When the protection of cultural relics meets high technology, do you also want to come to the cultural protection laboratory to find out? On the afternoon of January 14, more than 20 people in the media group came to the newly completed Wu Culture Museum Cultural Protection Laboratory to understand the secret.
After graduating from Fudan University majoring in cultural relics protection, Ma Mingyuan after 95 years entered the Wu Culture Museum to work, in the museum, everyone likes to call him "Little Brother Ma".
As a "cultural relics doctor", the use of professional knowledge and scientific and technological means to carry out cultural relics protection and research is one of the main work contents of Xiao Ma Ge. In the picture above, he is using an ultrasonic cleaner to dust and rust a bronze sword that will soon enter the Museum.
But in fact, the collection of cultural relics is far from the usual understanding of taking pictures, registering, putting into the warehouse as simple, dust removal and rust removal is only a step in many processes, it also needs more involvement in science and technology.
In addition to dust removal and rust removal, Xiao Ma Ge will also use an integrated microscope to observe the surface morphology of the bronze sword, use an infrared Raman spectrometer to determine the structure of the sword, and finally use an X fluorescence analyzer to determine the composition of the sword, after a series of data collection, with other normative operations and processes, a bronze sword can officially become the collection of the Wu Culture Museum.
The above cultural relics data collection work with the help of scientific instruments was completed in the Cultural Protection Laboratory built by the Wu Culture Museum in October 2021.
Conservation goes hand in hand with research
Why set up a cultural security laboratory?
Wudi culture is splendid and long, and there are many historical relics. At present, wu culture museum has a collection of more than 6800 sets of cultural relics, covering ceramics, bronzes, calligraphy and paintings, silk fabrics, jade, miscellaneous and other categories, including ceramics, bronzes, organic matter cultural relics.
The overall preservation of the collection is in good condition, but there are also a certain degree of dirty damage and other problems, and the cultural protection laboratory can better study and protect the existing collection on the one hand through the application of more new technologies, new materials and new concepts, on the other hand, to lay the foundation for the future collection of new cultural relics.
The Wu Culture Museum was officially opened on June 28, 2020, and began to prepare for the Cultural Protection Laboratory in early July, and after more than a year of investigation, research, demonstration and review, the construction was completed in early October 2021.
In addition to the protection, research and analysis of the existing collections and the cultural relics to be collected in the future, the portable scientific and technological equipment of the Cultural Protection Laboratory has significant advantages in space and efficiency of use, and it is easier to go deep into the archaeological site and provide scientific research support for front-line archaeological work. Just as in October last year, the Wu Culture Museum and the Suzhou Archaeological Research Institute cooperated to build the Wuzhong Workstation, through which the Cultural Protection Laboratory will also provide more assistance for suzhou's archaeological research work.
High-tech blessing
What does the Cultural Protection Lab look like?
As soon as you enter the laboratory, you can feel the full sense of science and technology ~ Here is equipped with a number of "black technology equipment", which can protect, research and analyze cultural relics from different dimensions. According to the design and planning of the functional area, the laboratory is divided into three functional rooms: the cultural relics photography and video room, the cultural relics protection and restoration room and the cultural relics science and technology analysis room.
Cultural relics photography and video room: composed of photographic camera equipment and a variety of auxiliary equipment, it undertakes the collection of basic cultural relics information such as cultural relics photography and video and three-dimensional cultural relics scanning.
Cultural relics protection and restoration room: it is composed of restoration and polishing tools, ultrasonic cleaning tools, stereo microscopes and other professional equipment, mainly for cultural relics protection and restoration and daily cleaning and maintenance work.
Cultural relics science and technology analysis room: composed of X fluorescence analyzer, infrared spectrometer and microscopic laser Raman spectrometer and other equipment, the cultural relics for scientific and non-destructive information collection and analysis research, undertake cultural relics composition structure analysis and disease mechanism research work.
About the future
Science and technology empower cultural security development and society shares cultural security resources
In the basic exhibition of the Wu Culture Museum, there are more than 1,000 pieces/sets of cultural relics in the collection. The cultural protection laboratory not only pays attention to the cultural relics of the warehouse, but also pays attention to the cultural relics of the exhibition hall. Using the Cultural Protection Laboratory, the Wu Culture Museum will build a monitoring system for the temperature and humidity of the cultural relics preservation environment, harmful gases, and ambient light, and improve the mobile monitoring function of harmful gases, the temperature and humidity control system of the exhibition hall and the warehouse. Ensure that cultural relics are always in a "clean and stable" environment.
At the same time, relying on the museum collection management system, according to the number of cultural relics in the collection and the possible disease problems, the statistics of the damage of the cultural relics in the collection are completed, and the work of summarizing and recording the degree of repair can be completed, and the overall treatment of diseases in batches and diseases is planned.
In addition, the Wu Culture Museum will rely on the cultural relics protection and restoration room to complete the necessary cleaning, dust removal and restoration and maintenance of cultural relics and precious cultural relics in the exhibition hall. The use of the museum collection management system platform to achieve information statistics and management of cultural relics cleaning and restoration archives, and truly achieve that cultural relics restoration can be documented.
Wu Culture Museum will also actively cooperate with scientific research institutes and cultural institutions, and deepen scientific research into the frontline work of archaeology through the cultural protection laboratory.
In November 2021, the General Office of the State Council issued the "14th Five-Year Plan for the Protection of Cultural Relics and Scientific and Technological Innovation", which focused on the comprehensive improvement of the level of cultural relics protection and the leap in the ability of cultural relics scientific and technological innovation through various means. The completion of the Wenbao Laboratory is an important step taken by the Wu Culture Museum in improving the level of cultural relics protection and scientific research capabilities.
From the daily collection management of cultural relics to the exhibition and utilization of cultural relics, from the scientific analysis and research of cultural relics to the digitization of cultural relics information, Wu Culture Museum will firmly establish and practice the concept of "cultural relics safety and cultural relics protection" in an all-round way, gradually establish a cultural relics protection system that integrates "restoration, research and prevention", and use science and technology to empower the development of cultural protection.
When heritage preservation meets high technology
The Wu Culture Museum invites you to explore together
At the scene, Chen Xiaoling, deputy director of the Wu Culture Museum, said that as a public cultural service institution, the Wu Culture Museum has always adhered to the concept of open innovation to share museum resources with the public. After the completion of the Cultural Protection Laboratory, it will also serve as an important place for museum education, and will be open to audiences of different ages through various forms of educational activities. This Saturday, the Wu Culture Museum will launch the first "Museum Cultural Protection Laboratory Exploration" activity, inviting the public to unlock the high-tech hidden in the museum and reveal the story behind the cultural relics. At the same time, the Wu Culture Museum also invites people from all walks of life to share laboratory instruments and equipment to jointly help the vigorous development of cultural relics protection. (Li Shuang, Wang Min)
【Source: China Net, Beautiful Jiangsu】