Yunnan is now an ordinary province of the motherland, no different from other provinces, but in ancient times, Yunnan was inhabited by ethnic minorities, so its rule in Yunnan was also different from other provinces. In addition to setting up the governor of Yunnan in Yunnan, the Ming Dynasty also had a special "institution" - the Qianguo Gongfu, which also had a more familiar title - "Mu Wangfu", and the prototype of the "Wooden Wangfu" in Mr. Jin Yong's "Luding Record" came from this.
The ancestor of the Duke of Qianguo was Zhu Yuanzhang's adopted son Mu Ying, who at a young age followed Zhu Yuanzhang on his southern expedition to the northern war, and was made the Marquis of Xiping with military merit, and in 1381 followed Fu Youde and Lan Yu to conquer Yunnan, and after pacifying Yunnan, he was ordered by Zhu Yuanzhang to build the Marquis of Xiping and defend Yunnan. Because the political situation in Yunnan at that time was very complicated, there were many toasts, and there were remnants of the Liang King of the Yuan Dynasty and the previous Dali Duan clan, so Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Mu Ying to guard Yunnan as a political force to lead and contain many forces, which also showed That Zhu Yuanzhang had complete trust in Mu Ying.
Rye Image
Mu Ying also lived up to Zhu Yuanzhang's trust, maintaining the rule and stability of Yunnan, and later because Empress Ma and Crown Prince Zhu Biao died one after another, Mu Ying, who had a deep affection with the two, was sad and overly sad, and soon died of illness, Zhu Yuanzhang posthumously named him "King of Qianning", which is the origin of the Mu family as the Mu family in later generations. During the Yongle period, Mu Ying's second son Mu Sheng was awarded the title of "Duke of Qianguo" by Ming Chengzujia for his meritorious attack on Annan, which is the origin of the official name of the Mu family.
During the more than two hundred years of Ming dynasty rule, the Mu family has been playing a considerable role in Yunnan, especially as the nominal leader of various toasts in Yunnan, and the Mu family enjoys a lot of prestige in toast. However, with the continuous migration of time, along with the continuous decline of the influence of the Ming Dynasty, the Mu family's control over toast was not as strong as before. In the last years of the Ming Dynasty, it even led to two relatively large Toast rebellions, the Mu family suffered heavy casualties, and even mu Tianbo, the last Duke of Qianguo, almost became a prisoner of Toast.
Toast Rebellion
In March 1644, the Chongzhen Emperor committed suicide in Beijing, but Yunnan remained under Ming rule, and Mu Wangfu continued to rule Tusi and Yunnan as a representative of Ming rule. In order to ensure the safety of Yunnan and prevent the wandering peasant army from entering Yunnan, Mu Tianbo and the Inspector of Yunnan decided to increase the army, and the increase in the army was bound to raise military salaries, so Mu Tianbo increased the salt tax on toast. The toastmasters had long been dissatisfied with the harsh taxes and miscellaneous taxes of the Ming Dynasty, and they learned that the Chongzhen Emperor had committed suicide and That Beijing had fallen, so there was a toastmaster who did not take Mu Tianbo in his eyes, and Chuxiong Toasti Wubikui was the first to stand up, and he said: "There is no Emperor Zhu, why is there Mu Guogong?" Subsequently, he led the territorial division army to kill the Ming officials of Chuxiong and occupied the city of Chuxiong.
The Chongzhen Emperor committed suicide
Mu Tianbo wanted to retake Chuxiong City, but he did not have enough strength, so he could only use other strengths to send toast, Mu Tianbo mobilized Shiping, Mengzi and other toasts to come to help, I will be defeated, and defeated in September of that year. The rebellion of Tusi Wubikui was put down, but what Mu Tianbo did not expect was that his move was nothing more than "driving the tiger at the front door and entering the wolf at the back door", and the subsequent rebellion was even more deadly to him.
The strongest of the toasts that came to help Mu Tianbo put down the rebellion was The Mengzi Toast Sha Dingzhou, who was stranded in the provincial capital after pacifying Wu Bikui, and Mu Tianbo was also unguarded and suspicious of his father's loyalty to the Ming Dynasty, and also set up banquets and hospitality in the Qianguo Gongfu many times. What Mu Tianbo could not imagine was that Sha Dingzhou had long coveted the wealth and status of the Qianguo Gongfu, and now that the Chongzhen Emperor was dead and the Qing army had entered the customs, the Ming Dynasty's rule had been crumbling, and Sha Dingzhou was even more covetous of the Qianguo Gongfu, which had lost the support of a strong government.
On the first day of December, Sha Dingzhou pretended to leave the provincial capital and went to the Qianguo Gongfu to bid farewell to Mu Tianbo, taking advantage of mu Fu's unpreparedness to lead soldiers to rush into the Qianguo Gongfu, and at the same time send troops to attack the yamen of other provincial capitals and block the city gate. Mu Tianbo and the others were defenseless, and were attacked by Sha Dingzhou into fuzhong, and in a hurry, Mu Tianbo had to flee from the provincial capital with Danshu iron coupons and official seals, and came to Chuxiong to join Yang Weizhi in Jincang. Mu Tianbo's two younger brothers were killed in the mutiny, his mother and wife committed suicide in the process of fleeing, and the Qianguo Gongfu, which had been inherited for more than two hundred years, suffered earth-shattering changes.
After that, the provincial capital was occupied by Shadingzhou, until 1647, Zhang Xianzhong's remnants - Sun Kewang, Li Dingguo and others came to Yunnan from Sichuan via Guizhou, the remnants of the Great Western Army, under the leadership of Sun Kewang and others, quelled the rebellion of Shadingzhou and captured it, and Sun Kewang, in order to ease relations with the Ming Dynasty in order to unite with the Ming Dynasty, claimed that this move was to avenge the Qianguo Gongfu, and Mu Tianbo was able to return to the provincial capital kunming.
Map of the situation in 1647
In the early years of the Ming Dynasty, the Qianguo Gongfu (Xining Houfu) that guarded the Yunnan side of the Ming Dynasty was so powerful that in those years, in the last year of the Ming Dynasty, it was actually subject to Tusi, and suffered heavy losses, if it were not for the help of Zhang Xianzhong's remnants, I am afraid that it would never be possible to restore the Qianguo Gongfu.
Reference: "Mingki-Nansoku"