"Reading a Book" - Reading Notes Guide Sharing

This text number is 4618 and the estimated reading time is 12 minutes.

The book I'm sharing today is "Reading a Book."

The author of this book is Fan Deng, the founder of "Fan Deng Reading"; he holds a master's degree from Xi'an Jiaotong University and a doctorate from Beijing Normal University; and he has worked for CCTV and hosted programs such as "Tell the Truth," "Studio 12," and "Samsung Intelligence Express."

Fan Deng believes that reading is not fast: digesting 1 book a week, reading 52 books a year, 1,000 books alone is not as good as a set of methods. Absorb without getting it all: 600 pages can also be condensed into 50 minutes, and cleverly grabbing the core content is to save yourself time. Knowledge is not in vain: entrepreneurship, the workplace, parenting, science and technology, history, philosophy, art. Teach you to find answers to problems in books.

So why should I share this book? Because how to read a book is a topic that many people want to know, this book can provide us with some references. Reading books has its own methods, not that after reading this book, I will read the book and understand a book. Rather, we read the book and understood the author's train of thought, and we knew where to start. Many readers ask me how to read, according to this question, I am also trying to write some articles to help everyone, but also set up a co-reading group to help book friends solve some reading problems, here welcome you to join. Well, let's get back to the point and get into the subject.

1

How to choose a book

Many people say that choosing books is very simple, but Fan Deng believes that how to choose books also has a set of logic, and before saying how to choose books, I want to talk about our several misunderstandings about reading, only by breaking these misunderstandings, we can correct the reading mentality, clarify the purpose of reading, and then know how to choose books.

1. Reading misunderstandings

First of all, many people say that reading is useless. This is the biggest misconception to know that continuous learning has become an inevitable trend. Why? You think that the current era is developing faster and faster, and knowledge is constantly being eliminated and updated. Our friends around us are constantly improving themselves, chatting with friends you don't know what the other party is talking about, will you feel embarrassed? So reading is important. Through reading, we can talk to more people in the most convenient way. This way our vision becomes more open, rather than being limited to the people and things we see in front of our eyes.

Taleb once said that reading is the only effective way to develop a talent. He called the education that Harvard University did, the model of teaching birds to fly, that is, the school set us a learning framework, if you want to become a doctor, you must learn what courses, only by learning all this you can become a doctor.

But Teacher Fan Deng said that like Einstein, Newton and other great people, their entry into the university is only an opportunity to learn, and the rest of their things are solved through reading. Everyone has strengths and weaknesses, and mass teaching in the classroom does not necessarily make great people. Because the teacher is different from you, the teacher does not know what your weakness is, and the teacher cultivates a similar person at most, so these great people are using reading to learn. So only through reading can we grow individually and be able to achieve Keep Learning.

The second misunderstanding, reading only pursues usefulness? This point seems to be antithetical to the first misunderstanding, but it does not prevent it from remaining a misunderstanding. If a person reads a book in order to let the book solve practical problems after reading it, and if he is angry if he does not solve the problem, then he completely misunderstands the role of the book. Books are only catalysts, they can only help, and the key to solving the problem in the end is yourself. If you rely on books completely utilitarianly, you will fall into the trap of "reading utilitarianism".

In fact, reading every good book must be useful. So we should try to read good books. Then reading books must be useful, whether it is a subset of the history of the scriptures, or the career, family, and soul that we have learned today, it will bring benefits to our lives.

The third misunderstanding, can not be understood. First of all, you must know that reading or not reading must not be a fixed state, because reading and reading will read and understand. Don't just read books that you can read, or only read books that interest you, you can easily fall into the trap of "stock skills". A person who is really good at learning may read a book and this problem has been solved. Read books to be comprehensive, don't read only one type of book, because it won't help you broaden your horizons.

The fourth misunderstanding is that reading is a private matter. This is limited to the realm of literature, but for relativity it is not a private matter. Because this is a public knowledge, we need to discuss and reach consensus knowledge together, and only if you learn it will you know his right and wrong.

The last misunderstanding is that reading it yourself works best. What I want to say is, don't read it yourself, you can share the book you read with your book friends, collide ideas, and use people as a mirror. Why? Because many times you may not be able to read it, listening to other people's ideas can help you improve your understanding of the book and make up for the shortcomings. When you understand it, understand the theme of the book, and then look at the context will be clear, but it is easy to improve your reading ability.

2. Book selection

So how should we choose a good book? Fan Deng proposes the TIPS principle in the book, which represents the four dimensions of our book selection:

First, T, Tools, there are tools in this book that can learn something that can be practiced, such as "Nonviolent Communication" and "Key Dialogue". With this tool you can apply immediately and can change your life.

Second, I'm called Idea. New ideas, new concepts, new ideas, or new developments. For example, "Worldview".

Third, P, practicability, is practicality, can bring changes to our lives and work, then if you have T, I believe there will be practicality.

Fourth, S is scientific, so it is supported by rigorous scientific literature, and then there are corresponding experiments, which have a certain degree of falsifiability. For example, "Speculation and Position".

So what if this book doesn't have the TIPS principles? For example, such a famous book as "One Hundred Years of Solitude", Fan Deng said that literary works can be appreciated, and it is very interesting. In general, the selection of books should be scientific and constructive. Because if a good book is different from what we used to know, then it is a constructive book, and we need to take it seriously.

2

How to read a book

Why do you read? If the knowledge of each book cannot be transformed into ability through effective means, no amount of it is a sunk time cost. The most important thing is not the number of books read, but to really read and eat a book thoroughly. When most people read, they may not think that there are any words and sentences that they can't understand, but do you really understand them? How do you really read a book? The most important thing is to improve your reading ability, how big is the pool of your comprehension ability, and how difficult books you can read. This pool consists of 7 parts.

1. Knowledge of economics

The basic thinking of economics is something that contemporary people must master. For example, Stiglitz's "Economics", Samuelson's "Economics", Man kun's "Economics", "The Way of Thinking in Economics", you can read these books, and when you have read all these books, you will know that economics was originally such a way of thinking, how economics looks at costs, how to look at prices.

When you have an economic way of thinking, after you hear some suggestions, or the ideas in the book, you can think critically about it from the perspective of economics to understand whether what he said is right or not, and whether there is anything to be discussed.

2. Psychological knowledge

Psychological knowledge is the only way to understand human motivation, if we can grasp a certain amount of psychological knowledge, we are easier to understand, about family education, about parent-child relationship, about this conjugal relationship, the principle of interpersonal interaction.

3. Common sense of Sinology

For example, Lao Tzu, Analects, Mencius, and Zhuangzi, the syntax of these four books, have mastered the vocabulary, so it will be much smoother to read the ancient text.

4. Management knowledge

Management is a discipline that deals with contemporary interpersonal relationships, so behind it is leadership. That is, if you only have the previous knowledge of Traditional Chinese Studies, Economics, and Psychology, how do you deal with complex interpersonal relationships? Almost everyone gets into the pain of relationships at some point.

For example, they will not lead the team, will not manage upwards, will not report work, and will not deal with interpersonal issues at work. At this time, we need to learn some basic theories, such as how to shape a common vision; how to broaden our communication horizons through communication; how to be respected and trusted; how to give feedback to others; how to praise; how to criticize; how to soothe the emotions of others when they encounter bad emotions.

5. Knowledge of logic

Logic is to give yourself the ability to distinguish logic, when you encounter problems, you can know how to argue, how to effectively ask questions.

6. Philosophical knowledge

Philosophy can broaden one's horizons and raise the level of cognition. If you, as a disseminator of knowledge, think of the trivialities of daily life every day, it is difficult for you to bring higher level inspiration to others. After reading a lot of philosophy books, you can get out of the status quo. The reason you're concerned about the problem is too small is because you don't see the higher-level problem.

7. Life experience

If you read a book with no life experience at all, you will find it boring because you don't know what the book is about. For example, "It's Not Your Fault", "History of Science", "Worldview", etc. These books can help us improve our experience. So as long as you are willing to learn, in any field, you will be able to find the most classic and effective books.

In order to understand a book, we need to develop the habit of summarizing after reading it, that is, the rumination of knowledge. The best way is to tell others, check and fill in the gaps, and don't be afraid to talk badly, this requires a process.

3

How to deconstruct a book

Every book has its own mission, and the process of reading a book is to artificially figure out what problems a book solves, grasp the context and focus of a book. Don't worry, even the most complex book has a structure.

1. Find a sense of mission

Every book has a mission, it's bound to solve a big problem in life, and when you can find that mission, you have to think about how it will be done. In the process of writing this book, in fact, there is a way of communication between the author and the reader. We need to be able to distill the program of this book.

For example, the Analects, what is its purpose? The Analects book is to tell us how a person can settle down in society, and the Analects is about benevolence, righteousness, wisdom, and faith, how to make friends, and so on.

2. Writing background

Regarding the topics in the books, what people in the relevant fields have discussed, which institutions have done research, and what their conclusions are, some books will definitely write like this. Some books have no background narrative and jump directly to the solution.

For example, "Controlling The Conversation", written by an FBI negotiator, did not follow the standard academic logic. The book throws out the most useful content from the beginning. Background knowledge of a book can help readers broaden their horizons and let people understand what the state of cutting-edge research of a theory is, so as to indirectly recognize the value of the book.

3. Solution

Again, it's the most valuable part of a book: what solutions are there; or how the story happens, what is the process of change. Why do I say "or"? For example, books such as "Su Dongpo" and "The Biography of Leonardo da Vinci" describe the process and have no solution. These books are not meant to solve a problem, but to tell the reader what important stages the protagonist has gone through in his life, and the whole text uses storytelling writing techniques.

The tools in this section is all about finding solutions. For example, the book "Speculation and Position", after talking about the importance of the theme, begins to talk about how to obtain speculative and critical thinking, and then points out that we need to have the fairness of thinking, the bravery of thinking, etc., and finally lists a lot of solutions for readers.

A large number of arguments are used in the process of justifying these solutions. What is an argument? For example, statistics, comparative experiments, long-term tracking of survey results, a large number of cases. These are all valuable things in the book.

4. Summarize the sublimation of value

The last part of the book, in general, will be sublimated. What is value sublimation? That's what this book is all about. What is the significance of this book? What kind of effect can we achieve in the end? How does the author hope you will feel after reading this book?

For example, you know that fear of death is the most important psychological driving force in life, what does it mean for your life? What are you going to do next? You know that intimacy is based on the fact that you are not complete, marriage is not a one-person affair, so you need to build your heart more completely, so what good will it be for your marriage? If more people in society knew about this, what kind of impact would it have on the marital status of the whole society?

Therefore, when we read a book, we must first learn to extract the problem from the book, that is, the mission of the book, and at the same time sublimate its value. For example, the Analects can be summarized into many categories of themes, some people use it to argue about family relations, some people use it to argue about workplace relations, some people use it to govern the country, and some people use it to argue psychological problems. Half of the Analects govern the world because its themes are broad and universal. This is what we call value sublimation.

Finally, I wrote down the essence of a book, how to remember it? First, when you feel that the concept is clearly defined, be sure to write it down. Second, remember the problem when you feel it's important; third, when you feel that a certain explanation surprises you; fourth, when you see a progressive relationship, this part is important, write it down, and so on. It is then presented in the form of a mind map, which forms the essence of the whole book.