Tell the truest history in the simplest words.
Influenced by Nazis, regions, customs, and beliefs, Japan has occupied the position of "thorn head" from the very beginning (1894), and has been closely following the development of the situation, and has carried out a large number of conspiracy activities in an attempt to expand the situation, this time in order to create an opportunity to invade Korea. The Japanese General Staff Headquarters believed that Korea would certainly turn to the Qing government for help, and the Qing government would certainly agree to send troops. At that time, Japan will have an excuse to send troops into Korea.
In order to achieve this goal, Japan is really unscrupulous.
Japanese atrocities
Zheng Yongsheng, an interpreter at the Japanese Embassy in the DPRK, once persuaded Yuan Shikai, the "prime minister of the Qing dynasty to negotiate with the minister of trade and commerce," saying: "The more procrastinating the Dongxue Party uprising becomes, the more difficult it is to handle, so why did your government not quickly send troops to help The Rok, the Japanese government has absolutely no other intentions." (I really believe in you as a ghost)
On April 26, the Japanese General Staff Headquarters began talking to itself, arguing according to the report that the North Korean government would definitely ask for China's assistance, and China would certainly agree to the North's request. Therefore, the General Staff Headquarters believes that it is necessary for Japan to send troops to Korea. On the same day, consultations were held, and a cabinet meeting was held on the 29th, and it was officially decided to send troops to North Korea. (It can really be described as Sima Zhao's heart, which is well known to passers-by)
On the night of April 29, Japan's "three chiefs" (Foreign Minister Mutsu Munemitsu, Vice Foreign Minister Hayashi Hayashi, and Deputy Chief of Staff Kawakami Keiroku) discussed the strategy and strength of troops. They informed the Japanese minister in Korea, Keisuke Otori, that if it was confirmed that the Qing government was sending troops to Korea, "the imperial government immediately sent troops."
If the Qing officials asked about the reason for Japan's troop dispatch, they replied as follows: According to the third paragraph of the Treaty of Tianjin, the rebellion in Korea was concerned with endangering the lives and property of the imperial legations, consulates, and imperial overseas Chinese subjects, so they sent troops."
On May 5, Japan sent a note to the Qing government to send troops to Korea, and military operations began on the same day.
Japanese army
The day after the Qing government received the note, it was reasonable to refute the reason for Japan's troop dispatch. In his reply to Japan, he reiterated that the Qing government "sent reinforcements to quell civil unrest at the request of Korea, which is an old practice of protecting dependent states", and stressed: "At present, although the situation in the ports of Busan and Inchon is calm, these two places are treaty ports, so they are temporarily retained for protection." If your country sends troops, it is for the protection of embassies, consulates and merchants, and there is no need to send a majority of troops. Your country sent troops not out of the request of the DPRK, and hoped not to enter the interior of the DPRK, so as not to arouse suspicion."
However, Japan's determination to provoke was already determined, so it ignored the advice of the Qing government. This clearly shows that Japan has long established the policy of launching a war of aggression and decided to take advantage of the opportunity of the Qing government to send troops to assist in the suppression and send troops to occupy Korea. On the 9th, Japan arbitrarily said in a note that Japan's dispatch of troops to Korea this time was 'in accordance with the rights of the Japan-Rok Treaty of Jiwupu; the procedures for sending troops were in accordance with the Treaty of Tianjin, and the Imperial Government could decide on its own whether to send troops or send troops, and that it would stop advancing and retreating without any reason for being constrained by others. “
The devil enters the village
In fact, after Li Hongzhang learned the news of Japan's invasion of Korea, he had already seen the Japanese conspiracy clearly, so he urgently telegraphed Yuan Shikai to stop the Japanese army's action. Since May 9, Yuan Shikai and Keisuke Otori have held emergency talks in Seoul to discuss the withdrawal of troops from both sides. But the War Machine of the Japanese Government's invasion of Korea has already begun, and it is unwilling to stop there.
Therefore, Li Hongzhang's activities to prevent Japan from sending troops failed. By late May, about 10,000 Japanese troops had entered Korea. In order to deliberately expand the situation and create a pretext for sending troops to Korea, on May 11, a meeting of the Japanese cabinet adopted a so-called plan to reform the internal affairs of the DPRK.
The Qing army entered Korea
Claim: After quelling the rioters, in order to reform the internal affairs of the DPRK, China and Japan must jointly dispatch a number of permanent members to the DPRK to "check" the relevant economic, political, and military affairs of the DPRK. After receiving the note containing the above, the Qing government immediately sent Wang Fengzao as a representative to express its opposition.
At this time, Japan's "spirit is commendable", indicating that the Japanese army must not withdraw from Korea. Since then, On the one hand, Japan has continued to send more troops to Korea, and on the other hand, it is ready to "reform" Korea's internal affairs on its own.
On May 23, Minister Otori had a detailed discussion with the King of Korea on the need to "reform" Korea's internal affairs. On June 10, Japan made a so-called statement to the Qing government that if the Japanese army had an accident in Korea in the future, all responsibilities should be borne by the Qing government.
Entered the Qing army
At the same time, Mutsu Muneyoshi instructed Keisuke Otori that the immediate priority should be to promote a Sino-Japanese conflict, and that any means could be taken to carry out this. The Korean government and opposition were very frightened by the Japanese invasion of Korea, but they could not do anything about it. It can be said that the Sino-Japanese war is already like an arrow on the string, about to erupt.
Japan's determination to invade was not forged in three days and two days, nor was it dissuaded by one or two events. On May 5, Cho Byeong-ji, the Dprk Foreign Affairs Inspector General, strongly demanded that Sugimura telegraph the Japanese government as soon as possible, "that is, to return the troops, to honor the friendship and avoid the troubles of life", which was unreasonably rejected by Japan.
On May 6, Otori returned to Incheon from Japan and decided to lead his troops into Beijing the next day. The North Korean government immediately sent people to dissuade them, and once again they were rejected without incident. On the 7th, Big Bird led 420 Marines, carrying four field guns, and forcibly broke into Seoul.
At this time, the Qing army that had gone to the DPRK had reached Asan, and the DPRK government firmly grasped the life-saving straw of the Qing government, continuously sent reinforcements, and fought in coordination with the officers and men who had gone to the DPRK to attack and suppress the dprk in the early stage, and recaptured the whole state.
The situation in North Korea seems to have gradually calmed down, because Japan no longer exists as a pretext for sending troops to protect overseas Chinese and businessmen. However, when Zhao Bingji visited The Bird, he reprimanded him for leading his troops into Beijing without authorization, and urged him to withdraw his troops immediately, he was once again refused.
The Qing army fought against the Japanese army
At this time, the Qing government was in the hands of the main peace faction represented by Cixi and Li Hongzhang, and in order to avoid conflict, the Qing government was determined to order the troops rushing to Korea to return home regularly, while hoping that Japan would withdraw its troops. Cixi was a little underrated by the determination of the Japanese invaders, after all...
At that time, public opinion in various countries strongly condemned Japan's act of sending troops to the division. However, the Japanese government not only refused to withdraw troops, but continued to increase troops, and convened an extraordinary meeting of the cabinet to make a resolution that "the Japanese army cannot retreat under any circumstances."
Mutsu Munemitsu even issued an order to Keisuke Otori, "No matter how much there is a dispute in diplomacy, the main team led by Major General Oshima will be lined up in Seoul."
All this shows that the Japanese Government is determined to provoke war and conflict, so it has turned a deaf ear to the strong protests of China and the DPRK and the condemnation of public opinion in various countries and has obstinately gone its own way. However, Japan has been strong and rational, and has been passive in diplomacy. In order to get out of the predicament, the Japanese government needs to find new excuses and create new incidents.
In the face of Japan's diplomatic blackmail and threat of force, the main faction in the Qing government, represented by Empress Dowager Cixi and Li Hongzhang, did not dare to wage a tit-for-tat struggle against the actions of the Japanese army, did not strengthen its preparations for war and defense, but took advantage of the contradictions between imperialism, that is, adopted the policy of "using yi to suppress yi" to maintain peace.
They pin their hopes on Britain and Russia, and we'll see you tomorrow!
Reference: History of the Qing Dynasty