The "Resolution of the CPC Central Committee on the Major Achievements and Historical Experiences of the Party's Century-Long Struggle" comprehensively sums up the glorious and important achievements and great historical experiences made by our party in its century-long struggle, and is of great practical significance and far-reaching historical significance. The "Resolution" pointed out that over the past one hundred years, the party has led the people to carry out great struggles and accumulated valuable historical experience, of which a particularly important one is to adhere to the supremacy of the people, insist that everything is for the people, rely on the people in everything, persist in development for the people, and the fruits of development are shared by the people.
The "14th Five-Year Plan for the Protection and Utilization of Large Sites" issued by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage also emphasizes that it is necessary to "adhere to the people-centered approach, promote classified management, multi-party participation, and social sharing, explore deep-seated reforms in the field of cultural relics, take into account current and long-term interests, local interests and overall interests, and promote the integration of large sites into modern life." It can be seen that adhering to the supremacy of the people is not only the basic principle of China's large-scale site work, but also the fundamental observance of the protection and utilization of national archaeological site parks in the new era.
Adhere to the positioning of the park
At present, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage has published a total of three batches of national archaeological sites and parks, a total of 36 sites in 20 provinces (autonomous regions and cities) have been selected, with a total area of 610,000 hectares; and 67 sites in 24 provinces (autonomous regions and cities) have been selected for the project list. Gradually formed a wide range of distribution, spanning the age, covering the whole type of national archaeological site park construction system. However, in terms of conservation and utilization, there are still problems such as insufficient archaeological investment, weak protection foundation, insufficient theoretical interpretation, relatively single display, and lagging behind in transformation and innovation. To solve the above problems, we must adhere to the supremacy of the people and take it as the starting point and foothold of all work, only in this way can we truly realize the construction results of the national archaeological site park shared by the people.
Exterior view of Sanxingdui National Archaeological Site Park
To uphold the supremacy of the people is to always put the fundamental interests of the masses of the people in the first place to meet the growing needs of the masses of the people for a better life. With the rapid development of economy and society and the continuous improvement of material living standards, the needs of the broad masses of the people for a better spiritual life have become more and more urgent. The main composition of the National Archaeological Site Park is precisely a large settlement, city site, palace, mausoleum tomb and other important sites with great historical and cultural value and far-reaching influence on future generations, which contain rich historical and cultural information on politics, science and technology, art, religion, military, industry, agriculture, architecture, transportation, water conservancy and other aspects, and concentrate on the social governance concept, values, and cosmology of various stages of development in ancient China, and are powerful empirical evidence of China's million-year human history, 10,000-year cultural history, and more than 5,000 years of civilization history It has profoundly affected the spiritual essence and national character of the Chinese nation. It can be said that the National Archaeological Site Park has built a bridge from the great ruins to the people's beautiful spiritual homeland.
The construction of the National Archaeological Site Park is to solve the contradiction between regional social development and the protection of large sites, and to provide a specific public space with scientific research, education, recreation and other functions, and has national demonstration significance in the protection and display of archaeological sites. This determines that the original intention of its construction is to protect the people's precious cultural heritage, let more people walk into our ancient history, touch the dusty past, learn the wisdom and experience left by the ancestors, understand the long and brilliant Chinese civilization, inherit the excellent traditional Chinese culture, and finally strengthen their profound cultural self-confidence.
Therefore, we must adhere to the original mission of the National Archaeological Site Park, firmly grasp its basic principles of national leadership, public welfare, archaeology first, protection first, and rational utilization, and always keep in mind the positioning of "protecting the people's heritage and sharing the fruits of the whole people". Under the premise of taking into account "compatible use", we insist on "letting more people enter the National Archaeological Site Park" as the foundation of our own garden, so that the broad masses of the people can fully understand the historical context of the origin and development of Chinese civilization, fully understand the brilliant achievements of Chinese civilization, and highly recognize the outstanding contributions made by Chinese civilization to the progress of all mankind' civilization.
Raise the level of display
Different from the architectural tradition of stone materials in many foreign places, China's ancient buildings are mostly based on civil engineering, which determines that the survival of many existing large sites is not optimistic, and the visual intuitiveness and sensory shock brought by the sites themselves are relatively lacking. If there is a lack of targeted explanations and carefully conceived display designs, the people will often fall into the situation of "no scenery to see" after coming to the park, which is very unfavorable to the interpersonal driving effect of word of mouth, let alone the in-depth experience brought about by improving the rate of re-visits.
Golden Sands Ruins
In view of this, the current display form of the National Archaeological Site Park should mainly take the display of the site itself and the display of the site museum as the core, supplemented by multiple means such as on-site explanation display, site environment display and network online display, to form a three-dimensional and comprehensive display system. At the same time, for each type of specific display form, it is also necessary to adapt to local conditions and take multiple measures at the same time. For example, in terms of the display of the site body, according to the rich ontology composition of the large sites in the park, the relevant display work can be carried out tailored to the conservation status of different relics and relics: for the masonry relics and relics with relatively good preservation status, strong visibility, drought and little rainfall, and stable geological conditions, the original appearance of the original appearance can be displayed directly; the original appearance of the site is difficult to display and has been protected and backfilled, and important relics such as cellar pits, housing sites, roads, and sacrifice pits can be displayed. For the core area of the site with great archaeological significance, good preservation status, moderate overall scale and visual visible remains, the exhibition hall of protection can be designed and built on the basis of fully listening to the opinions of relevant expert units, so as to fully display its important cultural heritage value and provide the best viewing experience for the public; and for some sites that are easily damaged and presented in a single form, consideration can be given to strengthening the protection by means of covering the display. In addition, for relics and relics that are in key parts of the site and are seriously damaged, consideration can be given to the method of identification display, that is, the location, pattern, shape, form and even the overall cultural connotation of the remains are identified through methods such as plants, building materials, and spatial layout. The above ontology display forms do not contradict each other, and complement each other, which can play a good role in filling the defects of the site body, so as to truly achieve the purpose of "lingering" of the people.
Innovative and high-quality transformation
On the one hand, the National Archaeological Site Park has the functions of protecting the site and its surrounding environment, strengthening archaeological excavation research, displaying the value of the cultural heritage of the site, and promoting patriotic education, on the other hand, it also shoulders the task of meeting the people's daily leisure, cultural tourism, spiritual consumption and other multiple needs for a better life. The "14th Five-Year Plan for the Protection and Utilization of Large Sites" also proposes to achieve high-quality development of heritage parks by holding thematic, characteristic and high-quality cultural tourism activities and creating a brand of cultural and artistic week activities in the National Archaeological Site Park. All these require us to transform the core values of cultural heritage and the latest archaeological discoveries of the heritage park into high-quality cultural products involving the material and spiritual fields. However, focusing on the present, the National Archaeological Site Park has a relatively single form of transformation of heritage value and archaeological achievements, and there is still room for further release of vitality. Therefore, the channels for the high-quality transformation of innovative national archaeological sites can be explored from the following three aspects.
First of all, in terms of the original path, we can rely on the transformation theme of "reproducing civilization", on the basis of traditional display channels such as the site itself and museums, make full use of digital and Internet technology, vigorously promote the "VR + Internet" and "AR, MR + reality" and other technical means for creative transformation, realize the virtual reconstruction of the site body and the surrounding environment, create interesting virtual archaeological excavations, so that the people can enjoy the immersive experience of native culture products online and offline. To increase awareness and understanding of the values of the core heritage.
Secondly, in terms of secondary paths, we should follow the transformation theme of "entering life", combine the core heritage values to create site IP, start from the level of food, clothing, housing and transportation, through the improvement of creative elements, realize the extension of services, strengthen the cohesion of cultural and tourism integration, and strengthen the link between secondary cultural products and people's lives while achieving economic benefits.
Finally, in terms of regeneration path, with "spiritual sublimation" as the transformation theme, with the help of large-scale live performances, organization of celebration activities and other physical interaction modes, the spiritual and cultural space of the site park site is realized. And integrate publications, television, radio, movies and other traditional media channels and "two micro and one end", video websites, short video Apps and other new media resources, to carry out public lectures, online classes and other popular science knowledge activities and archaeological variety shows, animation games and other edutainment activities, deepen the impression of regenerated cultural products in the hearts of the people, so that they have a deep spiritual resonance with the core heritage value of the site, and truly realize the cultural sharing at the spiritual level.
(Author Affilications:Henan Academy of Social Sciences)
Edit: Qi Zeyao