At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the king of Goryeo wanted to buy both sides of the rat, but was eventually killed by the eunuchs for offending the Northern Yuan. Subsequently, the Lee Dynasty Wang clan established the Lee Clan Korea. In the end, the relationship between Korea and the Ming Dynasty was completely stabilized during the Yongle period. However, in the process, in the face of the attack of the Wokou, for its own interests, the Joseon Dynasty cooperated with the Wokou to sell the stolen goods, and this act was gradually learned by the Yongle Emperor.
What effect did the "sea ban" policy of the Hongwu Yongle period play in the rise of the Wokou?
It can be said that the Wokou already existed in the Yuan Dynasty, and the "sea ban" policy was because the Wokou raided and harassed. At the same time, there is also a theory that the rise of the Wokou is due to Chinese merchants, in fact, this argument is the same, only taking the history of the Wukou in the middle and late Ming Dynasty to negate the Wukou problem in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. It is a misconception that Japan can get rid of its responsibilities. Of course, there is no malice.
The Japanese Wokou had a master, and the role of Chinese merchants should not be exaggerated
At first, after Zhu Yuanzhang founded the People's Republic of China, because of problems such as transportation and communications, he had a wrong understanding of the Political Situation in Japan. Therefore, the envoys sent out had a relationship with the Southern Dynasty. As a result, Zhu Yuanzhang, the tough leader of the Southern Dynasty, was very angry. Later, the Northern Emperor and the Ashikaga shogunate had a relationship with the first year of the Ming Dynasty 's Yongle (probably because Zhu Di was in Beijing, and the information was more convenient).
However, the Ashikaga shogunate was a weak shogunate and did not have much influence over the daimyo (princes) of Tsushima and Kyushu. As a result, from the beginning of the Northern and Southern Dynasties (1336-1392) until the fall of the Muromachi shogunate, it was impossible to exercise effective control over the Wokou. In the case of good relations with the Ming Dynasty, the Wokou problem was not solved.
Yongle believes that since you are the central government, you must restrain your own people and subordinates. For this reason, several clashes occurred with the Ashikaga shogunate. In order to cause dissatisfaction between the Ming Dynasty and the Ashikaga shogunate, it was conducive to the existence of various princes in Japan.
The leaders of the "Mishima Wokou" of Hizen Matsuura in Tsushima, Ichiki Island, and Kitakyushu consciously sent the Wokou to harass me. At the same time, various forces that hated the Muromachi shogunate, losers of power struggles, and various kinds of kusanagi formed a torrent. Constantly impact yongle dprk national defense.
By the middle and late Ming Dynasty, Chinese merchants had cooperated with the Japanese wokou masters in order to force the central government to support overseas trade, especially private overseas trade.
During the Hongwu and Yongle periods, Wukou invaded Hua
We have recorded through the "Records of Taizu" and "Records of Chengzu" to list some relatively large cases of Wokou, which shows that the problem of Wokou is actually not light.
In the summer of the second summer of Hongwu, in April, Hezi: Sheng Taicang Wei commanded You Shi Weng De as the deputy envoy, and first the Wukou invaded Suzhou Chongming in the middle of the island, killing and injuring the residents and seizing goods, and the coastal lands were all affected. Deshi Shou Taicang led his official army out to sea to capture him, but he defeated his people and obtained his weapons from ninety-two of them.
In June of the fifth year of Hongwu's reign, he was ugly: He ordered Yu Lin Wei to command Mao Junyuxian to command Tongzhi Yuan Yi and other leading troops to capture and drive out the Wukou of susong wentai's coastal counties.
Ashikaga Yoshinori (1386.-1428), son of Ashikaga Yoshimitsu
In June of the fifth year of Hongwu's reign, he commanded Mao Jun to defeat The Wukou in the Lower Lake Mountains of Wenzhou and chased them to the Shitang Ocean and captured more than 130 people from the Wu ships and sent them to the Jing Division.
Hongwu 5th Year July JiaShen: Zhao Zhejiang Fujian coastal jiuwei, built 660 sea boats to protect the emperor.
The Lord's Zhongshu Provincial Minister, he said: Since the revival of the army, the people's supply has been quite troublesome, and now it is a heavy labor to do it again, so it is a heavy labor for the people to do it, so those who protect their parents and wives are also afraid that there is a division that will take the people seriously, and they will complain about the list of the people, and the offenders of the edict will not be forgiven.
The provincial minister said: His Majesty loves the people and the cost of preventing their troubles is small and the benefit is great, and the minister tastes that the people are empty, compared with the cost of shipbuilding, if the ship is equipped with a royal tool, the people on the coast of the sea can be happy. What is the so-called grievance of profit for the benefit of the people? However, the prohibition of the division had to be strict, first of all, the endangered prefectures and counties were repeatedly hunted down by the officials and soldiers of the Wu Dynasty, and they often lacked boats and could not pursue, so they were killed.
In June of the second year of Yongle, Wukou plundered thousands of households in Zhejiang Province, and landed at Haikou in Daxie, Taozhu, Chikanzhai and Hujiagang to kill and plunder the army and the people.
Lee Sung-gyu, the founder of Lee's Korea
Yongle 7th Year First Moon Nongzi: Wokou invaded the East China Sea Thousand Households, retired to the Eagle Tour Mountain.
In November of the eighth year of Yongle, Wukou attacked Dajin, Dinghai 2,000 households, Fuzhou Luoyuan and other counties, killing and wounding soldiers and civilians, plundering the population and military grain reserves... So he took advantage of the situation to attack the Pinghai Acropolis. Commanding Wang Jun to supervise the battle, Hundred Households Miao Zhen and others were killed in battle. From tatsumi to the end, the thieves began to retreat.
Yongle eleventh year of the first month of the ugly: more than 3,000 thieves Kou Chang guo Wei Jue Xi Qianhu, siege of the city. The city was hit by a stone, and the thieves were killed and injured, so they retreated to the Trumen Thousand Households. BeiWu commanded Zhou Rong to lead his troops to pursue him, and the thieves were killed and drowned.
On the afternoon of July 13, Yongle: According to the understanding of the Korean envoys, on the same day, the thieves entered Lushunkou, collected all the treasures of the Heavenly Concubine Niangniang Temple, killed and wounded more than 20,000 people, abducted more than 150 people, and burned the Dengzhou warships and returned.
Yongle 14th year of May Ding Wei: Directly under the Jinshan Wei Song: There are more than 30 ships, and about 3,000 Wokou are in the sea. In June of the same year, Dengzhou Wei played: There are thirty-three thief ships berthed on Yangcun Island in Jinghaiwei.
North Korea, fearful of the Wokou, agreed to sell the booty to the Wokou
Hongwu's "sea ban" policy caused the frequency of Attacks by the Wukou to decrease in the Yongle period, however, the Wukou in the Yongle period were even larger. During the Hongwu period, there were dozens of people and hundreds of people in the Wokou, and there were only more than a hundred ships. However, by the Yongle period, there were more than 3,000 people, and at the same time, they already had the ability to attack the city and the guardhouse on a relatively large scale and resist the assistance.
Although there are only about thirty ships, it can be concluded that the shipbuilding technology of the ships has been significantly improved. Due to space limitations, we will not discuss it in detail. The conclusion is that the warships, both in size and speed, are similar to Chinese official ships, and the shipbuilding technology of North Korea, another country in Northeast Asia, is already relatively backward. For this reason, he has been frowning in the face of the attack of the Wokou. Eventually, he began to help the Wokou sell their booty.
In the fourteenth year of Yongle (1416) of the Ming Dynasty, in September 1416, King Taejong Li Fangyuan of Joseon ordered that the gifts of tribute from the envoys should not be accepted if they were not produced by their country, and they must have stolen the things of the Shangguo (Ming Dynasty) and refused to accept them.
The Gyeongsang-do water army was tempered and played: the Uighurs stole from China and sold them to our country, and then bought grain and clothing. Because we refused to accept it, they were very angry, and I expected that something was going to happen, and the Wokou were likely to attack. How can this be done?
To this end, the Korean courtiers consulted with Li Fangyuan in the hope of selling the stolen goods for the Wokou.
Li Fang was very hesitant after looking at it, how could he not only claim to be a vassal of the Ming Dynasty, but also accept China's plundered property? It's counterintuitive.
Qunchen informed: How can the stolen goods of the Wokou be clearly distinguished from the Chinese things? You can just pretend you don't know.
North Korea and Japan are geographically closer than we are
The first invasion of the Wokou was Korea, and the DPRK also used the means of "spending money to buy Taiping", and the Japanese at that time did not have enough to eat, clothe and warmth, but korea accepted the local specialties of the Envoys of the Wokou and rewarded them with grain, skins, cloth, and so on. But north Korea, after all, the gifts given by the national primary school are not enough. For this reason, the Wokou invaded China in a big way to rob Chinese products.
Because there are so many souvenirs in Japan, they simply cannot meet the needs of the Korean people. It is precisely for the sake of economic and trade with North Korea that Japan continues to harass China, and then open up the demand for profits, getting rid of the viability of food and clothing. In order to keep itself from being harassed by the Wokou, North Korea finally agreed to help Japan sell its stolen goods, and set up a special trade city and institution with Japan.