Why calcium supplementation
Calcium is an important component of human bones; it is a necessity for human metabolism; it is an activator of a variety of enzymes in the body; it can regulate the contraction and relaxation of muscles; and it can promote brain development. From this point of view, calcium is one of the important elements that make up the human body, and all activities of life can not lack calcium.
Causes of calcium deficiency
1. Dietary aspects: insufficient intake of calcium from the diet.
2. Demand: the growth rate of childhood is fast, the body's demand for calcium is large, and it is easy to cause relative calcium deficiency.
3. Breastfeeding: the calcium content per liter of breast milk is about 340mg, and the calcium content in milk is about 1250mg, so it can be seen that the content of calcium in breast milk is low, in addition to the calcium content in breast milk will gradually decrease after 4 months, so it is difficult to meet the needs of infants and young children, which is also one of the important reasons for calcium deficiency.
4. Insufficient sunlight exposure.
A range of symptoms caused by calcium deficiency
Calcium deficiency in children
1. Affect neuromuscular excitability: prone to night crying, hand and foot twitches and other symptoms.
2. Affect bone growth and hardness: teeth and bone stunted in childhood, prone to O-shaped legs, X-shaped legs, and easy to increase the incidence of osteoporosis in adulthood.
3. Affect the permeability of capillaries: it is easy to cause symptoms of hyperhidrosis.
Infants and young children are deficient in calcium
1. Intelligence: mental retardation, IQ decline.
2. Bone and teeth: short stature, prone to rickets; tooth enamel and caries dysplasia.
3. Immunity: immunity is low, respiratory infections and other recurrence.
4. Psychological aspect: and prone to emotional irritability, crying and noisy, night terrors, night crying and other phenomena.
Adolescents are deficient in calcium
1. Mild symptoms: easy to appear night sweats, hand and foot convulsions, night crying, anorexia, constipation and other symptoms.
2. Severe symptoms: prone to serious symptoms such as funnel chest, O-shaped legs, and X-shaped legs.
3. Other symptoms: can cause anemia, ADHD and other conditions.
Pregnant women are deficient in calcium
1. Pregnant women are deficient in calcium: there will be symptoms such as low back and leg pain, calf cramps, lower limb puffiness, joint pain, and loose teeth.
2. Calcium deficiency in pregnant women will have a certain impact on the fetus: it is easy to have rickets, skeletal deformities, frailty and diseases.
How to supplement calcium reasonably
1. Pay attention to the time of calcium supplementation:
Infants under 2 years old, especially within 1 year old, the body is prone to calcium deficiency, and calcium supplementation is needed in time; children after the age of 3 can grow by about 5-7 centimeters per year, in addition to genetic factors, nutritional supplementation is also crucial, so after the age of 3 years, we must pay attention to calcium supplementation; puberty is the golden period of children's growth and development, the growth rate is faster, and calcium supplementation is needed in time.
In addition, newborns with poor physical fitness, premature babies, teething, and teeth replacement need calcium supplementation under the guidance of a doctor or pharmacist.
2. Pay attention to the amount of calcium supplementation:
Since the human body can only absorb a maximum of 178mg of calcium each time, calcium supplementation can be divided into 3-4 times a day, and the amount of calcium supplementation should not exceed 200mg each time. In addition, it is not advisable to supplement calcium in large quantities for a long time, and excessive intake of calcium can lead to ectopic calcification, kidney damage and other adverse conditions.
3. Pay attention to the choice of calcium supplement products:
Calcium supplement products are divided into organic calcium and inorganic calcium, inorganic calcium is mainly calcium carbonate, active calcium, organic calcium is mainly calcium gluconate, calcium lactate. Among them, calcium gluconate preparations can be completely absorbed and utilized in the human body, and are safer and easier to absorb, which can be given priority.
Some calcium supplement products containing vitamin D can be selected, and some products contain iron, zinc and other nutrients If the standardized health food or drug has a certain safety in the recommended dose, it can be selected according to the child's situation.
4. Pay attention to use alone:
Calcium is easy to use alone, if you need to supplement other elements, it is recommended to stagger the time to take, more than 2 hours apart is appropriate, or morning and evening supplementation of one element, such as: zinc supplementation in the morning, calcium supplementation in the evening.
In addition, the elements supplemented in one day should not be too much, so as to avoid poisoning. In addition, it should not be taken at the same time as milk, soy milk, etc., which will reduce the absorption rate of calcium.
5. Pay attention to vitamin D supplementation:
Vitamin D is an important part of calcium product formulations, and vitamin D supplementation is necessary to supplement calcium. Especially for the lack of calcium caused by vitamin D deficiency, it is more important to supplement vitamin D appropriately while supplementing calcium, or to use calcium agents containing vitamin D components.
Proper sun exposure, frequent exposure of the skin to ultraviolet radiation, through photochemical action into vitamin D3 spare, can increase the skin's synthesis of vitamin D. In addition, vitamin AD drops can also be used for vitamin D supplementation.
6. Pay attention to prevention:
In the last three months of pregnancy, calcium supplementation is required in time, oral vitamin D supplementation is 400 IU a day, appropriate outdoor exercise; oral vitamin D 400 IU should be supplemented daily after 2 weeks of birth in the neonatal period, and newborns who cannot adhere to outdoor activities can be supplemented with vitamin D 500-1000 IU per day within 1-2 weeks after birth; outdoor exercise needs to be strengthened in infancy, and appropriate daily oral supplementation of vitamin D 400-800 IU; if the amount of outdoor activity increases in early childhood, Then there is no need to supplement vitamin D, if there is a similar symptom of calcium deficiency, calcium supplementation is needed in time, children over 3 years old due to rapid growth, can be appropriately supplemented with vitamin D 400-1000IU.
Characteristics of commonly used calcium preparations
1
Calcium acetate
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merit
High effective calcium content, good solubility, neutral pH value, absorption does not consume stomach acid, fast onset, does not contain lead arsenic and other harmful substances.
shortcoming
It's not clear yet.
Suitable for people
It is especially suitable for children, pregnant women, the elderly and people with little gastric acid secretion.
2
calcium carbonate
With a calcium content of 40%, the price is low and the side effects are small.
Weak alkaline, poor solubility, absorption depletion of gastric acid.
People with excessive gastric acid secretion, children.
3
Calcium gluconate
It belongs to organic calcium acid, good water solubility and easy absorption.
Calcium content of 9%, to achieve the daily calcium supplement dosage is too large, diabetic patients should not use.
Adolescents, children, pregnant women, premenopausal women and the elderly.
4
Calcium lactate
It belongs to organic calcium acid and has good water solubility.
The calcium content is 13%, and the amount of calcium supplementation is too large until the daily calcium supplementation, which is easy to produce discomfort symptoms such as muscle weakness.
juvenile.
5
Active calcium
High in calcium.
Calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide mixture, belongs to the strong alkaline drug, easy to stimulate the gastrointestinal tract, long-term large-scale use, easy to induce gastritis, gastric ulcers and other symptoms.
Not recommended for children.
6
Amino acid chelated calcium
High bioavailability and good absorption.
It is easy to consume stomach acid and damage the gastrointestinal tract.
Not recommended for children.
Calcium supplementation products of choice for children
1. Calcium acetate granules
Take 1-2 sachets 2 times daily, morning and evening. For infants under 6 months of age for nutritional calcium supplementation, it is recommended that a pack be dissolved with an equal amount of 50ml of warm water and taken within one day.
2. Calcium gluconate oral solution
Take 0.5-0.7 g/kg in divided doses a day. Due to the irritating nature of this drug, it is not recommended for children unless hypocalcemia.
3. Calcium carbonate D3 granules
1 sachet at a time, 1 time a day, or as needed according to the situation, no more than 3 times a day, it is recommended to administer the drug 1 hour after meals. In addition, children recommend taking it once and a half in a bag, once a day, and administering the drug 1-2 hours after drinking milk. In addition, when using the drug, it should be noted that because the absorption will consume excessive gastric acid, it is easy to cause the child's indigestion, which needs to be paid attention to, and once the symptoms of indigestion need to be stopped in time.
4. Vitamin D drops
1-2 capsules a day, infants under 1 year of age are recommended to take 1 capsule a day, before bedtime.
5. Vitamin AD drops
The drug is available in 0-1 years and over 1 year old, the choice should be based on the age of the baby, 1 capsule a day before bedtime can be taken.
In addition to these drugs, sesame seeds, shrimp skin, milk, cheese, seaweed, black beans, tofu and other foods are also high in calcium content, so calcium supplementation can be carried out in a combination of food and medicine. In view of the fact that vitamin D deficiency can cause calcium deficiency, it is recommended that calcium supplementation be supplemented with vitamin D at the same time as calcium supplementation, and that outdoor activities should be increased and vitamin D intake should be increased.
Source: Combination medication