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In the first month of the second year of Emperor Suzong's reign (757), Li Bai officially joined the army of King Yong. In order to strengthen the momentum of the army, Li Bai also specially wrote a group of eleven songs of "Yongwang East Tour Song".
Unexpectedly, after only a month, Yong Wang's army was gradually defeated, and Yong Wang lost his life. Li Bai had to start fleeing, but was eventually arrested in Anqing and imprisoned in Xunyang Prison. At this point, Li Bai was faced with the capital crime of treason.
Later, Song Ruosi of jiangnan xuanweisi came forward to intercede and exonerated Li Bai from the death penalty. However, the crime could not escape, and Li Bai was sentenced to exile, and it was exiled for life. At this time, Li Bai was already fifty-seven years old, and even if he was not exiled for life, he was likely to die in the middle of the road because of disobedience or fatigue.
In March of the second year of Qianyuan (759), Li Baicai, who had been exiled to Yelang, crossed the Three Gorges and arrived at the White Emperor City to rest. It was also at this time that a severe drought occurred in Guanzhong. For various reasons, the central government with Suzong as the core decided to grant amnesty to the world, change the death penalty to exile, and all prisoners in exile and below were acquitted.
Imagine how excited Li Bai, who had just made up his mind to end up alone in Yelang a few months ago, got the news. From the beginning of exposing the fruitless rebellion of An Lushan, and even from the first time he entered Chang'an, Li Bai experienced a series of setbacks, and also suffered from the blank eyes, slander and slander of many people. And now, suddenly, it's clear. Li Bai immediately went to Nanping (within Chongqing), found his distant brother Li Zhiyuan, and then took a boat down the river to Jiangling to meet his family.
On the way, it is natural to pass through the Three Gorges. The water here is turbulent, and it took several months when I first passed, so it only takes one day to reach Gangneung. The constant cry of the ape in his ears and the cascading mountains on the banks of the river made Li Bai think of everything he had experienced over the years, and immediately chanted a seven-time poem "Early White Emperor City" that has been passed down through the ages:
"
Early onset of the White Emperor City
Don Lee Bai
Between the clouds of the White Emperor,
A thousand miles of Gangneung one day back.
The apes on both sides of the strait can't stop crying,
The light boat has passed through the Ten Thousand Heavy Mountains.
This poem is intended to depict the yangtze river from the White Emperor to Jiangling, the speed of the water, the boat is flying. The poet combines the happy mood after the pardon with the magnificence and splendor of the country and the smoothness and briskness of the boat along the water, and uses exaggeration and fantasy to write fluently and ethereally, shocking the world, and not pretending to be carved, doing whatever you want, naturally.
Later generations spoke highly of this poem, and the Ming Dynasty Yang Shen once praised it: "This is the crown of the Tang dynasty's seven utterances, and the wind and rain are weeping ghosts!" ”
In the following days, the old and strong Li Bai reappeared as a donkey friend. Going straight down the river seems to have allowed him to find the heroic ambition of "fighting the sword to go to the country and resigning his relatives to travel far", and he revisited the old land between Jingchu and Xianggan. Although he was still seriously ill in Jiangxia, he could not change his mood.
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Tang poetry | the history of ancient Chinese | | Song ci