The author | our special invited author Shen Jiuchuan
"Asahisha" (formerly "We Love History") is the headline number signed group media
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In the 319 years of the founding of the Song Dynasty, it has successively established with its strong neighbors Liao, Xia, Jin, and Yuan, which can be described as a difficult and dangerous country, but it also provides a historical stage for the military generals to make meritorious achievements, although they cannot be like the generals of the Han and Tang Dynasties who can suppress chaos and destroy the country, but there is still no shortage of famous generals between the two Song Dynasties, and the most well-known to the people is naturally none other than Yang Ye, Di Qing, Yue Fei, Han Shizhong, etc.
However, the court of the two Song Dynasties always regarded strong cadres and weak branches, advocating literature and suppressing martial arts as the national policy, and the generals not only did not have any possibility of entering and leaving, but many martial arts generals were even difficult to die, and Yue Fei was one of the representatives.
Yue Fei (岳飞), courtesy name Pengju, was a famous anti-Jin hero of the Southern Song Dynasty, and he, along with Han Shizhong, Zhang Jun, and Liu Guangshi, was known as the "Four Generals of Zhongxing" in the Southern Song Dynasty, but because Emperor Gaozong of Song and Qin Ju were anxious to negotiate peace with the Jin people, Yue Fei "took restoration as his mission and refused to agree with the proposal." Thus, regarded as an obstacle to the Song and Jin dynasties, Fu Hui was imprisoned and eventually executed, at the age of 39.
As we all know, the crime that the notorious Qin Ju and his henchman Wan Qianbi used to plot to trap Yue Fei's father and son was the so-called "false accusation", so where did this crime originate? And what should be the interpretation of the three words "unnecessary"?
One
According to the "Biography of Song Shi Yue Fei", "(Wan Qian) Yu slandered: (Yue) Fei and (Zhang) Xian shu, ling Xuan Shen probed to move the imperial court, (Yue) Yun and (Zhang) Xian Shu, and ordered (Yue) fei to return to the army." And his book has been burned. ”
The gist is that Emperor Gaozong of Song and Qin Ju had plotted to take over the power of the three generals, so they transferred Yue Fei, Han Shizhong, and Zhang Jun to the capital and separated them from the army, and then, after Wan Qianbi framed Yue Fei and Yue Yun's father and son after entering the capital, they wrote letters to their subordinate Zhang Xian, hoping that Zhang Xian would lie about the military situation, so as to force the imperial court to release Yue Fei to the army.
If what he said was true, this undoubtedly threatened Emperor Gaozong of Song, and once he sat down, Yue Fei's father and son would undoubtedly die, but it was obvious that Wan Qianbi could not have exchanged letters with each other as evidence, so he turned to falsely claim that Yue Fei and others had destroyed the evidence.
The framing of Qin Juniper and others was obviously difficult to convince the public, so Han Shizhong, who was equally famous with Yue Fei, fought for Yue Fei, and Han Shizhong seized the handle of Qin Juniper and his henchmen who could not produce evidence because of the frame-up, to question Qin Juniper, so how would Qin Juniper answer?
Qin Ju said, "Although the (Yue) Feizi (Yue) Yun and Zhang Xianshu are unknown, their facts are unwarranted. And Han Shizhong further asked: "The three words 'unnecessary' are used to serve the world?" ”
Since then, the three words "nonsense" have been recorded in the annals of history, and gradually become synonymous with the behavior of those who catch the wind and shadow and frame others in later generations, but perhaps some people will question the authenticity of this historical material.
So, where did this dialogue between Qin Ju and Han Shizhong in "Song Shi Yue Fei Biography" come from? That is to say, the question of the historical source of this historical material, and this question is directly related to the authenticity of this historical material, after all, such an important scene must be very private, and the "History of Song" was revised by the historians of the Yuan Dynasty, how did they know?
First of all, the Yuan Dynasty revised the "History of Song", the historical data of which is derived from the official compilation of the Song Dynasty", and the "History of the State" is derived from the family biography, deeds, and inscriptions provided by the family of the master, and this dialogue in the "Song Shi Yue Fei Biography" was first written by Zhao Xiong from the "Monument of Han Zhongwu Wang Shizhong Zhongxing Zuo Ding Guo Yuanxun", that is, Han Shizhong's Shinto stele, that is, the so-called "stele biography", of which Zhongwu was the nickname given to Han Shizhong when Song Xiaozong was emperor.
Zhao Xiong, a native of Sichuan, was a former aide to Yu Yunwen, a famous minister of the Southern Song Dynasty who commanded the Battle of Quarrying, and was known in history as "loyal and courageous, the first of the Southern Song Dynasty." ”
Zhao Xiong also paid homage to Emperor Xiaozong Chunxi for five years, and Han Shizhong's inscription was written in the third year of Chunxi before his worship, and its basis naturally came from Han Shizhong's family, thus ensuring the authenticity of the historical data.
Two
Now that the authenticity of the "unwarranted" historical data has been determined, how should this sentence be understood? As we usually understand, does it not take evidence to kill Yue Fei?
In fact, during the Daoguang years of the Qing Dynasty, the scholar Yu Xie earlier examined the true meaning of "nonsense" and the above dialogue.
He wrote in the Manuscript of the Book of Decay: "In this matter, the hinoki is said to be 'the body of the matter' as one sentence, and 'must have' as a sentence. Gai Juniper is arrogant and arrogant, cross-examining Shi Zhong, saying that 'his body is not good', showing weakness and hesitation, and repeating self-determination is 'necessary.'" Therefore, Shi Zhong did not obey, cut off his words, implicated them into one sentence, and said, "Why should we serve the world without three words?" ”
If you want to understand this sentence correctly, you must go back to the scene at that time, and the first sentence, Qin Ju, said, "Although Fei Ziyun and Zhang Xianshu are unknown, their body is not ... Required. Among them, the word "Mo" can be replaced by the "mo" commonly used by modern people, that is to say, when questioned by Han Shizhong whether there is a letter between Yue Fei and Zhang Xian as evidence, Qin Ju was first asked and hesitated, "Is this a matter?" However, he quickly stabilized his position and said decisively, "Well, there will be." ”
However, Han Shizhong deliberately ignored the hesitation in Qin Juniper's middle, but instead connected it into a sentence, which became a further question of Qin Juniper, that is, "No need for evidence? How can we convince the people of the world? ”
When Zhao Xiong made a monument to Han Shizhong, the dialogue scene recorded by Zhao Xiong is undoubtedly a stroke of God, and it also leaves room for the imagination of future generations.
However, this does not negate the historical fact that Han Shizhong spoke out for Yue Fei' righteousness, in fact, Han Shizhong, like Yue Fei, was also a famous anti-Jin hero of the Southern Song Dynasty.
Not only that, according to the "Biography of Song Shi Yue Fei", in order to dismember Han Shizhong's elite "back ridge army", the imperial court asked Zhang Jun and Yue Fei to inspect Han Shizhong's military camp, at that time, because of the peace with Qin Jun, Zhang Jun had already learned of the court's intentions in advance and told Yue Fei, which Yue Fei refused.
"Seeing the loyal army of the world, Junzhi Shizhong is loyal to the juniper, and wants to divide his back army with Fei, but Fei yi refuses." In the "Jing kang change", Zhang Jun was Yue Fei's superior, but later, Yue Fei and Zhang Jun were equally famous, which caused Zhang Jun's jealousy, and in order to protect himself, he and Qin Ju made peace and participated in the murder of Yue Fei.
In fact, among the "Four Generals of Zhongxing", Yue Fei was the least senior, but the most loyal, and the most courageous in the war against Jin, while Han Shizhong successively lifted the siege of Jeju and quelled the Miao Liu Mutiny at the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, which was the most meritorious to Emperor Gaozong of Song.
Since Yue Fei refused to fall for Han Shizhong, why couldn't Han Shizhong speak up for Yue Fei?
References: "History of the Song Dynasty", "Famous Ministers' Monuments"
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