di was strictly taken according to the edict, and so far he was not captured, but now he is fortunate to rely on Tianwei, and he should be executed according to the rebellion against the great law and Ling Chi. This rebel has been slipping through the net for a long time, and his love is serious, and he has not shown his death again. Following the trial, he respectfully requested the king's order, entrusted Wen Wu, tied up the rebel to the city of Cao, executed him according to the law, and still showed his head to the public, so as to uphold the law of the country, and to be happy with the hearts of the people. ”
Nearly ten years after the fall of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Yang Fuqing had long been buried in the sea of people, and could have been hidden in the countryside to die a natural death, only because he still had the ambition to oppose the Qing in his chest, he was not willing to die in the world, and finally became the last fierce general of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom to be sentenced to Ling Chi's tragic sentence, which was a pity.
Li Henian called Yang Fuqing a "reverse head" and a "giant leader", which is good.
When Huzhou fell that year, Huang Wenying, the brother of Huang Wenjin, was captured, and more than 2,700 people were crowned kings in the late Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and Yang Fuqing's auxiliary prince may not be able to show his name, but his position as a military division can fully explain his high status.
At the beginning of the Taiping Rebellion, only four military divisions were sealed: Yang Xiuqing, the Eastern King of the Left Auxiliary Army Division, Xiao Chaogui, the Western King of the Right Bi and Zheng army divisions, Feng Yunshan in the south of the leading deputy army division, and Wei Changhui in the north of the Rear Guard and Deputy Army Division.
In 1856, the "Tianjing Incident" killed all four military divisions, and the military division position was vacant for three years.
In 1859, Hong Xiuquan's brother Hong Ren came to Tianjing from Hong Kong, and Hong Xiuquan restored the system of sealing the king and sealing the army division, first sealing Hong Ren as the Jingzhongjun Division, and later sealing Li Xiu as the True Loyal Army Division, Li Shixian as the ZhengzhongJun Division, and Yang Fuqing as the ZhongzhongJun Division. Shi Dakai, who had left the country, was made a gongzhong and deputy military division, and Chen Yu, who had already died, became a yongzhong army division.
That is to say, in the entire fourteen years of the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the military divisions that were sealed before and after were only ten people.
Yang Fuqing was ranked among the ten people, and he was actually a first-class figure in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
Thank you for reading, and if you find this article helpful to you, don't forget to like, comment, retweet, and bookmark