Emperor Wudi of Han is an emperor in the history of our country that must be mentioned, throughout the life of Emperor Wudi of Han, some people say that he is heroic and strategic, some people say that he is poor in military force, but in general, the flaws are not hidden, especially the Chinese nation has taken a new height, especially against the Xiongnu, but also laid the dominant position of the Han Dynasty, but also let the prestige of the Han Dynasty enjoy a reputation at home and abroad.
Such a Han Wu Emperor also made many mistakes in his later years, which is also a stain on the life of Han Wu Emperor, and when evaluating the merits of Han Wu Emperor, these things are inevitably taken out and said. However, even if he was as strong as Emperor Wudi of Han, he encountered many setbacks when he just succeeded to the throne, and even for Emperor Wudi of Han who had just succeeded to the throne, it was a very big blow.
Perhaps as the saying goes, the heavens will descend on the Si people, how to see the rainbow without experiencing wind and rain, no one is born to be a leader, it must be growing up in many setbacks, and eventually become a generation of leaders, Emperor Wu of Han is such a person
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When Emperor Wudi of Han succeeded to the throne, he was only 16 years old, it was the adolescence of Emperor Wudi of Han, the young man had a passion for blood, and he also saw that there were many drawbacks in the court, so the young Emperor Wudi of Han began to prepare for reform in a big way.
Promote Confucianism and eliminate maladministration
。 In Chinese history, any reform is bound to offend a number of powerful people, whether it is the Shang Martingale Transformation Law or the Wang Anshi Transformation Law, and Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty is naturally no exception. And the young Emperor Wu of Han's reform this time, not only offended a large number of princes and nobles, but also even Empress Dou who liked him very much, and finally Emperor Wu of Han lost in the game with Empress Dou, and the first New Deal was also a fiasco, Empress Dou also really taught the young Emperor Wu of Han a lesson, and Empress Dou also showed a big god operation: How is power applied?
I. What does Emperor Wu of Han's New Deal contain?
The reason why Emperor Wu of Han's New Deal was opposed was mainly because it touched the interests of the princes and nobles, so what was the content of the New Deal? main
Promote Confucianism and eliminate maladministration
In the time of Emperor Wen of Han and Emperor Jing of Han, due to the war between the late Qin and Chu and Han Dynasties, as well as the long-term counterinsurgency of Liu Bang, the ancestor of Han Gaozu, the domestic loss was serious, so it was very necessary to adopt a policy of recuperation at this time, after the recuperation of the two dynasties of Emperor Wen of Han and Emperor Jing of Han, the Han Dynasty was already relatively rich, and it was precisely because of the weakening of national strength that the Xiongnu adopted a policy of peace and affection for many years, which also made Emperor Wu of Han feel very humiliated. Therefore, after Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty ascended the throne, it was necessary to change this situation, and the first thing to do was to abolish the "Huang LaozhiXue" of recuperation and become the "Confucianism" of a strong country.
And Emperor Wu of Han's grandmother Empress Dou was a loyal fan of "Huang Laozhixue", which naturally offended Empress Dou, but at this time Empress Dou loved her grandson very much and had not yet intervened, and then something happened that made Empress Dou intolerable, here for the time being, there is an explanation later.
The second point is to eliminate maladministration. There are three main points of maladministration, one of which is:
Let the princes take the country
What does that mean? Many people were enfeoffed and had their own fiefdoms, but these marquises refused to go to their fiefdoms in the capital, which was a great threat to the monarchy, and the people who were enfeoffed could help Emperor Wu of Han manage one side;
Lift the ban and abolish the ban on Hangu Pass
In the early Han Dynasty, the laws of the Qin Dynasty were used, and the corresponding documents were required to enter and exit The Hangu Pass, just like today's passport must be presented when going abroad, but Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty believes that there will be no public security problems in the current new dynasty weather, Guotai and Min'an, so the ban on The Ban on Hangu Pass is lifted;
To rectify the clan relatives, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty should carry forward the concept of "clan relatives breaking the law and committing the same crime as the people", and could not let those princes and nobles run amok and know the law and break the law
Therefore, judging from the above three points, let the princes take the country and rectify the clan relatives, and Emperor Wudi of Han has made himself stand against the nobility, which will naturally cause dissatisfaction among the nobles, so the nobles will definitely try to prevent the new policy of Emperor Wu of Han.
Second, Empress Dowager Dou intervened, leaving Emperor Wu of Han in the New Deal stillborn
When the nobles heard about the contents of Emperor Wudi of Han's new policies, they complained to Empress Dou every day, and after a long time, Empress Dou was also annoyed, even if she liked this grandson very much, she could not stand so many flies buzzing in her ears every day, and she also began to have opinions on Emperor Wudi of Han's new policies. At this moment, the Imperial Master Zhao Xuan made a stupid mistake, which was the fuse that made Empress Dou explode. Zhao Xuan suggested to Emperor Wu of Han:
In the future, will there be no need to report to the Eastern Palace on major events in the DPRK and China?
What is the East Palace? At this time, the Eastern Palace referred to Empress Dou, that is to say, Emperor Wu of Han, who had just succeeded to the throne, wanted to directly pro-government and thus bypass Empress Dou.
This matter reached Empress Dowager Dou's ears, and Empress Dowager Dou immediately exploded, what did she mean? Just after succeeding to the throne, she didn't take me seriously, and now she began to grab power, and Empress Dou was also very obsessed with power, and naturally did not allow her grandson to behave in this way. Another reason is that as mentioned above, Emperor Wu of Han wanted to promote Confucianism, and since he wanted to revitalize Confucianism, he had to abolish the "Huang Laozhi Learning", which naturally made Empress Dou intolerable, so combining the above two factors, Empress Dou finally decided to take action.
First,
Empress Dou is a die-hard fan of "Huang Laozhixue"
Now that Emperor Wu of Han wanted to abolish it, it must have been seduced by the ministers below, especially during the han Jing Emperor period, Confucian Emperor Yuangusheng was already dissatisfied with these Confucians and Confucianism because he had offended Lao Tzu, who was worshipped by Empress Dou, and Empress Dou threw him into the Colosseum.
The second point is
Empress Dou and Emperor Wu of Han's power struggle
。 Empress Dou herself had a very strong desire for power, from the initial suggestion that Emperor Jing of Han let his youngest son Liang Xiaowang succeed him after his death, and then to the later favor of Princess Guantao, all of which were the result of Empress Dou's manipulation, and now the imperial master Zhao Xuan actually proposed that the state affairs did not need to ask Empress Dou, but directly reported to Emperor Wu of Han, which naturally caused Empress Dou's strong dissatisfaction. For Empress Dou, you are a little doll, the hair has not yet grown, now you dare to grab power, just succeed to the throne and do not pay attention to yourself.
This time, Empress Dou, who had traversed the Three Dynasties, was strong and solid to teach the young Emperor Wu of Han a lesson, so that Emperor Wu of Han could see what means were and how power was played.
Enraged, Empress Dowager Dou immediately took action and ordered the removal of Zhao Xuan, Wang Zang, and other officials, all of whom worshiped Confucianism, and not only that, but also had people investigate whether Zhao Xuan had committed a crime. Not only that, but he also deposed his own nephews, Dou Bao, and Tai wei Tian Jie.
It can be said that this time Empress Dowager Dou struck hard, directly deposing many of the country's many ministers, and even going to jail, and launching a fierce attack, even her own nephews were not spared, and Empress Dou's political means can be seen.
This was the first confrontation between Empress Dou and Emperor Wu of Han, and the final result was that Emperor Wu of Han was completely defeated and was beaten by the elderly Empress Dou, and the elderly Empress Dou really taught Emperor Wu of Han a lesson:
Little grandson, learn a little, this is how power is played
This time it can be said that it gave the young Emperor Wu of Han a heavy blow, but Emperor Wu of Han was only sixteen years old when he succeeded to the throne, and some of them had the opportunity to practice, and this time they also learned a lot of things.
In this contest, Emperor Wu of Han also paid the price for his youth, seriously underestimating the strength of Empress Dou, the empress dowager of the Three Dynasties, and blindly misjudging his own strength, thinking that his emperor could do whatever he wanted. However, in the eyes of Empress Dowager Dou, Emperor Wudi of Han was still too young and did not have any political means and political strength, and the defeat of Emperor Wudi of Han this time was also reasonable
summary:
After Empress Dowager Dou directly attacked the implementers of these new policies, she also announced the total failure of the first new policy of Emperor Wu of Han. Empress Dou this time played a set of combination punches, the first punch grabbed the handle of Zhao Xuan, Wang Zang and others, forcing them to commit suicide; the second punch punished the chancellor, not to punish Emperor Wu of Han, which was also a clever point of Empress Dou, knowing that she could not have a direct conflict with the emperor, to save face for the emperor, it was more like a warning; the third fist adjusted the leadership team and replaced it with her own people.
It can be said that this set of combined fists directly hit the young Emperor Wu of Han, and before Emperor Wu of Han could understand it, his new policy was declared a failure