From the end of the Qing Dynasty to the announcement of surrender in the 34th year of the Republic of China (1945), the Japanese pirate excavation activities in China have not stopped. Almost all the ancient tombs and monuments in the Japanese sphere of influence and the Japanese occupation area have been patronized by the Japanese.
As for how many ancient tombs the Japanese have excavated in China, there is still no certainty. There are many who have been excavated by Hamada, the "father of modern Japanese archaeology". In that year, China became the archaeological practice base of several Japanese people, and the ancient tombs and ancient ruins in China became the vegetable garden of the Japanese, digging when they wanted.
The Japanese excavations in Ji'an are only a small part of it.
The Japanese excavated many Goguryeo tombs in Ji'an Goguryeo, such as Tomb No. 12 of the Five Helmets Tomb, which was excavated by the Japanese and compiled as a "manger mound". Why do the Japanese call it Manger Mound? It is because there are stable paintings on the murals in the tomb.
According to relevant archaeological reports, the tomb was excavated by the Japanese Kuroda Genji as early as June 1937. Kuroda Genji's excavations have only been reported sporadically, and the materials have not been published so far. The murals in the tomb have been severely damaged due to poor protection.
In the spring of 1962, when the Ji'an Archaeological Team of the Jilin Provincial Museum conducted a census in the Donggou area, it cleaned up and measured Tomb No. 12 of the Five Helmets Tomb, and repaired it together with the Ji'an County Cultural Relics Management Office. Tomb No. 12 is covered with yellow clay, which is now 4 meters 6 meters high and has a circumference of more than 90 meters. From the outside, it turned out to be a small square cone.
During the cleanup, it was found that a circle of stones was lined up under the sealed soil, a total of 9 blocks, all 1 meter square, and the tomb door was southwest. The underground palace is divided into two rooms, north and south, each with a tomb door and a corridor.
Pictured: A copy of the mural of Tomb No. 12 of the Five Helmets Tomb
The Goguryeo Five Helmets Tomb and Tomb No. 5 were similar to the Japanese as "Four Leaf Tombs". As mentioned above, why did the Japanese make up this number? It was also because they dug out the "golden copper four leaves" from the tomb.
Among them, the "father of Japanese archaeology" Hamada farming mentioned in the above article is not a first offense in Ji'an tomb robbery, as early as the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the people, Hamada farming has focused on the rich cultural relics in China, and has led a team to excavate ancient tombs and ancient ruins in China.
In November 1909 (the first year of Xuanun, the 42nd year of the Japanese era), the Japanese Naito Torajiro published the "Dunhuang Stone Chamber Finds"; at the end of the month, the Second Annual Meeting of the Historical Society of Kyoto Imperial University in Japan was held, and then dispatched by Kyoto Imperial University, Hamada Kosho, together with Five people, including Torajiro Naito, Naoki Kano, Akira Ogawa, and Kenzo Tomioka, went to Beijing, China, to visit the Dunhuang Testament transferred from Gansu to Beijing, and held a lecture meeting after returning to China to preach the important information of China's discovery of precious scriptures and ancient texts.
Pictured: The Japanese stole a large number of Chinese cultural relics from Dunhuang, and the picture shows a convoy of transports
From 1910 (the second year of Xuanun and the 43rd year of the Japanese Meiji era) to 1912 (the first year of the Republic of China, the first year of the Japanese Taisho), Hamada Cultivating excavated local Han tombs in Lushun Diao Jiatun and other places. There is also an important discovery: in the past, Chinese coffins were mostly wooden, sarcophagi and pottery coffins were also found from time to time, but "brick coffins" were rare, and Bintian Cultivation found brick tombs in Diao Jiatun and presumed to be Han tombs.
Pictured: Cultural relics excavated from the tomb of Lushun Han
In September 1925 (the fourteenth year of the Republic of China, the fourteenth year of The Great Orthodoxy of Japan), Koshiro Hamada, Shujin Harada, and others who initiated the organization of the Japanese "East Asian Archaeological Society" invited Chinese scholars such as Ma Heng and Shen Jianshi of the Archaeological Society of Peking University to join forces with China and Japan to form the "Oriental Archaeological Society". The following year, the society was established in Tokyo, Japan. The purpose of Hamada farming, in my opinion, is to make the excavation a legal archaeological activity in the name of union.
Photo: Archaeology of the Ganjingzi Han Tomb in Dalian
In April 1927 (the 16th year of the Republic of China, the second year of the Japanese Showa), Hamada Kosho brought the "East Asian Archaeological Society" to the Luda area (present-day Dalian) to jointly excavate the sites of Shan Zizi near Qiziwo (present-day Pikou Town). Feeling that something was wrong, Chinese scholars later withdrew. The withdrawal of Chinese scholars did not affect the "archaeological" sentiment of the Japanese, and they continued to dig. After the "9.18" incident, the entire northeast was dug up by the Japanese.
Pictured: Old photo of The Nest
In 1935 (the 24th year of the Republic of China, the 10th year of the Japanese Showa), while excavating Goguryeo tombs, Hamada Kensaku led the "archaeological team" to excavate the chifeng Hongshan Hou ancient cultural site in the name of the East Asian Archaeological Society, and the excavation time was as long as 21 days. After the Hongshan Mountains, the "archaeological team" excavated two sites belonging to the Hongshan culture and the "sarcophagus tomb" of the upper culture of Xiajiadian, found the remains of the stove pit on the site of the Hongshan culture, and harvested a large number of pottery, stone tools, bone tools and bronzes from the upper culture of Xiajiadian.
Pictured: At the same time as the excavations, the Japanese simply robbed Chinese cultural relics
The above is only the author's "History of Tomb Robbery in the Republic of China", according to the "Chronology of Chinese Archaeology" of the "Encyclopedia of Chinese Archaeology", and the regular daily "archaeological" activities of Hamada Farming in China have not been included, in fact, there will be more. The "father of Japanese archaeology" regarded the ancient tomb ruins in China as the Japanese's own vegetable garden, digging whenever they wanted. Along with its prominent reputation is the large number of ancient Chinese tombs and ancient city sites that have been excavated and a large number of precious cultural relics have been plundered.