Thousands of years ago, the ancestors slowly walked out of the cave and walked to the bank of the Haihe River. How do they live? What labor appliances are used? What cultural relics are left behind?
Recently, dongguan found the first sand dune type of ancient cultural sites, according to the characteristics of excavated relics and accumulation status, the site is dated from the end of the Neolithic period to the Shang period, it is speculated that it may be the production of domestic waste dumping sites in the settlement.
The sand dune ruins discovered for the first time in Dongguan are of great significance to enriching the types of ancient cultural sites in Dongguan, extending the historical axis of Dongguan, enhancing the credibility of Dongguan's history, and enriching the historical connotation of Dongguan, and is another example of Dongguan as an important birthplace of Lingnan civilization.
The archaeological excavation project at the Shajiao site is also a preliminary attempt by Dongguan in the field of public archaeology, inviting public participation and further enhancing the public's understanding of archaeology and cultural relics.
Explore the Lingnan civilization from excavated relics
In the archaeological excavation project of Shajiao Site, the jade rings unearthed are exquisite, the pottery pieces are decorated with a wide variety of patterns, and there is no shortage of stone tools such as hammers, hammers, and stones.
As a delicate ornament, the jade ring has the role of symbolizing status, which shows that the human society at that time had a certain layering.
Jade ring
The pottery pieces are mainly sand pottery, and there is no shortage of clay pottery. Sand-filled pottery is named for the incorporation of a certain amount of sand and other fragments into the clay, which is not easy to crack when heated, and is used as a cooker, which began to appear in the Neolithic Age. It plays a huge role in improving people's living environment and changing from raw food habits of ru mao drinking blood to cooked food.
The pottery pieces include more than ten kinds of ornaments such as rope patterns and zigzag patterns, and the recognizable shapes include pots, kettles, beans, etc., speculating that people at that time already had a certain aesthetic level, and the local pottery process was more mature.
Unearthed pottery pieces
Wash and dry pottery tablets on site
Grinding stone tools are adapted to agricultural life and are conducive to improving labor efficiency. Grinding stone tools are an important feature of the Neolithic age, and the use of the Pearl River Delta continued into the Shang and Zhou Dynasties.
The stone axe, formerly known as a stone axe as a tool of production, later evolved into a weapon, and finally became a ceremonial instrument of power and majesty, mostly occupied by chiefs and tribal leaders.
Stone hammers are stone arrows, and bows and arrows are primitive hunting tools and weapons for combat.
Stone gong, rectangular, single-sided blade, some of the upper end of the stone gong has a "segment" (that is, grinding off a piece), called "a section of stone gong", equipped with a wooden handle can be used as a cutting, planing, is the main production tool from neolithic to the Shang and Zhou dynasties.
Stone, the whetstone of the time.
6,000 years ago, the ancestors decorated with exquisite jade rings, assisted farming with grinding stone tools, and the pottery pieces greatly improved the living environment, and the excavated relics reproduced the human history and civilization history of this land.
It is understood that the formation of sand dune sites in the Pearl River Delta is closely related to the development of landforms, dating back to around 6,000 years ago, the sea level of the Pearl River Delta reached the current height, forming a modern coastline pattern, and the accumulation of sand dunes gradually formed.
Public archaeology, so that cultural relics are no longer curved high and low
The archaeological excavation project of Shajiao Site, in the case of not yet completed, carefully selected a suitable archaeological site to open to the media, so that the media concerned about archaeology can visit the archaeological site at close range, personally experience the archaeological site, photograph and record the process of archaeological excavation and cleaning and sorting out the excavated relics.
This is Dongguan's initial attempt in the field of public archaeology. Through the perspective of the media, the charm of archaeology is displayed in front of the public; through accurate and systematic archaeological dissemination, professional archaeological results are known to the public.
Crews are extracting excavated objects
The reporter is learning about the unearthed pottery pieces
To understand the history of the city, archaeology is inseparable.
Dongguan has a history of more than 5,000 years of civilization, nearly 1,700 years of county construction, and more than 1,260 years of city building history, and is an important origin of Lingnan civilization. In the Neolithic age, the dawn of civilization has begun to appear in this land.
In June 1972, farmers in Shenghe Yuanling Village, Huangcun Town (now Nancheng Subdistrict) in Dongguan City, found a Song Dynasty brick chamber tomb when they were leveling the land on the slope of Bainikeng. Dongguan Municipal Cultural and Museum Unit, together with the archaeologists of the Provincial Museum, cleaned up, and unearthed a total of 4 pottery altars, 2 silver bracelets, 1 porcelain bowl, silver noodles, bronze mirrors, and ceramic stoves, and several copper coins.
This archaeological excavation opened the prelude to dongguan archaeology. Since then, with the development of the city, the Dongguan Cultural Relics Work Department has consciously cooperated with large-scale infrastructure to carry out large-scale archaeological survey and excavation work, and in 2004, Dongguan took the lead in promulgating the "Dongguan Archaeological Work Management Measures" among the prefecture-level cities in the province.
Nowadays, Dongguan has found out the number of underground cultural relics, found a rich type and a large number of underground cultural relics, established a prehistoric cultural sequence of the Dongjiang River in Dongguan City, and sorted out the archaeological and cultural context of Dongguan.
Among them, the Oyster Gang Shell Hill Site is one of the few shell hill sites excavated from the Pearl River Delta, and the province's first prehistoric site museum in the city center was built on the original site, while the Dongguan Cuntou Site is the largest preserved shell hill site in the Pearl River Delta.
"We will dig deep into the rich connotation of the site and show the historical context of the origin and development of civilization in Dongguan." The relevant person in charge of the Dongguan Municipal Bureau of Culture, Radio, Television, Tourism and Sports said that they will further rely on infrastructure archaeological projects to build a complete development sequence of Dongguan city.
In addition, the form of public archaeology will also be further expanded, through the selection of suitable archaeological sites, the public is invited to participate, so that the awareness of cultural relics protection is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
【Author】 Gong Ju Gong Mingyang
Courtesy of respondents
【Author】 Gong Ju Gong Mingyang
【Source】 Southern Press Media Group South + client