Speaking of disintegration, then the Soviet Union is certainly the most famous representative of the disintegrating countries, and during the Brezhnev period, the Soviet economy had been seriously dragged down, and after Gorbachev came to power, although he carried out drastic reforms, he still did not abandon the traditional practices of the Soviet Union.
After Lithuania first declared its independence on March 11, 1990, other republics followed suit, declaring independence one after another, and the great Soviet Union disintegrated into 15 countries, but one country was even more tragic than him, and it split into 30 countries.
Ottoman Turkey was an empire founded by the Turks, and in the 13th century, the Mongols began to expand westwards, the Turks were forced to migrate, they initially attached themselves to the Seljuk Turkmen established the Sultanate of Roma, and after the Ottoman succession to the head of the clan, they began to expand.
In 1299, Turkey took advantage of the division of the Seljuk Sultanate of Roma and officially declared its independence, with the title of "Gazi", which laid the prototype of the Turkish state, and the Ottoman son Orhan built an army and began to annex the territory of the Sultanate of Roma. After the Turkish monarch Murad I succeeded to the throne in 1360, he began to expand into southeastern Europe, and in the Battle of Kosovo, the combined forces of Serbia, Bulgaria and Hungary were defeated, a feat that marked the rise of Ottoman Turkey.
From 1453 to 1683, the history of Ottoman Turkey can be roughly divided into two periods, territorial, economic and cultural expansion before 1566, and a period of later détente, starting in 1453, When Mehmed II led an army of 80,000 men to capture Constantinople, Turkey entered a long period of conquest and expansion.
Ottoman Turkey's territory expanded to Europe and North Africa, and the sea competed from Italy and Portugal for the Black Sea, Aegean Sea, Red River and Indian Ocean voyage routes, but the ancient empire was finally out of step from the times, and from the 17th to the 19th century, the rise of the Industrial Revolution made Ottoman Turkey face many opponents.
The rise of Tsarist Russia led to the russo-Turkish War between Ottoman Turkey and Russia, the loss of territory, the instability of the central government, and the influence of the Industrial Revolution, the people of Ottoman Turkey longed for freedom and equality, but nationalism still swept through Ottoman Turkey.
After the Greek War of Independence in the 1830s, the Grand Duchy of the Danube and Greater Serbianism arose, followed by Serbia, Montenegro, Wallachia and Moldova declaring independence from the Empire and completely crushing Ottoman Turkey in World War I.
After World War I, in the face of a heavy national debt, a revolution was carried out within the Ottoman Empire, in which Mustafa Kemal led the uprising, the Ottoman Empire was divided into 30 countries, and now the Republic of Turkey is established, and the once powerful empire has become a crossroads connecting Europe and Asia.