This is the real Zhuge Liang (40)
Chief Writer: Idle Student
Liu Chan succeeded to the throne, and when Zhuge Liang had just opened the government to govern, his right-hand man was Yang Yong (杨颙). Yang Yi was a native of Xiangyang County, Jingzhou (present-day Xiangfan, Hubei), and another of Zhuge Liang's confidants, Yang Yi, was a brother of the same clan, but Yang Yi had been degraded by Liu Bei due to his poor relationship with his colleagues, and Zhuge Liang reused him after Yang Yi's death.
And Yang Yong, who died early, can leave a name in history only because he is a witness to Zhuge Liang's "bowing down and dying".
According to Xi Chisel's "Xiangyang Chronicle", after Yang Hao just became the chief bookkeeper of the Xiangfu, he found that Zhuge Liang's work had a characteristic, and he liked to do things himself, big and small, and even personally edited some government documents and statistical reports (self-school books), which made Yang Hao very puzzled, and often advised Zhuge Liang:
"There is a division of labor in revolutionary work, and there can be no encroachment between the top and the bottom. Please use the analogy of Ming Gong as the main family. Now there are men who make slaves plough crops, maids cook, chicken masters Si Chen, dog owners bark, cattle carry heavy loads, and horses wade on long distances. Nothing in the family was wasted, everything he asked for was enough, and he was also graceful and self-satisfied, sitting back and relaxing, just eating and drinking. Suddenly, all the laborers asked him to do it himself, not to let others, to exert his physical strength, and to do nothing for this purpose, and he was tired and sleepy, and in the end nothing was accomplished. Isn't it better to be wise than a slave chicken dog? Because of the law of the lost master. That is why the ancients called it ' sitting and talking about the Tao , the prince ; doing and doing , it is called the doctor of the scholar . 'Now that the Ming Dynasty is the ruler, he is bowing down to the school book, sweating all day long, and not working hard!' ”
This historical material is often mentioned as discussing the way of management. Many people believe that although Zhuge Liang bowed down and died, he represented an example of The Loyalty of the Chinese Scholar and Doctor Gong and the State of The Body, but he did everything himself and eventually exhausted himself, which was also a very undesirable behavior. Revolutionary work must know how to divide labor and know how to delegate, and where is the reason why someone can do everything in a big way? This will exhaust oneself, and the other will be suspected of being authoritarian and power-grabbing. Yin Zheng and Zhu Yuanzhang are both famous workaholics, but they are also famous autocratic kings, and is there a reason why Zhuge Liang has too much desire for power when he does this?
If this is the case, then Yang Hao will break Zhuge Liang's mind in one fell swoop, and even if he is not retaliated against, his future is probably worrying. But in fact, Zhuge Liang was very grateful for Yang Yuan's advice, and made him concurrently serve as the deputy director of the Organization Department (Eastern Cao), responsible for the promotion and appointment of officials of the Shu Han Dynasty with 2,000 stones and below (canonical election). Five years later, Yang Yong died of illness, and Zhuge Liang was very sad and shed tears for three consecutive days. Not long after, Xi Cao Ling Shi Lai, who was in charge of the appointment of officials in the Chancellor's Mansion, also died, and Zhuge Liang could not help but lament: "Ling Shi lost his lai, and he lost Yang Hao, and suffered a lot for the sake of the DPRK!" ”
As I said earlier, in the history of Zhengyi, Liu Bei was full of joy and anger, and he only cried for Liu Biao, Pang Tong, Fazheng, and Liu Feng in his life; in fact, Zhuge Liang's emotions were more restrained, except when he wrote the "Table of Renunciation", he only cried after the death of Liu Bei, Ma Mo, and Yang Yun in his life. It can be seen that Zhuge Liang is truly grateful to Yang Yong. Therefore, at the end of the Ming Dynasty, Wang Fuzhi pointed out to the point in the "Reading Through the Commentary": "The public weeps Yang Yongye, and Gai mourns himself." ”
Judging from the transfer of Yang Yuan's work, Zhuge Liang also really wanted to be liberated. Since Yang Hao was well versed in the way of management, let him be responsible for organizational work, find some outstanding talents for the imperial court, or share more for himself.
In addition, at that time, there was also a Langzhong man Yao Ling, who recommended several talents of literature and martial arts to the imperial court, and Zhuge Liang praised him: "Those who are loyal to the benefits are greater than those who enter people, and those who enter people do their own thing; now Yao Tuan coexists with rigidity and softness, and with the use of broad literature and martial arts, it can be said that they are boya, and the original Zhu Shan Gexi this matter belongs to his hopes." He was immediately promoted to join the army of The Chancellor of the Imperial Household and accompanied Zhuge Liang on the Northern Expedition.
There was also a Dong Hui who sent an envoy to Eastern Wu as Fei Yi's deputy, and was praised by Sun Quan for his outstanding diplomatic skills. After Zhuge Liang knew about it, less than three days after his return, he immediately promoted him from a county-level cadre to a subordinate of the Cheng Xiang Prefecture and moved to Taishou county; what is more, not only was he born poor, but he was also good-natured, not frugal, but extremely intelligent and capable, so Zhuge Liang grabbed the big and let go of the small, and promoted him from a small clerk (Shu Zuo) to Chengdu Ling and then to Guanghan Taishou, which was really eclectic in the use of talents.
It seems that the reason why Zhuge Liang was so tired that he refused to give up his power was because there were too few Shu Han talents. During Liu Bei's period, the Shu Han Dynasty was full of talented people, and only Liu Bei and Guan Yu were the commanders; the generals were Zhang Fei and Huang Zhong; there were Pang Tong and Fazheng in military strategy; There was Liu Ba in economic talents; there were Dong He in political talents; in addition, there were military and political all-round talents Ma Liang and Huang Quan who played as auxiliaries; but now they are all gone! The most painful thing is the Battle of Yiling, where most of the talents from Shu Han Jingzhou lost. When Liu Chan ascended the throne, the imperial court was either Yizhou people who were not loyal enough, or young people who were still young, and there was not yet a person who could help Zhuge Liang share the responsibility. Therefore, sometimes, Zhuge Liang could not help but say heavy words, asking these young people to learn more from Dong He, Xu Shu, Cui Zhouping, and Hu Ji, of which Dong He was Zhuge Liang's most powerful assistant (Note 1), but unfortunately he died during Liu Bei's time, and Xu Shu and Cui Zhouping were Zhuge Liang's old friends in Jingzhou, although they were very capable, it was impossible to help Zhuge Liang. Therefore, Zhuge Liang is envious, nostalgic and eager, and really hopes that the young people of Shu Han will grow up quickly!
Note 1: See Zhuge Liang's "Teaching with the Masses": "Dong Youzai has been in the office for seven years, and there are no things to do, as for the ten antis, come and tell each other." It can be seen that during this period, the administrative affairs of the Shu Han Dynasty were shared and repeatedly agreed upon by Zhuge Liang and Dong He, which shows that at least at that time, Zhuge Liang had not yet taken charge of the overall situation
Among these young people who had high hopes for Zhuge Liang, there should be Jiang Huan, who had just been promoted from Shang Shulang to The Eastern Cao Of the XiangFu, the younger brother of Zhuge Liang's friend Ma Liang, Ma Mo, who had just been promoted to join the army in the Xiangfu Province, and Dong Yun and Fei Yi, the Yellow Gate attendants who grew up with Liu Chan.
In addition, Zhuge Liang was very optimistic about a young man from Yizhou County, Taishou Zhang, who was kidnapped by Yong Min and sent to Eastern Wu during the Rebellion in Southern China, and Zhuge Liang also specially explained that Deng Zhi, who was envoy to Eastern Wu, must rescue him. Talent is rare, and one less is a huge loss (Note 2). In addition, although Yang Yi had a narrow temperament, he had a disagreement with Liu Ba before with Shang Shu, and later he had a disagreement with Wei Yan, a hanzhong general who held a very high self-esteem, and every time there was a meeting, the two of them had to quarrel, Wei Yan's eloquence was not as good as Yang Yi's, and he was scolded several times, and finally he couldn't help but pull out his knife and threaten to hack Yang Yi to death, which frightened Yang Yi and cried, and his nose flowed to the ground, making Zhuge Liang cry and laugh, but everyone, he really didn't want to use these two, but in military terms, Shu Han really lacked good talents, so Zhuge Liang still had to use them. Not only did wei Yan be made the second in command of the Northern Expeditionary Army, but he also promoted Yang Yi, who had been idle and scattered by Liu Bei (at that time, only the remote leader Hongnong Taishou was a fictitious post) to join the army of the Xiangfu and was responsible for the logistical preparations of the army. To this end, Zhuge Liang also specially wrote a "Treatise on Ganqi" to mediate the contradictions between Wei Yan and Yang Yi, and to persuade them to focus on the overall situation.
Note 2: According to the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, According to the Chronicle of The Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang wrote to him after Zhang Yi was kidnapped, saying that after Zhang Yi was kidnapped, "I did not know the taste of food; after the flow of the South China Sea, I lamented and slept restlessly; and when he came, he was entrusted with a great responsibility, and the royal family was awarded the same prize, thinking that he had made friends with the stone of Jungu." "The heart of love for talents jumps on the paper."
However, before Zhuge Liang's conquest of Nanzhong, another important figure gave Zhuge Liang earnest advice. This person was Zhuge Liang's most important economic assistant at that time, Shi Wanglian, the commander of the Siyan School, who said: "This barren land, the hometown of the plague, is not suitable for taking risks with the hope of a country." "I think Zhuge Liang should not personally conquer Nanzhong, just send a big general."
Zhuge Liang did not know that Nanzhong was a land of miasma, the mountains and rivers were poor, full of poisonous insects and beasts, and there was a danger that they would not be able to return, and Jia Yima Yuan was sacrificed in this way. However, Zhuge Liang's conquest of Nanzhong this time is not only to suppress rebellion, but also to attack the heart, and among the generals there are also those who can recruit good warriors, but they are good at attacking the heart, willing to attack the heart, and can solve complex ethnic, political and diplomatic problems, basically none, so Zhuge Liang still had to personally take risks; and since entering the Shu War, he has not led troops to fight for ten years, his hands are a bit raw, for the future cause of the Northern Expedition, he must first take Nanzhong to train his hands, and then he is tired, and no one can replace himself.
Sometimes Zhuge Liang really envied Cao Zhen on the other side, and he had Sima Yi, Zhang Gao, Guo Huai, Xu Miao, Xiahou Ba, and other military and political talents in his hands, and he did not have to take care of economic and logistical work at the same time, as long as he concentrated on the military. And their own side is stretched everywhere, there are few who can help, do not exhaust themselves, what else can they do?
About author:Zhu Hui, writer of literature and history, pen name Xian Lesheng, fanatical enthusiast and researcher of ancient Chinese celebrities, guide of the latest version of the "Three Points of Surprise" project of "Glory of the King", history and literary consultant of "Uncle Kai's Storytelling" of "Uncle Kai's Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and "Naturalism of the Three Kingdoms", focusing on the field of ancient Chinese war history for more than ten years, publishing nearly two million words of historical works.