Interesting talk about the Eighteenth Emperor of the Song Dynasty: The Reformer whose heart is higher than the sky but ends with regrets
Song Shenzong
2. Love and separation with Wang Anshi
(5) Trust is shaken
First, once a high degree of trust (in)
On the 25th day of the first month of the fourth year of Xi Ning, Wang Anshi's brother-in-law, Zhu Mingzhi, was promoted to "Chongwen Academy Book".
On March 29, Song Shenzong studied "agricultural and military affairs" and wanted to recruit people to act as "archers" on the condition of tax exemption. Prime Minister Fumihiko "thought it would never work."
Wang Anshi said: "I am afraid that it is feasible, but it is not necessary to do so, and sincerely drive the people to practice with interests and harms", so why use this strategy? ”
Emperor Shenzong of Song wanted to appoint officials, and just as Sinong temple took over the responsibility of "establishing the Three Divisions Ordinance Division", the military department set up officials to be in charge of recruiting archers. Wang Anshi said: "The Jing Zhu si is solid enough to mention the outline of the world, and the non-special forces department is also." "All departments in Beijing would have been enough to lead the world's major events, and not only the military departments could be unified."
Song Shenzong said, "The bingbu is the most anxious. ”
Wang Anshi said, "Sincerely. ”
On March 30, Emperor Shenzong of Song issued an edict and sent the writer Salang Zhang to take the post road quickly to the Kuizhou Road, and together with the "Transport Division" of the Kuizhou Road, he dealt with the problem of the minority "Yihu" riots. Earlier, Because "Wang Anshi saw it and called it", Li Chengzhi, who was appointed to the "Detailed Text of the Regulations Department" in the first year of Xi Ning's first year, recommended Zhang Huan to Wang Anshi, and Wang Anshi said: "It is extremely useless to hear about it." "I heard that Zhang Wei's character is not good. Li Chengzhi said: "A certain recommended person is also talented." Is Gu Wei available, and why is it tired? Public test and language, self-love. Wang Anshi received Zhang Huan, who had always been eloquent and pandering, and Wang Anshi saw that he was "very happy, and hated too late."
On April 14, Song Shenzong said to Wang Anshi: "People cannot be without fault, Qing Saw that There was a mistake, but he saved the right words with his mouth, and there should be no traces." "Don't be suspicious.
Wang Anshi said gratefully: "When you do your best to die, you don't dare to have a trace." ”
Song Shenzong was "worried about difficulties" and worried that the reform would not be successful, Wang Anshi said: "Your Majesty, you can't ask for it." He also said, "Your Majesty's holy virtues are in the ascendant, and the customs will change, so why worry about it?" ”
On April 20, the trainee "General Supervisor" Chang Rank was appointed as the "Guan Gou Guo Zi Jian" (管勾国子監), the head of the "Guo Zi Jian (国子監)" (国子監) of the highest institution of learning in the country. At first, Chang Zhi refused to be a eunuch, "the world thought that those who would retire were also", but when "Wang Anshi made a decree, the scholar boiled and thought it was inconvenient, and the rank was in Lu Yan, seeing the edict issued, and thinking it was", the scholar discussed the boiling, but Chang Rank, who was originally a commoner, thought it was correct, and received the summons of Emperor Shenzong of Song, "got up", and got up to serve as an official.
On May 14, an event occurred that had a great impact and was extremely detrimental to the new law. The people of Dongming County, Kaifeng Province, believing that the county government had improperly levied "money for assisting in military service", led them to the residence of Wang Anshi, the prime minister, and surrounded Wang Anshi, who was working, and "said that there were hundreds of families." After Wang Anshi personally persuaded the people to "order them to retreat", he did not propose to investigate the incident and seek a solution, but instead blamed the matter on the people and told Song Shenzong: "I know the Jia clan of Dongming County, Fan Zhongyan's son-in-law." Good conformity, not established above, not available. Song Shenzong "thought so, because of the order to investigate the Matter of Dong Ming."
Sixteenth, The Sinong Temple and the "Kaifeng Provincial Boundary Raising Changping Division" echoed: "There are people in the interior of the country who do not know the meaning of the new law, see the village of the big household and other first help money, more willing to remain in the service." ”
Emperor Shenzong of Song issued an edict instructing Sinong Temple to send orders to the counties and tell the people, "If there are people who do not want to pay money, except for those who never serve in the year and month, order them to admit to the current year of service, and wait for the year to come, then go to the official to serve, let alone pay the money for the service."
Si Nong Temple and the "Kaifeng Provincial Boundary Lifting Changping Division" also played: "The beggar's border mention point siguan divides the county to create a fifth-class book, and lifts and demotes the households." If they dare to elevate households below the fourth rank to the third class and cause a lawsuit, their officials in office will not be pardoned and exempted from the theory of violation. Song Shenzong "from it".
However, Song Shenzong "suspected that the initial official households had little money to help the military", and suspected that the family of the family who had officials in the family had less money to help the service. Wang Anshi "is the best of the day", and only then did he tell Song Shenzong that "the official Household Fang Guo Gong has not much money, but it is appropriate to spend the time, so there are few, so there are fewer people, otherwise the officials must make bad intentions and create arguments." Fang Guo and other households must gather together the people, beat drums and intercept the driving, and cover up the ruling, lest His Majesty not be moved by it. ”
Song Shenzong "also said": "Cao Si did not cooperate with Lu, and it was useless to blame him for being bribed and ruined." "The officials of the relevant departments did not have a good job, and in turn blamed them for accepting bribes and delaying things, which is very unreasonable."
Wang Anshi said: "Those who have leftover money for this helper will be in this generation." "Originally, we would have collected money for the auxiliary service, and if there was any surplus, we would give them as a servant."
Song Shenzong said: "By seeing the money for service, we can formulate the legal system as soon as possible, so that all those who know each other now will be confused." ”
Wang Anshi said: "I was sure that I was afraid of this generation to confuse Fei Ye, but I did not dare to fan this generation." If the Lord of Man cannot benefit the whole world, he will not be able to overcome the world, but will serve the world. For the sake of the world, it is chaotic. ”
In the imperial history, Yang Yi said to Emperor Shenzong of Song: "If the people of Qiyi come to sue for the inconvenience of assisting in the service, Your Majesty will issue a command to take the convenience of the people, willing and unwilling." Zhongshu Menxia had already made a zhazi and sat down to issue the Holy Decree, and the Sinong Temple returned it, so it was requested by him. Isn't it convenient for a courtier to steal a sergeant's method of aiding a soldier? Then in one or two years, it will be changed. If those who are ten and unwilling are divided, then one point is less, and it is impossible to harm more than nine points; and those who are unwilling will also have their own service to be poor, and there will be no release, but the situation of the official and the woman who has no service, so that the money for the service, has already done it. Is it not guilty that Sinong Monastery has returned the Holy Will? However, after Song Shenzong received the recital book, he "did not report it" and withheld the recital book without replying.
Yang Yi also said: "Thousands of people in Dongming and other counties have learned from Kaifeng Province, suing Chaosheng and other first assistants for money, and this government is not affected." The people had no complaint, so they burst into Wang Anshi's private place. An Shi Yun: "This matter is not known to the Xiangfu, and when it is with the command, it is not ordered to be promoted." Still asking, 'Wait for you to come, do you know the county?' I don't know. Also known as the Imperial Observatory. The subject received the complaint without any case from this station, and the edict was withdrawn, and the visit was made, and the Sinanong Temple did not depend on the county yuan fixed household, etc., but the number of military money was put into the county according to the management of the household registration, etc., and each order was to recognize the promotion and demotion of the household, etc., do not create a book, and complete the former agricultural work. The courtiers said that all the ranks were raised and lowered, and the family's production was high or low, and it must rely on the county, and the county must rely on the head of the household and the lizheng, and the head of the household and the lizheng must rely on the neighbor. The cover is from the bottom up, but it is true. Now that the number is drawn first from the Sinong Temple, so that the county can set the book according to the number, will the people have no dispute? If the civil personnel are taken, they must come from the prefecture and the county, so is there any reason why the government of the prefecture does not know? This is because Sinong Temple knows that what it has done is not safe, so it does not report to the government, and goes straight down to the county, hoping that it will be afraid of prestige and not afraid of dissent. If it is Guan Jingyin, or cause a dispute, so regardless of the matter. The present judgment of The Sinong Temple is Deng Xuan and Zeng Bu, one is a knowledge of miscellaneous, the other is a correction, not a minister, who dares to speak? ”
Wang Anshi "referred to Chen Hui's words as otherwise", and told Song Shenzong that Chen and pointed out that what Yang Hui said was not correct, and Song Shenzong "promised it".
Wang Anshi
On May 26, Song Shenzong "said that people have talents and cannot be idle, because Han Wu can also use talents."
Wang Anshi said: "Emperor Wu saw it, so the generals used were zhiwei and Huo, and the hukou in the world was halved, but they could not destroy the Xiongnu." ”
Song Shenzong said, "Emperor Wu thought he had many desires. ”
Wang Anshi said: "If you want to do harm to the government, such as qi Huan gong, you also want a lot, and pay attention to the strategy of cuo, it is not bad to dominate the world, and you can use people to get there." ”
Song Shenzong said: "Han Wu is not benevolent, with the desire of a horse, the labor of thousands of miles, more than seventy people, regard human life as grass, so the hukou is halved." How can it be that human life is the most important thing, and the great virtue of heaven and earth is born? ”
On this day, Wang Anshi "stayed in the southeast of The County", stayed alone after the departure of other ministers, and asked Emperor Shenzong of Song to go to the southeast region as a state governor.
Song Shenzong "very much blamed An Shi for this" and "fixed it", saying: "Qing is therefore a degenerate, not a knight, but with the Huai Dao technique can be used to zemin, improper self-burial, so that people are not only destroyed by it." So if you use Qing, do you have it? Born wise, the righteous people are just doing their best to be righteous people, not to be credited with merit. Stubborn and contemptuous, at first I did not know, since Qing was in Hanlin, I had to hear the moral theory, and my heart was slightly enlightened. Qing, Shi Chen, will not allow Qing to go out! ”
There is a detail worth noting in the above words of Song Shenzong to Wang Anshi, that is, Song Shenzong called Wang Anshi a "master". The term "Shi Chen" is unprecedented, for 2000 years, the monarch called the minister "Shi" and "Father", only 2 people, one was Ji Chang, the king of Zhou Wu, who called Lü Shang, the "Jiang Taigong" who destroyed the Shang Dynasty and assisted himself in destroying the Shang Dynasty to establish the Zhou Dynasty, "Shi Shang Father", and the second was Liu Chan, the lord of the Shu Han Dynasty during the Three Kingdoms period, who called Zhuge Liang the "Father of Xiang". Song Shenzong was the first to call the ministers of this dynasty "Shi Chen", and 150 years later, Song Lizong also called himself "Shi Chen", which is the only two cases in history.
Song Shenzong also said: "Customs have been bad for a long time, and they must not be suddenly corrected." The matter is in place, but how can the secretary of state go? And the mind is lost, and there is no need to sympathize with the customs. ”
Wang Anshi said: "The subject is thin, and I am afraid that I will misunderstand Your Majesty's wishes." Looking at the previous Xingwang, there were also those who did not change their customs for several years, and the discipline was not established today? ”
Song Shenzong said: "In the previous generation, or because of the decline and chaos, Fang's feelings were urgent, and it was easy to solve the problems and relieve difficulties, so it was easy; now that the decadent customs have been for a long time, it is difficult for fangs to converge and make the law degree." It is also appropriate, but it is unchanged and should be changed. If there is a rich deed, it is advisable to impeach the time, and now it is ruled accordingly. So many things have been done, and human feelings are afraid of gradual change. ”
Wang Anshi said: "As seen by the minister, it seems that the villain has not refused to change his face." If the subject foolishly thinks that His Majesty can really see the hypocrisy of the people and manipulate the interests and harms, then who dares to be embarrassed? However, the people of the imperial court do not dare to be evil, that is, the customs have changed, so why worry about the discipline? ”
For leaving, Wang Anshi did not insist anymore.
However, on June 13, because of the departure of Li Ping, an official of the Gate Division, Wang Anshi and Song Shenzong had a disagreement. Wang Anshi "Evil Li Comment, will want to go." But Song Shenzong said, "Brother is afraid that there is something to say." In this way, I am afraid that Li Ping will have a statement. Wang Anshi said, "If Your Majesty listens partially, he will have something to say." If you push the hammer, you will see the deception. Soon Song Shenzong gave instructions: "It can be ordered to comment on the matter of hooking up the door." ”
Fifteenth, Wang Anshi "sued" and asked for leave from work. Song Shenzong "ordered Feng Zongdao to ask An Shi", but Wang Anshi "asked for a flight attendant because of the attached table".
Song Shenzong "blamed An Shi for begging to go", Wang Anshi said: "Fatigue and illness do not work hard, concurrently serve for a long time, accumulate a lot of resentment at home and abroad, and have a dusty face of human feelings." ”
Song Shenzong said, "Has Qing always been afraid of people who resent evil? What is the congestion of human feelings? Do you have to judge Lee? ”
Wang Anshi said: "The subject is pregnant with the shape of a song, and the Chen is not there. ”
Song Shenzong said, "Qing Wu is suspicious? Self-knowledge is a matter of the world. For example, Lü Zhi was less than Qing Zheng and Lu Qi, and Lu Zhiqing was not confused by Lü Zhi. ”
Wang Anshi said: "The conduct of the minister in his life is not doubted, and Emperor Renzong knows the system, only once to the temple, and there is no party with the minister." And His Majesty's promotion, which was not more than a month or two, and at the beginning he did not try to do anything, Lü Zhi nai took Fang Luqi, this does not wait for His Majesty to be wise, and then he can know his delusions. If you have been in office for a long time, there are many suspected traces, and the slanderer may be too lü jie, that is, the subject does not dare to protect His Majesty. ”
Emperor Shenzong of Song said, "Lü Gongzhuo and Qing traveled to each other's goodness, but han Qi would use his soldiers to please the wicked on the side of the king, and he would not be confused by the public works." ”
Wang Anshi said: "The public said this, nor is It that His Majesty is clever and then arguable. How can there be such a courtesy when you are clearly above? ”
Song Shenzong said, "Although friends may not know what Qing has, as for the people, they know this when they see Qing and Qing, and they don't know why." He and Qing knew each other, which had never been seen in recent times, so they were only forms for the monarch. The form is not enough, but the righteousness of the monarch is more important than the friend. If a friend and secretary of state are so diligent in their appointment, it is advisable for them to be less humbled. Since He and Qing are kings and subjects, and Ande is not bent by Yuan? ”
Wang Anshi said: "The minister has been good at doing things for a long time, and there have been no provocateurs. And if he provokes and then asks for it, it will harm His Majesty's knowledge of people and hurt his subjects' selfish righteousness. ”
Emperor Shenzong of Song "fixed the stay", "retreated from three or four, and stayed firmly on the top, and ordered it into the Zhongshu". Wang Anshi "replayed", but "there are instructions in the gate and other places not to accept the Anshi script".
Twenty, Wang Anshi went to see Song Shenzong and said, "Your Majesty does not allow his subjects to go, and his subjects do not dare to disobey the Holy Will." However, if the subject is sick, if he is more reluctant than half a year old, he must be bothered to listen to the holy one again. ”
Song Shenzong said, "Qing Xu Shuo is very good at his position, but how can he beg again after half a year?" Don't do it. ”
In August, Wang Anshi's son, Wang Yun (王雱), a former Lieutenant of Jingde County, was appointed "Prince Zhongyun" and "Chongzhengdian Storyteller". When Wang Yun was a child, Wang Anshi and his younger brother Wang Anguo "white-headed poor scriptures, reciting and pondering at night", And Wang Yun "heard and learned from the side, and the next pen ran through, unvalled, and had written hundreds of thousands of words". In the fourth year of Song Yingzong's reign, Wang Yun was admitted as a jinshi and appointed the official Jingde County Lieutenant, and before he took office, he "made more than thirty pieces of strategy, discussed the affairs of the world, and all of them were implemented by An Shi Auxiliary Government", and also wrote "Lao Tzu's Teachings" and "Interpretation of the Buddhist Book", "also tens of thousands of words". Someone reported the book written by Wang Yun to Song Shenzong, at this time Wang Anshi asked to leave his post, Song Shenzong hurriedly summoned Wang Yun and appointed Wang Yun to a new position, and "An Shi was also happy that he was close enough to help himself, because he would not resign."
In September, Zuo Shu and Menxia Shilang and Pingzhangshi Zeng Gongliang were appointed as "Sikong and Shizhong" as envoys of the "Three Cities of Heyang" festival and Jixi Guan. At first, Zeng Gongliang recommended Wang Anshi to Emperor Shenzong of Song that he could be "of great use", and waited until he "ruled with Wang Anshi", "knowing that the direction of Anshi and Yin helped him, and if he did not agree with him, he would put the Ordinance Department more open and listen to everything", and "every time he sent his son Xiao Kuan to consult with An Shi, there was no difference in the front, so Shangyi trusted him". Su Shi once found an opportunity to rebuke Zeng Gongliang for "not being able to save the imperial court", and Zeng Gongliang said: "Shang and An Shi are like one, but they are also heavenly!" ”
In October, Wang Anshi's younger brother, Wang Anguo, a former Wuchang Jiedushi official, entered the imperial court as a "Scholar of Chongwen Academy". Previously, when Wang Anguo was appointed to the capital after the appointment of "Professor of the Western JingGuoZijian", Song Shenzong "summoned the right person with An Shi", but when Song Shenzong asked Wang Anguo: "An Shi Bingzheng, what is the foreign argument?" Wang Anguo replied, "But the hatred is too urgent, and the people who know it are not clear." Song Shenzong was "silently displeased." "When an guo was first called, people thought that they would have a feast, so they had no other grace. For a long time, it is necessary to take up the office of the museum."
Wang Anshi transformation method