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Wu Zhen, Fisherman's Figure, Metropolitan Museum of Art Collection
Wu Zhen, together with Huang Gongwang, Wang Meng, and Ni Zhan, was known as the "Yuan Sijia" and was a famous painter of the Yuan Dynasty, who was good at painting. Looking at his works: "Dongting Fishing Hidden Map", "Fisherman's Father Diagram", "Autumn River Fishing Hidden Map", etc., most of them are paintings with the theme of "Fisherman". Many people refer to this as the "fisherman plot" of Wuzhen, so why does Wuzhen love to use "fisherman" in the painting so much?
Yuan Wuzhen Fisherman Father Figure Silk Ink Pen Length 84.7 Horizontal 29.7cm Collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing
In Wu Zhen's paintings, the fisherman is not only a profession, but also represents a spirit. Because Wu Zhen appreciates and pursues this spirit, he regards the fisherman as the subject in most of his paintings.
Yuan Wuzhen Fisherman's Father Figure Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
The spirit of the fisherman originates from the image of the fisherman in Qu Yuan's "Fisher Father" and "Zhuangzi". After Qu Yuan and Zhuangzi, the image of the fisherman became the embodiment of a wise man and a hermit in literature and art.
During the Wei and Jin dynasties, the fisherman appeared in landscape poems until the Tang and Song dynasties became a fixed figure. Before Wuzhen, there were already Zhang Zhihe, Jing Hao, Xu Daoning and other people, painting with fishermen as the main body.
Wu Zhen Fisherman's Figure Shanghai Museum Collection
Wu Zhen painted the fisherman because he admired the sentiment of being high and lonely, and wanted to become a hermit who escaped from the world. The reason for this idea stemmed from the social environment at that time.
Wuzhen Luhua Hanyan diagram
Wu Zhen is a painter of the Yuan Dynasty, think of the social background of the Yuan Dynasty. The Yuan Dynasty was the first dynasty in Chinese history to dominate the Central Plains with ethnic minorities and thus rule the whole country. Because of the different ethnic relations with the Han people, during the reign of the Yuan Dynasty, the life of the Han people was not good.
Wu Zhen (one said Ding Yuchuan) after chibi fortune map
The rulers of the Yuan Dynasty oppressed the Han people with their brutal rule and policies of ethnic discrimination. Therefore, many literati also adopted an attitude of not cooperating with the rulers. Under such circumstances, the image of the fisherman was deeply loved by the literati at that time and became their emotional sustenance, and all the literati wanted to fire his life of purity, seclusion and leisure.
Wu Zhen Dongting Fishing Hidden Map
In the social environment at that time, it was natural that not only a painter in Wuzhen painted as a fisherman, but Wuzhen was different from other painters. For example, the fisherman figures of Huang Gongwang, Wang Meng and others often exude a sense of sadness and depression. This is largely because Huang Gongwang and Wang Meng were interested in their careers at the beginning, but in the end they failed to achieve their wishes, so they had this kind of mood.
Wu Zhen Qiujiang Fishing Hidden Axis Taipei National Palace Museum
Because Wu Zhen had never wanted to be an official, nor had he ever been an official, his fisherman had a more free and a natural sense of seclusion. Although many of Wu Zhen's fisher father poems also reveal a slight sense of misery, they more express the fisher father's feelings of ease and even optimism.
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