Formed by the triangular politics of the Ming Dynasty, on the root cause of the ming dynasty's final poor death and Chongzhen's final poor death. In fact, this pot really needs to be carried by Zhu Yuanzhang, the father of the Ming Dynasty, and the starting point of all this comes from him.
Speaking of Zhu Yuanzhang, that is definitely a model worker, a first-class model worker, who will scrupulously fulfill his duties, be diligent in government and love the people, and will also express his hatred for officials and rich people to the fullest. On the basis of all this, in order to be able to absolutely centralize power, he guided Hu Weiyong to expand, and finally went down with a knife to kill countless people, incidentally removing the nail in the eye of The Prime Minister. (Hu Weiyong case)
Chongzhen's poor death ushered in this.
Zhu Yuanzhang is a labor model, does not mean that the emperor behind is a labor model, this is to be the emperor sad, sitting on the thousands of miles of rivers and mountains who are willing to work hard every day, so from Zhu Laosi (Zhu Di) to set up a cabinet. At that time, fortunately, the cabinet was only a secretarial body, and a few people wrote and painted in it, got some opinions, and then handed it over to Zhu Di for approval, so it can be seen that although Zhu Di was not as good as his father, he still did things in the end. However, after that, the situation became more and more distorted, the emperor became more and more lazy, so the system setting became more and more humane, resulting in the direct result that the incompetent emperor was actually emptied!
(Cause and effect from Zhu Yuanzhang)
So who's overhanging the grin? Bureaucratic interests, of course, represented by cabinet ministers.
The reason why bureaucrats are bureaucrats, of course, are they all tested out of the examination! They are all readers, and they also regard themselves as readers, so they form a solid chain of interests. In this chain, there are teacher-apprentice feelings, hometown feelings, friends and party feelings, and perhaps family and country conditions, people's feelings come from desires and needs, and all these roots often come from desires, which is the root of the problems of the Ming Dynasty.
This is because the formation of civilian interest groups has caused several major problems.
First: agricultural taxes have been reduced
After pacifying the world, in order to encourage readers, he gave a reading policy, and those who read books with meritorious names can be exempted from field endowments, and those with high merits can also help people to be exempted from field endowments. As a result, countless readers began to be trusted by the poor, the purpose of which was, of course, to be tax-free. Therefore, the strange phenomenon in Chinese history in the Ming Dynasty is that arable land has been increasing, and agricultural taxes have become less and less.
(Agricultural taxes are not at all)
Second: helpless business taxes
Third: Smart Jiajing, another way of thinking may live better.
Time came to the Jiajing Dynasty, the poor jingling emperor profession, in fact, is already a not very good high-risk industry, Jiajing's Brother Ming Wuzong Zhu Houzhao, just because he wanted to use eunuchs to seize power, and finally did something a little out of line, was murdered by the civilian official clique. The Jiajing Emperor also deeply felt the horror of the civil officials, and as soon as he entered Beijing, he was dismissed from Mawei, and who could not stand it (the dispute over the great ceremonial rites)
However, he made a major discovery in the great etiquette dispute, that is, the civilian-official clique is not a monolithic group, because of the rise of Wang Shouren's Xinxue, they actually have the Cheng Zhu School and the Wang Yang Mingxin School. The overjoyed Jiajing Emperor began to divide the civilian official clique and cultivate his own power, so the Jiajing Emperor became the most comfortable emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and in 45 years, he used eunuchs to do things for himself and guide the divided civilian official clique to do things for himself. Finally, be the referee yourself.
In this way, relying on the civilian official clique to govern the country and the eunuch clique to make money, Jiajing finally lived the life of a rich man. If you don't want to be poor, where will the emperor get money and luxury.
(Jiajing's new idea)
Fourth: Zhang Juzheng reformed, and was regarded as the traitor's first assistant to Wanli.
After Jiajing's death, it was the Wanli Emperor who took the throne, the Wanli Emperor was relatively young, so the right was naturally taken over by the emperor Zhang Juzheng, plus the wanli emperor's companion Feng Bao fully supported, and the empress dowager supported, Zhang Juzheng began to reflect on whether the country was too poor to do something.
If the civil officials of the Ming Dynasty have a conscience, then Zhang Juzheng is counted as one, and his reform should actually be the interests of the civilian official clique, Zhang Juzheng has compiled and measured the land and reformed the tax system, although it has not touched the root of the problem and has greatly alleviated the financial crisis of the Ming Dynasty.
The reduction of fire consumption, the repurge of land to collect taxes on land, all of which reduced tax evasion and tax evasion, coupled with Feng Bao's conscientious business, His Majesty the Emperor finally had money. Or where do you think the three major levies of wanli come from? It was all the emperor's private money.
(Feng Bao Zhang Juzheng this cp into the Ming Dynasty ZTE key)
Fifth: Zhang Juzheng died and returned to the Ming Dynasty of triangular politics.
Wanli ten years or so, Zhang Juzheng died of a sudden cerebral hemorrhage, but three years after his death, all kinds of rumors and attacks followed, and the counterattack of the civilian official group began, the reason is very simple, Nyima's, you move our interests, absolutely let you frustrate the ashes, and the naïve Wanli Emperor is also instigated by the civilian official group and returns to the original road.
After Zhang Juzheng, the first assistant Shen Shixing, and for a few years of thin mud, tried his best to maintain the achievements of Zhang Juzheng's reforms, and finally could not reconcile with the mud, and after Zhang Siwei came to power, the civilian official clique returned to the old road.
At that time, the Wanli Emperor had not yet discovered the seriousness of the problem, and finally understood after the three major conquests used almost all the money for private rooms. Master (Zhang Juzheng) I blame you.
So he also began his own triangular political path, and made a fuss to warn the Emperor of the Apocalypse, Zhu Youxiao, that he must put the money bag.
(Apocalypse and Wei Zhongxian)
Sixth: Chongzhen's dead knot, the money bag was torn by himself.
Remembering the carpenter Emperor Zhu Youxiao, who remembered his father's teachings, began to govern after Wanli's death, in order to protect the money bag, he kept supporting his eldest companion Wei Zhongxian, the purpose of course was to make money, but also because of the existence of Wei Zhongxian, the mining tax, salt tax, and land tax and commercial tax were still a bit, and His Majesty the Emperor would not be starved to death.
Although Old Wei is notorious, but bite people without evil dogs to scold???
Unfortunately, the Emperor of the Apocalypse, Zhu Youxiao, was a short-lived ghost, not only short-lived but also did not have children, so a product of an era came into being, that is, the Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youjian.
Why is it said that it is a product of the times, because Zhu Youjian did not receive a systematic education in imperial studies, and you think that everyone can be an emperor? They are all to be educated, and the core is the art of kings. If it were not for Wanli's words and deeds, the so-called illiterate Emperor of the Apocalypse would have been able to control the imperial court?
However, Zhu Youjian had no one to educate, and Zhu Youjian, the king of letters, was pulled by an emperor who died suddenly, and his superior position could not have imagined it himself. And what kind of person is Zhu Youjian?
(Chongzhen who does not understand politics)
The nerd who is cultivated by the Confucian tradition of education is a nerd, and the way he believes in governing the country is completely different from the real way of governing the country.
In his view, the castration of eunuchs was the root cause of the country's corruption and the lack of clarity in the administration of officials, so as soon as he came to power, he caused a big incident, that is, killing Wei Zhongxian and appointing the civilian official clique represented by the Donglin Party.
In fact, this thing is not wrong, killing Wei Zhongxian is just a dynasty and a courtier, it is normal, but you did not understand the power pattern, you killed your left arm and right arm, and finally did not support a left arm and right arm out, don't you think that you died not fast enough?
Coupled with the fact that the civilian-official clique that has experienced a long career of money-making has reached consensus and reconciliation, and has become a monolithic piece, how about you Chongzhen Emperor Gui as the son of heaven?
Can you maintain a balance of power with them?
In this way, the ambitious and hard-working Chongzhen Emperor tore his own money bag with his own hands.
The happy civilian bureaucracy is, of course, even more crazy, the fields are crazy to occupy, the business is crazy to do, what is the tax payment? If it is necessary to pay, I will not pay. You can take us by the trickle.
Not only that, they also frantically threw money and dots everywhere, and finally Chongzhen found that he was really alone.
(Chongzhen who rebelled against him)
Seventh: The end of the road: borrowing money and not being able to
When Sun Chuan's soldiers came out of Tongguan, he said such words to the gentry.
What kind of people do I protect?
After saying this, he killed all the gentry in front of him, rewarded the three armies with their gold and silver rewards, and then led the last elite of the Ming Dynasty, who had eaten and drunk enough, to the battlefield of killing the enemy, and finally the soldiers were defeated and killed, and the whole army was destroyed.
The news coming from afar made Chongzhen panic, and the final elite was destroyed, what to do, what to do!
The empty Neiku, who had long since lost a penny, had to summon the group of courtiers to discuss, and finally begged His father to ask His grandmother for a loan.
The funny thing is that for 300,000 taels of silver, Chongzhen's anxious white head is only less than 100,000 taels.
In the end, countless rich gentry, without waiting for Chongzhen's body to cool down, ran to the city gate and surrendered.
Then, under The Pursuit of Li Zicheng, he knocked out 80 million taels of silver at a time. This is the urine nature of the gentry and the civilian bureaucracy at the end of the Ming Dynasty.
Turn your head empty after success or failure,
Two eyes confused to see the sunrise,
Three feet of white Aya smiled,
The four sides have no way to die,