In May 1644, Wu Sangui and the Qing army defeated Li Zicheng in a stone west of Shanhaiguan, and Dolgun took the opportunity to command the Eight Banners To enter the customs, and in September of the same year, he welcomed the Shunzhi Emperor to Beijing, sacrificed the Temple of Heaven, and announced that he would inherit the mantle of the Ming Dynasty and become the new master of the Central Plains. The entry of the Qing Dynasty into the customs brought great influence to China, one of which was to provide a large number of film and television drama themes, resulting in the flooding of "Qing Palace dramas" today, making people overwhelmed, and also greatly enriching the spiritual and cultural life of the people. In this regard, the Qing Dynasty still contributed, and it provided us with spiritual food - "Qing Palace Drama".
When it comes to "Qing Palace Drama", it is impossible not to mention one of the "regulars", that is, the protagonist of this article, Prince Rui Dolgun, one of the eight iron hat kings of the Qing Dynasty. In "Qing Palace Dramas" such as "The Secret History of Xiaozhuang", "The Legend of The Great Yu'er", "The Wind and Clouds of the Late Ming Dynasty", "The Great Qing Wind and Cloud", "The Wind and Rain of the Jiangshan Mountains", "Beauty Without Tears" and other "Qing Palace Dramas", Dolgun is a tall but very tragic hero. In the film and television drama, Dorgon is clever and clever, tall and powerful, deeply loved by his father Khan Nurhaci, and is the ideal heir of Houjin (Qing), but he kills Emperor Taiji halfway, who seizes his beloved Dayu'er (孝庄) and the "Khan position" through disgraceful means, and also executes his mother Abhay. After the death of Emperor Taiji, Dorgon took the initiative to give up the throne in order to take care of the overall situation and not to make Xiaozhuang sad, but concentrated on assisting the Shunzhi Emperor and becoming the regent himself. After Dorgon's death, Shunzhi took revenge, stripping him of all his honors and digging up his body and beating him violently.
It can be said that Dorgon in the "Qing Palace Drama" is a tragic hero who deserves sympathy. So, what exactly is the real Dolgun in history, as described in the "Qing Palace Drama"? Here, the author talks about the real Dolgun through the "Qing Palace Drama": this person is not a man of great talent, his military talent is also average, no one robs him of the throne, he cannot rob others.
Talking about this topic, it is estimated that some friends will feel that it is deliberately demeaning Dolgun and looking for his "weakness", which is unfair. In fact, historical research is to demand reality, to restore the facts, the evaluation of Dorgon should be objective, and its historical merits should be recognized, but it cannot be infinitely boasted, especially not affected by "court drama".
In the "court drama", Dorgon is clever and clever, has great achievements in battle, is deeply favored by his father Khan Nurhaci, and is the ideal heir, and Nurhaci also intends to let him inherit the Khan's throne. In fact, this is pure fiction, it does not exist at all, because Dorgon was not valued at all in the Nurhaci era, and he did not go to the battlefield, and even the title of "Beizi" was given to him because Nurhaci loved Abahai, which was also the pain of his life, no military merit but got the title, and the clan looked down on him in their hearts.
So, what was the status of Dorgon in Nurhaci's time? The answer is, dispensable, he's just the son of Concubine Abbahai, nothing more. On the first day of the first lunar month of the first year of the Mandate of Heaven (1616), during the ceremony of the Pilgrimage Nurhaci, Dorgon's two brothers, Azig and Dordor, ranked sixth and seventh respectively, while Dorgon was not allowed to participate in it, indicating that his political status in the Later Jin was quite low.
During the Nurhaci period, the Eight Banners of Manchuria (at that time it was supposed to be the Jurchen of Jianzhou, the word Manchuria was only available after the Emperor Taiji was called the Emperor, in order to facilitate the writing, let's use the word Manchuria for the time being) The distribution of power is as follows:
The Yellow Banner (45 Ox Records) and the Yellow Banner (20 Ox Records), managed by Nurhaci himself, were the Khan's own soldiers and could directly command and move;
Zheng Hongqi (25 Ox records) and Red Flags (26 Ox records), managed by Great Belle Daishan and his eldest son Yue Tuo;
The Blue Banner (21 Bulls), managed by The Three Belles Mang Gurtai;
The Blue Banner (33 Ox), run by Nurhaci's younger brother Shulhazi's son Erbel Amin;
Zhengbai Banner (25 Niulu), managed by the Four Baylor Emperor Taiji;
The White Banner (15 Niulu) was run by Dudu, the son of Chu Ying, nurhaci's eldest son.
At this time, the three brothers Azig, Dorgon, and Dordor failed to gain access to military power, and there was no military merit
In his later years, Nurhaci made appropriate adjustments to the Eight Banners of Manchuria, as follows:
First of all, he awarded the two yellow flags under his command to the three brothers Azig, Dorgon, and Dordor, each in charge of 15 cattle records, and the remaining 20 cattle records themselves as commanders as pro-army.
Secondly, Nurhaci made it clear that commander Azig had a yellow flag and Commander Dodo was given a yellow flag, and after his death, all his pro-army troops were handed over to Duoduo.
Third, Du Du, the owner of the white flag, was transferred to the white flag and vacated the position of the owner of the white flag, as for whom, Nurhaci had not yet made up his mind. However, it is unlikely that he will be given to Dolgun, because he is not only young (nurhaci was only 13 years old at the time of his death) and has no military merits, and everyone will not be convinced, and after his death, Dorgon may be killed by the unity of the brothers.
From the above, it can be seen that Dorgon was an ordinary Beyler in the Nurhaci era, never went to the battlefield, did not make military achievements, and had a prestige equal to zero among the tribes.
In September 1626, Nurhaci died with regret of being defeated by Yuan Chonghuan, and the Four Beyler Emperor Taiji succeeded to the Khan's throne and killed Abhay on the grounds of "Father Khan's Testament". At this time, the three brothers Azig, Dorgon and Dordor had 80 ox records at hand, and their strength was quite strong. For this reason, many people say that the Khan's throne should have been inherited by Dorgon, and that the Emperor Taiji used disgraceful means to seize it, which is really funny. The three dorgon brothers, Niulu, are not false, but this is the capital that Nurhaci gave them to protect themselves, not the capital of the struggle for the Khan's position, and these three brothers are not only young, but they do not even have decent military merit. If Dorgon had inherited the Khan's throne, it was estimated that the next day he would have to land on the ground, and he would not have this qualification at all. It should be known that Houjin was still in the era of slavery at that time, the military and political power was jointly controlled by the Eight Banners, and the monarch did not achieve centralization, nurhaci would not be stupid enough to let Dolgun succeed to the throne, so that Houjin fell into infighting. After all, Chu Ying and Dai Shan were the lessons of the past, and the two brothers were successively made crown princes, but the result intensified internal contradictions, and Nurhaci in order to balance the various forces, Chu Ying was killed and Dai Shan was deposed.
In the eighth year of Chongde (1643), Emperor Taiji of the Qing Dynasty died violently, and because he did not make a will during his lifetime, the banner lord of the inner Manchurian clan began a new round of competition for the throne. At this time, after years of hard work, Dorgon had considerable prestige within Manchuria, mainly due to the promotion and appreciation of Emperor Taiji (in order to fight against the "Three Great Belles", Emperor Taiji pulled and fought against the three Brothers of Dolgun, but mainly pulled). Therefore, after the death of Emperor Taiji, Dorgon became a popular candidate for the new emperor, and he was also full of confidence in this. At that time, Dorgon was the owner of the white flag, his younger brother Dorgon was the owner of the white flag, and the two white flags were ironclad to support themselves, there is no doubt. However, Dorgon is only a popular "candidate", and does not have the strength to claim the emperor.
During the Emperor Taiji period, the degree of feudalization of Manchu Qing society was greatly enhanced, and the Han system of "standing up for a long time" had a large market in Manchuria, and many nobles were willing to support the son of Emperor Taiji as emperor, rather than supporting his half-brother Dolgun. Of course, the old Manchurian customs have not been completely abolished, the system of "flag owners jointly discussing state affairs" still exists, and the selection of the new emperor's successor must be jointly discussed and decided by the flag owners. Therefore, the selection of the new emperor depends not only on blood, but also on strength. However, Dorgon did not have an overwhelming advantage in blood and strength, or even no advantage.
First of all, the powerful two yellow banners, which were directly controlled by Emperor Taiji, clearly supported the Emperor's eldest son Hauge, and Turge, Sony, Turai, Xihan, Gong Adai, Aobai, Tan Tai, Ta Zhan and other important courtiers of the imperial court visited the Su Palace one after another, expressing their willingness to support Hauge as the crown prince and advance and retreat together.
Secondly, Hauge mastered the blue flag, and his military merit was outstanding, and his prestige was quite high. It should be known that Hauge is three years older than Dorgon, and Hauge went to battle to kill the enemy in the Nurhaci era and made great achievements, while Dorgon did not have the opportunity to go to the battlefield in the Nurhaci era.
Third, the blue flag lord Zilharang had a good relationship with Emperor Taiji and tended to support Hauge.
Finally, Dai Shan, the Prince of Li, who had a great influence, held two red flags in his hand, and also said: "The eldest son of the emperor, he should inherit the unification", clearly supporting Hauge.
Among the eight banners, there are six flags supporting the emperor's eldest son Hauge, and the strength crushes the two white flags of Dolgun. At the meeting to agree on the selection of a new emperor, Dorgon and the other two white flag officials spoke in support of Dorgon's succession, and gave a lot of reasons, and Dorgon was quite happy although he did not express his position. However, the two yellow flags resolutely opposed, saying that the new emperor could only be elected from among the sons of the former emperors, and so on, such as Soni and Aobai, even directly pressed the sword to the front: "If you do not establish the son of the former emperor, you are willing to follow Your Majesty in Huangquan", posing as a dry warrior. At this time, the two yellow flag soldiers outside the Chongzheng Hall held down the hilt of their swords one after another, cheering up Hauge, indicating that they absolutely supported the son of the former emperor.
Although Dorgon was ambitious and wanted to sit in the position of emperor of the Qing Dynasty, it was a pity that his own strength was not enough, and if he forcibly expressed his position to succeed to the throne and did not give up until he reached the goal, it was estimated that he would be spattered with blood. At this time, Dorgon hesitated, Hauge won the ticket, everyone supported him, although the two white flags would oppose, if Hauge strongly succeeded to the throne, they had no choice, after all, Hauge was the eldest son, and the succession to the name of the unification was justified. Unfortunately, Hauge dropped the chain at a critical moment, and he had to say that he was "shallow" and overwhelmed by heavy responsibilities, perhaps he wanted to retreat into progress and win more political capital. However, Hauge also miscalculated, and Zilharang took the opportunity to offer to support the ninth son of the emperor, "Fulin", and Dolgun and others directly agreed, and Fulin (Shunzhi Emperor) took advantage of this and became the first emperor of Daxin.
After the ninth son of the Emperor Fu Lin succeeded to the throne, The Great Belle Daishan and the people burned incense and swore an oath, saying that they would support the new monarch to the death and would never have two hearts, otherwise they would be severely punished. However, the forces supporting Dorgon were not willing to lose, and they plotted to kill the Shunzhi Emperor and let Dorgon inherit the throne, and Shuoto, Adali, and so on even openly called Outan Shunzhi and disobeyed the resolutions adopted by the assembly. To this end, Daishan Dayi killed his relatives and killed his son Shuoto and grandson Adali, saying that he would never allow anyone to challenge the authority. Joto and Adali were dorgon's hardcore cronies, and they were killed in order to warn Dorgon not to act rashly, not to think otherwise, and to be honestly regents.
After the Qing army entered the customs, Dorgon's power soared, Daishan was snubbed, Hauge died in prison, Zilharang became an outsider, and the three brothers of Dolgun basically controlled the power of the government. At this point, Dorgon began to take a series of actions to pave the way for himself to ascend the throne. Unfortunately, just when everything was ready, Dorgon died violently while hunting in the city of Kara outside gubeikou, and completely lost the throne. However, Dorgon was posthumously honored as "Emperor Qingchengzong" by Shunzhi, and Emperor Maode Xiuyuan Guangye Dinggong An Min Li Zheng ZhengYi Emperor was also considered to be a posthumous mourning.
In summary, the real Dolgun is not as depicted in the "Qing Palace Drama", he is ambitious and has a strong pursuit of the throne. However, Dorgon's strength is not good, not because others have robbed him of the throne, but because he cannot rob others.