68-year-old Xu Apo suddenly felt chest pain when cleaning at home, rushed to the hospital to check the electrocardiogram, and there was no abnormality in the blood test. However, Grandma's symptoms did not ease, the doctor instructed to review the ELECTROCardiogram and draw blood after 3 hours, Xu Grandma did not listen to the doctor's words, secretly returned home.
That night, Grandma's chest pain became more and more obvious, and her family dialed 120 emergency to send her to the hospital, and the re-examination of the electrocardiogram found that the ST section was obviously lifted, which was a typical myocardial infarction. After the emergency implantation of the stent, Grandma turned the corner.
In the outpatient emergency department, it is not uncommon for chest pain patients like Xu Apo who do not understand the re-examination of the ELECTROCardiogram. In fact, chest pain is very likely to be a signal of myocardial ischemia, myocardial cells do not die immediately when ischemia begins, many early myocardial infarction patients have no obvious abnormalities in the ELECTROCARDI; there are some serious changes in blood vessels, such as coronary arteries three large blood vessels severe stenosis patients, ECG vectors will be offset, the appearance of normal ECG.
Moreover, a routine ECG is an immediate examination, and cardiovascular disease changes instantaneously, and there may be large changes in the first minute and the next minute. Therefore, a review is necessary.
Cold irritation is an important trigger for the acute onset of cardiovascular disease, and winter is more dangerous for cardiovascular disease patients and elderly friends. How to better understand the importance of timely medical treatment and the necessity of various types of heart examinations, so as to seize the opportunity of medical treatment and treatment to better care for the heart? Let's take a look.~
You need to know these things about ECGs
This is the most commonly used non-invasive, painless, and rapid cardiac examination method, and various arrhythmias such as premature beats, atrial tachycardia, and atrial fibrillation can be reflected on the ECG.
The scope of application of conventional ECG
1. Record the electrical activity of the normal heart of the human body.
2. Help diagnose arrhythmias.
3. Help diagnose myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction sites.
4. Diagnosis of enlarged and hypertrophic heart.
5. Judge the effect of drugs or electrolyte conditions on the heart.
6. Judge the condition of artificial cardiac pacing.
Precautions for routine ECG examination
1. Wear cotton clothing
Wear cotton clothing when doing the examination, avoid chemical fibers and other materials, which will affect the test results with static electricity;
2. Relax
Maintain emotional stability, do not be too hurried and agitated before the examination, and avoid the heart rate beating too fast, affecting the accuracy of the examination;
3. Wear a loose top and no dress
Female friends should pay attention to the need to open the top during the electrocardiogram examination, and wearing a dress is not convenient for examination.
What other heart tests are there?
1. Holter
Holter ecglymography can monitor the patient's electrical activity for 24 hours and record abnormal activity, which can increase the detection rate of diseases such as arrhythmias, coronary heart disease, and transient myocardial ischemia.
Holter is very convenient to do, just hang around the waist, you can eat, sleep, walk and other activities as usual, but pay attention to prevent the electrode pieces from falling off.
2. Cardiac ultrasound
There are some diseases caused by changes in the structure of the heart that do not affect electrophysiology, so the ECG cannot be reflected. Such as enlarged atrium, some cardiomyopathy, valvular disease, etc., so it is necessary to perform cardiac ultrasound to make a clear diagnosis; in addition, cardiac ultrasound can also effectively evaluate cardiac function.
3. Coronary angiography
Coronary angiography is considered to be the golden indicator for confirming coronary heart disease, although it is an invasive test, but the safety is high, and it has been widely used in the clinic. The main step is to send a catheter from the artery at the wrist to the coronary artery of the heart, and then inject a contrast agent to visualize the blood vessels of the heart. You can intuitively see the shape of the coronary arteries, the stenosis, the presence or absence of plaques, and the speed of blood flow.
The heart is like a small house with 'waterways', 'circuits', 'doors', 'walls' and so on. Coronary angiography to identify the degree of vascular stenosis is a problem to check the "waterway"; patients with arrhythmias need to install pacemakers or do atrial fibrillation ablation surgery, which is to solve the dynamic problem of "circuit"; patients with cardiomyopathy, to check whether there is myocardial hypertrophy, this is to see if there is a problem with the "wall" of the heart; if there is a lesion in the heart valve, the heart "door" is not closed or closed.
In winter, while everyone adds more clothes to keep warm, pay attention to the chest pain after the occurrence of the doctor should be treated in time, and understand and cooperate with the doctor's request to review the ELECTROCARDI. Especially for high-risk groups such as frequent smoking, drinking, obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia or hyperglycemia, cardiovascular disease family history, etc., it is not necessary to neglect the possibility of myocardial infarction by relying on a normal ECG, and it is also very necessary to conduct blood tests for markers such as myocardial necrosis in a timely manner according to medical advice.
Written by / Cardiology Zhu Youqi
Editor/Connie Han