It is said that the Han Dynasty was followed by the Three Kingdoms of Wuxiong, followed by the Metaphysical Wei and Jin Dynasties and the chaotic Northern and Southern Dynasties. Of course, chaos means that the Southern Dynasty and the Northern Dynasty are independent of each other, which is enough to be chaotic, but the chaos increases, and the Southern Dynasty has divided into four dynasties, and the Northern Dynasty has divided five dynasties. It is the famous "Five Hu Sixteen Kingdoms".
No matter how people want to dress up the little girl of history with words, names, values and dreams thousands of times, history will never be short of extraordinary people. In this chaotic time, there are also a group of people who respond to the situation, the timing is harmonious, the biochemical all things, in the short stay of the long history, with a stroke of rewriting, that is: the Northern Wei of the Northern Dynasty!
The Northern Wei Dynasty was a unified northern regime established by the Tuoba tribe of the Xianbei ethnic minority. This nomadic people lived in the northeast of Heilongjiang in the early days, and grew from the Han and Wei and Jin dynasties to the southern and northern dynasties, and by the southern and northern dynasties it had become a common practice. He successively conquered Later Yan, attacked the Southern Dynasty, defeated the Xia Kingdom, destroyed Rouran, conquered Northern Yan, and surrendered Northern Liang, finally ending the Northern Unification War and confronting the Southern Dynasty. The Northern Wei Rose in the Storm and Left in the Storm.
The northern Wei Emperor Xiaowen's reforms also delighted historians, pushing the unified dynasty of Northern Wei into a golden age. This is an era in which Han culture and other cultures merge with each other, collide and symbiosis and fight, and the division of its era is also an open way.
First, the road to destruction
The road to destruction was paved with flowers, after Emperor Xiaowen's reforms, but the good times were short-lived. The upper echelons of the Northern Wei Dynasty were extremely extravagant, and Wang Yuanyong of Gaoyang and Wang Yuanchen of Hejian were rich, and their families had a meal of 10,000 yuan, and the total number of prostitutes was more than 10,000 people. Lower-level officials also did their best to loot the people's fat and people's anointing, known as the "robbers of the day". During the boiling of people's grievances, many of the people have fallen into the grass and become monks.
During this period, various riots and successive uprisings occurred. In the later period of the Northern Wei Dynasty, because it was not accepted by the central authorities, it was already incompatible with the central government, and at that time, it was invaded and killed by the Great Khan of Ruoran, and only received meager disaster relief, and uprisings were launched in various parts of the six towns.
In the last years of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the upper layers were corrupt and the lower levels were eating each other, and the crowd rose up and responded to it, becoming its general trend. The chaos lasted for eight years, involving large areas such as Hebei, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, and Shandong, as well as various ethnic groups such as Han, Xianbei, Xiongnu, and Qiang. As a result, the Northern Wei Dynasty has gone, just waiting for the heavens to die.
2. The Emperor of Mermaid Flesh
The capital of the Northern Wei Dynasty was in Luoyang, and Ban Gu's "Eastern Capital Fu" greatly called it "the wasteland of the Hundred Kings of Shao, because of the creation of the swing, the body of the yuan system, and the succession of heaven". In 528, 38 years after the reform of Emperor Xiaowen, the seventh emperor of Northern Wei, Empress Dowager Hu took charge of the imperial government, rebelled against the ancient capital luoyang, and set herself on fire.
The 6-year-old emperor Xiaoming Emperor Yuan was weak and weak, and his mother was weak, and Empress Hu bowed to the government and covered the sky with one hand. In the struggle for power, he was poisoned to death by his own son, and the 3-year-old Yuan Zhao was made emperor. This incident became the fuse of the armed coup d'état of the powerful aristocrat Erzhu Rong at that time, and also opened the official prelude to the drama of the Northern Wei Dynasty towards the demise.
On this basis, Erzhu Rong already had popular support, especially in the evidence of corruption and chaotic government. In terms of public opinion, Erzhu Rong was famous, righteous, and had the great righteousness of "Kuangfu Imperial Chamber". Strategically, he also received a response from Li Ying and the outside world, and united with Yuanxun the Prince of Changle, the son of King Yuanxun of Pengcheng, promising to make him emperor after the event was completed.
In the actual progress, Erzhu Rong raised an army to occupy the eastern capital Luoyang, and Li Yuanziyou was made Emperor Xiaozhuang. Empress Dowager Hu and the little prince were drowned in Heyin. Erzhu Rong went to Taozhu in Heyin to offer sacrifices to the heavens, and denounced, "The world is in turmoil and the collapse of Suzong, all because you are greedy and tyrannical, and you cannot help you." You deserve to kill each one!" As a result, more than 2,000 courtiers, princes, nobles, and subordinate henchmen attached to the empress dowager sacrificed themselves as living creatures under the sabers of the army, which is known in history as the "Change of Heyin".
Although Emperor Xiaozhuang won the coup d'état, he had no real name, and Erzhu Rong actually held real power. This is just another repetition of the ancient drama of "holding the Son of Heaven to order the princes", and history seems to be really a reincarnation. Erzhu Rong acted no better than his predecessors, nor was he worse. Unwilling to be a puppet, Yuan Ziyou launched a rebellion, and eventually lost to Erzhu Rong's first-class forces, so the Northern Wei Emperor was once again human flesh.
Erzhu Rong's first-class brutality caused resentment among the people, and there were many political ambitionists, everyone wanted to hitchhike, and the uprising happened again. Gao Huan, the assassin of Jinzhou, raised an army and destroyed Erzhu Rong's first-class, Li Yuanxiu was the second Emperor Xiaowu, and Gao Huan became the second Erzhu Rong who manipulated the puppet emperor. Emperor Xiaowu also became an emperor who was not willing to be a puppet and defected to Yuwen Tai. However, in the end, it was also a dead sheep to make up for it, and it was a futile battle for the trapped beasts, and was poisoned in the battle with Yuwen Tai.
Gao Huan later established YuanShan as Emperor Xiaojing, known in history as Eastern Wei, and Yuanshan abdicated to Gao Huan's son, opening the Northern Qi Dynasty. Yuwen Tai made Yuan Baoju emperor, known as Western Wei, and later the emperor abdicated to Yuwen Tai's son, opening the Northern Zhou Dynasty. As a result, the entire Northern Wei Dynasty, which lasted for nearly fifties, was completely destroyed. Throughout the struggle for imperial power and power, seven emperors were brutally killed and left with more than 2,000 courtiers.
Third, the concubine who is not alone
Erzhu Rong and Emperor Yuanzi Youming fought secretly, which was originally incompatible. The puppet emperor was also weak and weak, and Erzhu Rong's daughter Ying'e married Yuan Ziyou, and suffered from Ying'e's white eyes. Yuan Ziyou also had a long-standing grudge, and designed to invite Erzhu Rong into the palace to attend the birthday banquet, and was killed by ambush soldiers. Thus the great calamity was gone.
When Erzhu Rong's younger brother Erzhu Zhao, heard of this, he raised an army to attack and killed Yuan Ziyou, Ying'e and his son, and the harem concubines were not spared, and they were collectively humiliated and damaged. Such historical tragedies have long been common, such as Gao Huan,000 people who moved 400,000 names to Yecheng in order to move the capital, demolished and destroyed them, and turned the three-hundred-year-old prosperous imperial capital Luoyang into semi-ruins.
IV. Conclusion
The general trend of the world will be united for a long time, and it will be divided for a long time. Leaving aside, how much mud and sand is mixed with this sentence, and it is also empty and empty to put here. The Northern Wei Dynasty also temporarily brought the world together for a long time when the world was divided. After a long period of good times, the calamities suffered cannot be simply summed up in the old saying of division and integration. Simply pursuing it in terms of political unity is only political history, and it is not enough to call it "the world".
Natural and man-made disasters and historical destiny are inevitably combined with each other in a positive and conclusive way to become historical facts. The pursuit and exploration of history can only clarify the general and continuous things that can be clarified. What is truly unique has often been obliterated with the times of history. Whether history is a whole, and whether history has a unified meaning, is still a question. After all, all history is contemporary history.