Beijing's hutongs hide dragons and crouching tigers, and Weidian Hutong near Hufang Bridge has a former residence admired by journalists, Shao Piaoping's former residence, which is also the former site of the Beijing News Pavilion, which has been officially open to the public since June 1, 2021.
The former residence is a small two-story building that combines Chinese and Western styles, and on the shadow wall of the entrance door is shao Piaoping's inscription of "iron shoulder hot hand" four big characters, which is when he founded the "Beijing News" and served as the president, he abbreviated Li Dazhao's book "Iron Shoulder Bears Morality, Magic Hand Writing Article" as the motto of himself and all colleagues in the newspaper, and changed "magic hand" to "hot hand", which shows his spirit of not being afraid of hardships and daring to fight.
The former residence exhibition is divided into two courtyards before and after, which is the place where Shao Piaoping and her family lived and lived, 4 exhibition halls in the front yard and 3 exhibition halls in the backyard, and now there are 3 theme exhibitions of "Beijing News and Beijing News Pavilion", "Centennial Red Newspaper", and "Shao Piaoping's Life Deeds". "The Life and Deeds of Shao Piaoping" mainly introduces the achievements and destiny of Shao Piaoping as a legendary newspaperman, an early disseminator of Marxism, the founder of Chinese journalism education, and a secret party member of the CPC in just 40 years of life.
Shao Piaoping, whose original name was Jingqing, later changed her name to Zhenqing, was intelligent since childhood, and was admitted to the Normal Department of Zhejiang Provincial Higher School in 1906. Teaching and educating people was once his ideal, and when he was a middle school teacher in Jinhua, he also served as a special correspondent of the Declaration. With his understanding of journalism, he found that being a journalist who encourages and shouts for the public is something he prefers, saying that he has "no hobbies in the rest, but he is very interested in journalism, and he is willing to do it for the rest of his life."
The exhibition hall restores the scene of Shao Piaoping's living room according to historical materials, and the vertical characters of "Iron Shoulder Hot Hand" with his handwritten book are displayed on the east wall, and several black and white photos on the side show people the spirited appearance of his youth. After the Xinhai Revolution, 25-year-old Shao Piaoping co-founded the Hanmin Daily in Hangzhou. In the three years of running the newspaper, it was the most chaotic time in the political situation in old China, he used his pen as a gun to ruthlessly expose and attack Yuan Shikai, who intended to rob the achievements of the revolution, and corrupt officials and corrupt officials, which caused the authorities a great headache, took compulsory measures against them, arrested 3 times in 3 years, and imprisoned for 9 months, but he was not afraid, he said: "The newspaper can be sealed, and the reporter's pen cannot be sealed." The main writer can be killed, and the power of public opinion cannot be destroyed. ”
After being rescued from her third prison, Shao was forced to flee to Japan. During his time, he tried to find a Japanese translation of Marx's works, working during the day and studying them at night. In the exhibition hall, there is a photograph of Shao Piaoping in the study of her apartment in Osaka, Japan, and the shelves in the room are not only more than 170 books such as "Outline of Capital" and "On Socialism", but also placed marx statues. He enthusiastically praised the October Revolution in Russia for ushering in "a new era in history."
In the exhibition hall, there is an important document in which Mao Zedong approved Shao Piaoping as a martyr in the document. After Shao Piaoping returned from Japan, she began to contact li dazhao, Deng Zhongxia and other early leaders of the Communist Party of China, and secretly joined the Communist Party of China in 1925. However, because Shao Piaoping had a lot of social influence at that time, his party membership was hidden. It was not until July 1986 that the central government confirmed that Shao Piaoping had joined the party in 1925.
In 1915, when Shao Piaoping learned that the Japanese government had proposed to Yuan Shikai the "Twenty-One Articles" for the destruction of China, she immediately rushed to China and set off a huge patriotic movement. In 1916, the Shanghai press invited Shao Piaoping to return to China to carry out anti-Yuan propaganda; he took "Piaoping" and "Ah Ping" as his writers, wrote for the "Current Affairs New Daily" and "Declaration", and became a special correspondent of the "Declaration" in Beijing, the "Beijing Special Correspondence" written for the "Declaration" became a representative article at that time, and he also became the first journalist in the history of Chinese journalism to enjoy the title of commissioner.
On October 5, 1918, the "Beijing Daily" came out, Shao Piaoping personally served as the president and chief writer, he adhered to the "fair and true" concept and purpose of running the newspaper, and stated in the publication of the article "Why is this newspaper born": "Before the government obeys the legitimate will of the people, it is the work of this newspaper." "There is a daily newspaper with four folios in the exhibition hall at that time, which is characterized by more news, more comments and more supplements than other newspapers of the same era, and its inception was soon welcomed by readers with its well-informed and rich content, and its sales jumped from more than 300 copies to more than 4,000 copies, becoming a famous newspaper in Beijing.
The exhibition hall also displays two traditional photocopied editions of "Practical Applied Journalism" and "General Introduction to Journalism", of which "Practical Applied Journalism" is the first interview book written by Shao Piaoping in China. Shao Piaoping not only used newspapers to propagate patriotic and progressive ideas, but also personally went to the lecture hall to impart knowledge and cultivate journalistic talents. At the end of 1918, Shao Piaoping, together with Xu Baohuang and Cai Yuanpei, the president of Peking University at the time, founded the Peking University Journalism Research Association to disseminate news knowledge to young people, and Shao Piaoping taught journalism and interviewing, with the goal of creating a group of shrewd journalists who could report on the sufferings and struggles of working people. At that time, there were Mao Zedong and other trainees, and Mao Zedong later recalled: "Shao Piaoping in particular helped me a lot. He was a lecturer at the Journalism Society, a liberal, a man of warm ideals and good qualities. ”
"I don't want this kind of money to shoot me", a painting of Shao Piaoping's half-body above it records the story of Shao Piaoping's confrontation with Zhang Zuolin. Under the auspices of Shao Piaoping, the Beijing Daily focused on reporting and commenting on the treacherous political situation and the chaotic war affairs of the Beiyang government during that turbulent era, stressing the timeliness and truthfulness of the news, and taking an objective and fair stand. From the winter of 1924 to the beginning of 1926, Shao Piaoping supported Feng Yuxiang in launching a coup d'état in solidarity with the victims of the "March 18" massacre, so she was hated by the reactionary warlords and wanted to put him to death. Zhang Zuolin wanted to use 300,000 oceans to make Shao Piaoping shout for herself, and Shao Piaoping immediately returned it after receiving the remittance, and said: "I don't want this kind of money, and I don't want to shoot him!"
In April 1926, Zhang Zuolin, Wu Peifu and Yan Xishan, three northern warlords, jointly attacked and besieged the revolutionary army stationed in Beiping. On April 18, as soon as Zhang Zuolin's vanguard troops entered Beiping, Zhang Zuolin made a list of clean-up and killing, and Shao Piaoping's name was on this list. Shao Piaoping did not flinch, he said: "Now others dare not speak, so I can't run." I want to write, I want to say, and I want to die! I sacrifice my life for righteousness, and I will not choose the voice of the people in death, and I have no regrets!" In the early morning of April 26, Shao Piaoping, then 40 years old, died generously and was shot and killed on the Beijing Tianqiao for the so-called "propaganda of redwashing." In the exhibition hall, there are photographs taken by Mr. Ma Lianliang, a famous Peking Opera artist, after the martyrdom of Shao Piaoping, and the reproduction of Hua Si ge long shirt and black gauze horse coat are also on display, which is deeply sad.
Stepping out of the exhibition hall, the bronze statue of Shao Piaoping stands in the middle of the courtyard, shouldering morality with iron shoulders, and the literati style and bones of "Chaotic World Piaoping" and the responsibility of newspaper people make future generations sincerely respect.