Today is January 16th, and on the same day in the past time and space, there are three historical events worth recording:
1. On January 16, 1556, Charles V granted the throne of Spain to his son Philip II.
This is the true Zen of the rulers of a vast empire, with no swords and light, no bloody massacres.
Charles V, who ruled the world's first "Empire of the Sun Never Sets", had just turned 56 when he felt that he was not in good health and was too stressed, so he gave up his throne and lived in a monastery.
Of course, some say that he was forced to abdicate the throne by protestant forces and the French.
But the more widespread legend is that he, as a member of the Roman Catholic Church, launched an army to sack Rome in 1527 and plunder the Pope. Feeling guilty and deeply stressed, he abdicated early and spent his old age in the monastery.
I don't know which situation do you think is closest to the truth?
2. On January 16, 27 BC, Octavian was awarded the title of "Augustus" by the Roman Senate.
Augustus, meaning supreme and holy. Since Octavian was given this title, successive Roman consuls have inherited this title.
But why don't they call themselves emperors and monarchs, but use this title?
This is related to the political climate in Rome at that time.
While the actual power is in the hands of the chief consul, they ostensibly have to support a "republic."
The Senate is the body that oversees this ostensibly "republic."
They can give you honors, they can give you titles, they can give you power, but no matter what, you have to put on the veil of "republicanism."
There was a man named Caesar, what we call Julius Caesar, who was assassinated by the Senate because he wanted to be a dictator for life.
Octavian, caesar's adopted son, certainly could not repeat the mistakes of the past, so another name, another statement, everyone can accept it.
Friend, if you were Octavian, would you compromise?
3. On January 16, 1917, at the end of World War I, German Foreign Minister Zimmermann sent an encrypted telegram to allied Mexico. As a result, because of this deciphered telegram, it became the last straw that overwhelmed the camel.
The cable was sent to tell ally Mexico that Germany will be engaged in an unrestricted submarine war in February, and I hope you will be ready to declare war on the United States. Because if the United States intervenes in the war, it will upset the balance of the European battlefield. At the same time, he promised that if Mexico dragged the United States along, it would give him all three states after the victory of the war.
To Zimmerman's surprise, the telegram was intercepted and deciphered by room 40 of the British telegraph deciphering agency shortly after it was sent.
Why is encrypted telegraph so unclassified?
This has to say that the British are particularly ghostly. Although they lose more and win less in the frontal battlefield, their intelligence agencies are very powerful, laying submarine cables in many parts of the world. Moreover, all the cables laid in Germany were cut off, and only the few that led to England were retained.
Therefore, as long as the European countries send telegrams, they must pass through the British transit, so that the telegrams can be easily intercepted.
And the interesting thing about the Germans is that their telegrams are particularly standardized and rigorous, forming a fixed routine. Just analyze the contents of the first few lines of the telegram to know whether the telegram is important or not.
So out of thousands of telegram manuscripts, this significant telegram was screened out for deciphering.
In fact, the British did not immediately tell the United States when they got the deciphered telegram.
On the one hand, the Americans have an ambiguous attitude, are always vague about participating in the war, and only want to make war money.
On the other hand, when the British took the decrypted telegram to the United States, it was tantamount to telling the United States: "Oh, I'm sorry, I've been secretly spying on all your countries." ”
Of course, Britain very much wanted the United States to enter the war to ease the pressure of war it had borne.
Therefore, the British struggled for a month before secretly telling the contents of the American telegraph.
After seeing the telegram, the United States was very angry, and on April 6, 1917, it officially declared war on Germany.
Since then, the course of the First World War has accelerated and ended after 1 year.
And all this was driven by this deciphered telegram.
Dear friends, do you think this telegram is true or false?
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