Those who could come up with the possibility of the Qing court retreating to Guanwai to establish political power should have been inspired by the yuan shun emperor's establishment of the northern yuan outside the guanwai and the ming dynasty at the end of the yuan dynasty, and the problem was actually very simple, because the chaos of the situation at that time and the strength of the Qing court itself did not allow them to follow the example of the Yuan Shun Emperor and re-establish the power outside the Guan.
Although the Jurchens have developed in the northeast for hundreds of years, and have successfully entered the Central Plains twice, especially the Qing Dynasty actually built a dynasty that was unified for 276 years, but by the end of the Qing Dynasty, the times changed easily, and Guanwai was no longer the Guanwai when the Qing army entered the Guanxi.
First of all, due to the internal relocation of the political center (the capital of Beijing), the land outside the Guan has become the frontier area of the Manchu Qing territory, and the political center is accompanied by the cultural and economic center, although the Guanwai is the birthplace of the Manchu Qing, but for Beijing and other inland cities, the conditions outside the Guanwai are quite difficult.
Most of the Manchus entered the Customs with the Qing army, and most of the people living outside the Guanguan had to flee there to break into the Guandong because of the compulsion of life, and the attitude of such a group of Han people towards the Manchu Qing was not friendly in any way, so outside the Guan, the Qing court no longer had the most basic people's will.
Secondly, in the decade from 1894 to 1904, in the Sino-Japanese War and the Eight-Power Alliance invaded China plus the Russo-Japanese War, these three wars caused great damage to the social environment in the northeast, and the entire Liaoshen region can be said to be devastated, and this led to the vacancy of the political system of the Qing Dynasty in the northeast, which brought opportunities for the formation of two military groups, Zhang Zuolin and Feng Linge, and at this time, Tsarist Russia and Japan also had their own forces outside the Guanwai and each had a certain degree of control over the northeast. Although Guanwai was still nominally under the jurisdiction of the Qing court, the Qing court had actually lost control of the land of Longxing.
Third, if from the perspective of feasibility, it is really possible for the Qing court to retreat to Guanwai to re-establish a weaker regime, although the Qing court has gradually lost control of Guanwai, but the Czarist Russia and Japan are very happy to see the Qing court re-establish a political power here, to achieve the plot of splitting and weakening China, which can also be inferred from the later establishment of the puppet Manchu.
However, at the time of the abdication of the Qing Emperor, the actual rulers of the Qing court were Empress Longyu and the regent, and these people had a certain unity mentality, and they were obviously reluctant to go outside the Guan to be puppets for others. Those hardcore royalists did not gain power in the Qing court, and the leaders were assassinated by the Kuomintang, so the Qing court did not withdraw from Guanwai and chose to rebuild the regime.
The decay and lack of talent in the Qing court were also important reasons why the Qing court chose to abdicate rather than rebuild the regime.
Because the Qing government, in order to ensure the interests of these princes and nobles, would rather continue to sign humiliating and traitorous treaties than share power with the constitutionalists, pushing the constitutionalists into the arms of the revolutionaries, resulting in uprisings in many places, the Qing Dynasty proclaimed unification for three years, the Wuchang Uprising broke out, and by New Year's Day in 1912, the Provisional Government of the Republic of China was established in Nanjing.
For the Qing government, in the eighteen provinces in the interior, except for a few provinces such as Zhili and Gansu, most of the rest declared their surrender to the Republic of China, and the Qing court was even powerless to suppress the revolutionary armies everywhere, at this time the Qing court can be said to be unavailable, it is a group of wine bags and rice bags, the Qing court can only seek Yuan Shikai's head, and when Yuan Shikai has his own ambitions in his heart, the Qing court can be said to be completely helpless.
When Yuan Shikai was at war with the revolutionary army on the one hand, and on the other hand, he was secretly talking about overthrowing the Qing Dynasty behind his back, in fact, the fate of the Qing Dynasty was already doomed, and when Yuan Shikai put pressure on the Qing court, the Qing rulers also tacitly accepted this ending in their hearts, and after the Qing government's request to the National Government in Nanjing to retain the treatment of the Qing Dynasty's clan and not retaliate against it was granted, the Qing court announced his abdication, and Yuan Shikai also sat in his position as president of the Republic of China as he wished.
The abdication of the Qing court can be said to be a historical necessity, different from the previous dynasties, the late Qing dynasty, can be regarded as one of the most chaotic periods in history, is a great change that has not been seen in three thousand years, the chaotic world will inevitably require force to deter, and the Qing court in this period is the weakest time, naturally, abdication is the best choice to save themselves.